Anne Martin

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 07/01/1993
• Auteurs : Jean-Christophe WeberThierry MartinAnne-Marie KnappJean-Louis Pasquali
• Organismes : Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg
• Publié dans Autoimmunity le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : The mechanisms that govern autoantibody production are still under debate. In particular, auto-antibodies can appear as a consequence of a polyclonal activation of B cells or as a consequence of an antigen driven B cell expansion. The molecular analysis of the variable regions of auto-antibodies arising during different clinical situations can help to understand the origin of auto-antibodies. We recently described the main light chain variable regions of polyclonal rheumatoid factors occurring during rheumatoid arthritis and suggested that the mutation pattern of these regions could reflect an antigen driven process. Using the same approach, we now report the molecular analysis of the same light chain variable region containing a VKIII segment of rheumatoid factors originating from a polyclonal activation of B cells during an in vivo Epstein-Barr virus infection, infectious mononucleosis. The cDNA derived from rheumatoid factor synthetizing cells were amplified by two sets of polymerase chain reaction. The amplified products were cloned in M13mp19 phages and sequenced. The nucleotide analysis of the VKIII containing VK regions shows that: 1) the rheumatoid factor activity is associated with the 3 VKIII genes (Kv 325, Kv 328 and Vg) already known to encode for monoclonal and polyclonal rheumatoid factors, 2) there is a preferential use of Kv 328 and Vg, each one of these genes being poorly mutated, 3) the CDR mutation rates of these genes is no higher than the framework mutation rates, 4) there is a restriction of the JK usage; Kv 328 derived gene segments rearrange exclusively with JK1, Vg preferentially rearranges with JK1 and JK4. These results mainly suggest that naturally occurring polyclonal activation of autoreactive B cells produces poorly mutated autoantibodies.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/1992
• Auteurs : R. M. WengerK. MartinC. TimbersAnne Tromelin
• Organismes : Sandoz Pharma Ltd. Sandoz Pharma Ltd. Sandoz Pharma Ltd. Sandoz Pharma Ltd. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
• Publié dans CHIMIA le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : The syntheses of the cyclosporine metabolites Leu-4-cyclosporine (AM4N), (gamma-OH)MeLeu-9-cyclosporine (AM9) and Leu-4-(gamma-OH)MeLeu-cyclosporine (AM4N9) were completed. Aspartic acid was used as starting material to prepare peptides containing (gamma-OH)MeLeu residues. The structure of metabolite M13 was definitively established as being Leu-4-(gamma-OH)MeLeu-9-cyclosporine. The immunosuppressive activity in vitro of these synthesized metabolites was compared with that of cyclosporine and metabolite AM1.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/09/1991
• Auteurs : Anne DuittozR Martin
• Organismes : Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences
• Publié dans Journal of Experimental Biology le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : 1. In a previous study, it was shown that the potency order for two arylamino-pyridazine derivatives, SR95531 and SR95103, was different in Ascaris suum when compared to vertebrate preparations. SR95531, the most potent analogue at the vertebrate GABAA receptor, was found to be very weak at antagonizing GABA responses in Ascaris, but SR95103, approximately 20 times less potent than SR95531 in vertebrate preparations, was more potent than SR95531 in Ascaris. These results suggested the existence of different accessory binding sites at the Ascaris GABA receptor. 2. To test this hypothesis, the effects of a series of arylaminopyridazine derivatives of GABA on the GABA response in Ascaris suum muscle were investigated using a two-microelectrode current-clamp technique. 3. The results showed that SR42627, a potent antagonist at the GABAA receptor, was one of the weakest analogues in Ascaris muscle. In contrast, SR95132, virtually inactive in vertebrate preparations, was equipotent to SR95103, the most potent analogue of the series in Ascaris muscle. 4. The three most potent analogues in Ascaris, SR95103, SR95132 and SR42666, displace GABA dose-response curves to the right without decreasing the maximal response. The modified Schild plots for these compounds are consistent with a competitive mechanism involving two molecules of GABA and only one molecule of antagonist interacting with the receptor. The estimated dissociation constants for SR95103, SR95132 and SR42666 are, respectively, 64, 65 and 105 mumol l-1. 5. Structure-activity relationships for this series of compounds were examined in Ascaris and compared to those in vertebrates. Substitution on the pyridazine ring in the 4-position, while detrimental for the antagonist potency at the vertebrate GABAA receptor, appears to be a prerequisite for antagonistic activity on the Ascaris muscle GABA receptor. These results are interpreted in terms of the accessory binding site theory of Ariëns, and suggest the existence of different accessory binding sites on the Ascaris GABA receptor.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 27/04/1991
• Auteurs : Jean-Christophe WeberAnne-Sophie KorganowThierry MartinGiulio MenegazziBernard GasserDaniel StorckJean-Louis Pasquali
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'Histoire des Sciences et de Philosophie - Archives Henri Poincaré Archives Henri-Poincaré - Philosophie et Recherches sur les Sciences et les Technologies Immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique
• Publié dans La Presse Médicale le 01/11/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/1991
• Auteurs : Anne DuittozRichard J. Martin
• Organismes : Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences
• Publié dans Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part C: Comparative Pharmacology le 30/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/1991
• Auteurs : Anne DuittozRichard J. Martin
• Organismes : Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences
• Publié dans Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part C: Comparative Pharmacology le 30/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/1991
• Auteurs : R. MartinA. PenningtonAnne DuittozG. MerinoJ. Küsel
• Organismes : Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences University of Glasgow
• Publié dans Parasitology le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : The organization of Ascaris motoneurones and nervous system is summarized. There is an anterior nerve ring and associated ganglia, main dorsal and ventral nerve cords which run longitudinally, and a small set of posterior ganglia. Cell bodies of motoneurones are found in the ventral nerve cord and occur in 5 repeating 'segments'; each contains 11 motoneurones. Seven morphological types of excitatory or inhibitory motoneurone are recognized. Each Ascaris somatic muscle cell is composed of the contractile spindle; the bag region, containing the nucleus; the arm; and the syncytial region, the location of neuromuscular junctions. The resting membrane potential of muscle is approximately -30 mV and shows regular depolarizing, Ca-dependent 'spike potentials' superimposed on smaller Na(+)- and Ca2(+)-dependent 'slow waves' and even slower 'modulation waves'. The membrane shows high Cl- permeability. Adjacent cells are electrically coupled so that electrical activity in the cells is synchronized. Acetylcholine (ACh) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) affect the electrical activity. Bath-applied ACh increases membrane cation conductance, depolarizes the cells, alters the frequency and amplitude of spike potentials and produces contraction. Bath-applied GABA increases Cl- conductance, decreases spike activity and causes hyperpolarization and muscle relaxation. The extra-synaptic ACh receptors on the bag region of Ascaris muscle can be regarded as a separate subtype of nicotinic receptor. ACh and anthelmintic agonists (pyrantel, morantel, levamisole) produce a dose-dependent increase in cation conductance and membrane depolarization which is blocked by tubocurarine, mecamylamine but not by hexamethonium. The potency of GABA agonists, with the exception of sulphonic acid derivatives, correlates with the vertebrate GABAa receptor. The potency of antagonists does not. Thus, bicuculline, securinine, pitrazepine, SR95531 and RU5135 are potent vertebrate GABAa antagonists but have little effect on GABA receptors. The potency order of the arylaminopyridazine GABA antagonists: SR95103, SR95132, SR42666, SR95133, SR95531, SR42627 and SR42640 at the Ascaris GABA receptors contrasts with that at vertebrate GABAa receptors. It has been suggested that the receptor is referred to as a GABAn receptor. Patch-clamp studies show that ACh activates a non-selective cation channel which has a main conductance of 40-50pS and apparent mean open time of 1.3 ms; a smaller channel of 20-30 pS with a similar open-time is also activated. Pyrantel and levamisole also produce openings with similar conductances and open-times.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/05/1990
• Auteurs : Jacqueline BeckerVallerie MezgerAnne-Marie CourgeonMartin Best-Belpomme
• Organismes : Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6
• Publié dans European Journal of Biochemistry le 23/10/2020

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Résumé : The synthesis of heat-shock proteins via activation of heat-shock genes occurs in response to heat and various physical or chemical stressing agents. Transcriptional activation of heat-shock genes requires a heat-shock regulatory element in their promoter, to which a heat-shock specific transcription factor binds. In Drosophila cells, the heat-shock factor already exists in unstressed cells in an inactive form and acquires the capacity to bind to the heat-shock element following stress. The mechanism of this activation is not known: neither is it known whether the different stressing agents induce the heat-shock response through a common mechanism. We previously proposed that many agents known to induce the heat-shock response (substances interfering with respiratory metabolism, agents reacting with sulphydryl groups, metals, recovery from anaerobiosis and ischemia) might act via accumulation of reactive oxygen species, i.e. superoxide ion or H2O2. We show here that H2O2, introduced either in Drosophila cell cultures or in cell extracts, was able to activate heat-shock-element binding. Activation was rapid and H2O2 concentration dependent, with a threshold of 1 microM. These results were confirmed with mouse fibroblast cells. This very rapid activation, in vivo or in vitro, suggests a direct effect of H2O2 either on the heat-shock factor itself or on its activator.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 28/04/1988
• Auteurs : Nigel BrandMartin PetkovichAndrée KrustPierre ChambonHugues de ThéAgnès MarchioPierre TiollaisAnne S. Dejean
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Recombinaison et Expression Génétique Recombinaison et Expression Génétique Recombinaison et Expression Génétique Recombinaison et Expression Génétique
• Publié dans Nature le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : We have previously described a human complementary DNA that encodes a novel protein which is homologous to members of the steroid/thyroid nuclear receptor multigene family. This novel protein (hap for hepatoma) exhibits strong homology with the human retinoic acid receptor (RAR) which has been recently characterized. To test the possibility that the hap protein might also be a retinoid receptor, a chimaeric receptor was created by replacing the putative DNA binding domain of hap with that of the human oestrogen receptor (ER). The resulting hap-ER chimaera was then tested for its ability to trans-activate an oestrogen-responsive reporter gene (vit-tk-CAT) in the presence of possible receptor ligands. Here we show that retinoic acid (RA) at physiological concentrations is effective in inducing the expression of this reporter gene by the hap-ER chimaeric receptor. This demonstrates the existence of two human retinoic acid receptors designated RAR-alpha and RAR-beta.

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• Type de publi. :
• Date de publi. : 10/08/1987
• Auteurs : Anne Collin Delavaud
• Organismes : CREDA - Centre de Recherche Et de Documentation sur les Amériques - UMR 7227

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Résumé : Le long de la longue avenue Tupac Amaru qui traverse le district de San Martin de Porres, une petite rue perpendiculaire montre les étapes de construction du quartier. Un rez de chaussée, puis lorsque les moyens financiers le permettront un étage, puis deux. Une maison peut mettre des années à s'achever.. le quartier de la même façon. L'équipement est ici assez encourageant : rue asphaltée, trottoirs cimentés, électricité, arbres. Le ciel est gris du fait de la couche nuageuse basse et permanente une grande partie de l'année le long de l'océan pacifique.

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Fichiers liés : ACD-PER-009.jpg

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