Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/03/2011
• Auteurs : Marie KempfRegine BaraducHenri BonnabauMichel BrunGerard ChabanonHubert ChardonJacques CroizéMarie Claude DemachyPierre-Yves DonnioPhilippe DupontThierry FosseLaurent GibelAlain GravetBernadette GrignonTahar HadouFarida HamdadMarie-Laure Joly-GuillouJean Louis KoeckJeanne MaugeinAndre PéchinotMarie-Cécile PloyJosette RaymondAlain RosMicheline Roussel-DelvallezChristine SegondsMichel VergnaudVeronique Vernet-GarnierAgnes LepoutreLaurent GutmannEmmanuelle VaronPhilippe Lanotte
• Organismes : Microbiologie : Risques Infectieux Laboratoire de bactériologie Laboratoire de Microbiologie Médicale et Moléculaire Service de Bactériologie, Virologie, Hygiène [CHU Limoges] Pathogenèse de Helicobacter Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] Centre de Référence du Pneumocoque Service de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène [Tours] Université de Tours
• Publié dans Microbial Drug Resistance le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : Antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in France is closely monitored by the pneumococcus surveillance network, founded in 1995, which collects data from regional observatories (Observatoire Régionaux du Pneumocoque [ORP]). In 2007, 23 ORPs analyzed the antibiotic susceptibility of 5,302 isolates of S. pneumoniae recovered in France from cerebrospinal fluid, blood, middle ear fluid, and pleural fluid, as well as from adult respiratory samples. The study showed that 38.2% of the strains were nonsusceptible to penicillin, 19.3% nonsusceptible to amoxicillin, and 10.5% nonsusceptible to cefotaxime. The percentage of pneumococcus nonsusceptible to penicillin varied according to both the sample and the age of the patient (child/adult): blood (27.8%/32.5%), cerebrospinal fluid (33.7%/34.6%), middle ear fluid (60.2%/27.5%), and pleural fluid (50.0%/31.0%). Between 2003 and 2007, the frequency of penicillin resistance in invasive pneumococcal disease gradually decreased from 46.4% to 29.0% in children and from 43.8% to 32.7% in adults. This decrease coincided with the introduction of a seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine into immunization programs and with a general reduction in levels of antibiotic consumption in France.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/03/2011
• Auteurs : Isabelle OlivierVassilia TheodorouPhilippe P. ValetIsabelle Castan-LaurellHervé GuillouJustine Bertrand-MichelChristel CartierValérie BézirardRobert DucrocJean-Pierre SegainGuillaume PortierSylvain KirzinJacques MoreauJean-Pierre DuffasLaurent FerrierHélène Eutamène
• Organismes : Neuro-Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Neuro-Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Neuro-Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Neuro-Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Centre de recherche biomédicale Bichat-Beaujon Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles Chirurgie Générale et Digestive [Purpan] Chirurgie Générale et Digestive [Purpan] Chirurgie Générale et Digestive [Rangueil] Chirurgie Générale et Digestive [Rangueil] Neuro-Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Neuro-Gastroentérologie et Nutrition
• Publié dans Inflammatory Bowel Diseases le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND: In human pathology, the "creeping fat" (CF) of the mesentery is unique to Crohn's disease (CD). CF is usually referred to as an ectopic extension of mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT). However, since no animal model developing CF has ever been established, very little is known about this type of fat-depot expansion and its role in the development of the disease. METHODS: We developed and standardized an experimental protocol in mice that reproducibly induces CF development when a severe colonic inflammation is obtained by intracolonic instillation of DNBS. RESULTS: Macro-microscopic observations revealed a fatty appearance of CF. Yet when compared to MAT from the same animals, CF contains very little triglycerides, few adipocytes, and we observed a very low expression and protein levels of both adipose markers (hormone-sensitive lipase, perilipin) and adipocytokines (leptin, adiponectin). The decreased expression of perilipin in CF was also observed by immunohistochemistry. Conversely, the expression of proinflammatory and fibrous markers (Pref-1) was much higher in CF than in MAT. These observations were fully consistent with those made on CF recovered from five CD patients and compared with subcutaneous and mesenteric fat from the same patients. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, this work reports an original experimental mice model of CF. In this model we establish for the first time that CF only occurs in severe colonic inflammation and shows an inflammatory, fibrous but not an adipose pattern.

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Fichiers liés : Olivier I._1.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/03/2011
• Auteurs : Nicolas PosséméThibaut DavidThierry ChevolleauMaxime DarnonPhilippe BrunMarc GuillermetJean Pierre OddouSebastien BarnolaFanny BaillyRégis BouyssouJulien DucoteRomain HurandChristophe VéroveOlivier R. Joubert
• Organismes : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique STMicroelectronics [Crolles] STMicroelectronics [Crolles] STMicroelectronics [Crolles] Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/03/2011
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe RigaudJean-Pierre QuenotMarie BorelIsabelle PluChristian HervéGrégoire Moutel
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'éthique médicale et médecine légale Service de Réanimation Polyvalente Laboratoire d'éthique médicale et médecine légale Service de Réanimation Médicale (CHU de Dijon) Laboratoire d'éthique médicale et médecine légale Département d'anesthésie-Réanimation-Samu Laboratoire d'éthique médicale et médecine légale Laboratoire d'éthique médicale et médecine légale Service d'accès aux soins et de droits des patients Laboratoire d'éthique médicale et médecine légale Service d'accès aux soins et de droits des patients
• Publié dans Journal of Medical Ethics le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : PURPOSE: The search for cause of death is important to improve knowledge and provide answers for the relatives of the deceased. Medical autopsy following unexplained death in hospital is one way to identify cause of death but is difficult to carry out routinely. Post mortem sampling (PMS) of tissues via thin biopsy needle or 'mini incisions' in the skin may be a useful alternative. A study was undertaken to assess how this approach is perceived by intensive care doctors and also to evaluate how this practice is considered in ethical terms in France. METHODS: A study of PMS practices immediately after death in 10 intensive care departments was performed. The medical director of each centre was interviewed by telephone and asked to describe practices in their unit and to outline the questions raised by this practice. RESULTS: PMS is routinely performed in 70% of the units which responded, without systematically obtaining formal consent and without precise rules for communicating results. Approaches to PMS differed between centres, but all physicians felt that PMS is useful for the scientific information it gives and also for the information it provides for relatives. All physicians regret the lack of standards to structure PMS practices. CONCLUSION: Information from post mortem examinations is important for society to inform about causes of death, for doctors to improve practices and for decision-makers responsible for organising care. Debate persists regarding the balance between individual rights and community interests. It is suggested that an approach for identifying cause of death could easily be integrated into the relationship between carers and relatives, provided full transparency is maintained.

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Fichiers liés : Rigaud_et_al.pdf inserm-00565252_edited.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 28/02/2011
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe ChampeauxP ÇarçabalMartine SencePatrick Moretto-CapellePierre Cafarelli
• Organismes : Interactions Ions-Matière (LCAR) Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay Interactions Ions-Matière (LCAR) Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité Interactions Ions-Matière (LCAR) Interactions Ions-Matière (LCAR)
• Publié dans Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : A simple statistical model describing the dissociation of molecular dications into correlated fragment pairs has been developed. This model is based on a combinatory approach in which all possible fragments are enumerated and is refined by taking into account the initial structure of the parent molecule, considering the number of chemical bonds to be broken to give rise to the fragments. We show how this model can be used as a tool to help interpreting experimental results of coincidence experiments. It shows that dissociation of doubly ionized molecules upon 100 keV proton irradiation is dominated by statistical processes but it also enables an easy identification of the dissociation products originating from non-statistical processes requiring further investigation, possibly conveying information on the radiation-molecule interaction itself.

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Fichiers liés : PEER_stage2_10.1088%2F0953-4075%2F44%2F4%2F045205.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 22/02/2011
• Auteurs : Jan PolcherDouglas J. ParkerA. GayeA. DiedhouLaurence EymardFederico FierliL. GenesioH. HöllerSerge JanicotJean-Philippe LaforeHarouna KarambiriThierry LebelJean-Luc RedelspergerClaire E. ReevesPaolo RutiInge SandholtChris D. Thorncroft
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] Laboratoire de Physique de l'Atmosphère et de l'Océan Siméon Fongang HMCI Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima Istituto di Biometeorologia [Firenze] DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre = DLR Institute of Atmospheric Physics Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Centre national de recherches météorologiques Ecole Inter-Etats d'Ingénieurs de l'Equipement Rural HMCI Centre national de recherches météorologiques School of Environmental Sciences [Norwich] Ente per le Nuove tecnologie, l'Energia e l'Ambiente IGUC Section for Geography [Copenhagen] Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Albany]
• Publié dans Atmospheric Science Letters le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : The AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis) project set out to better understand the geophysical processes which govern the evolution of the monsoon and provide the science needed to improve prediction and decision-support systems. The control exerted by weather and climate on agronomic production, water resources and public health was studied to evaluate the potential for populations to adapt. AMMA made advances which have the potential to improve forecasts from weather to climate scales. Translating them into operational tools for decision making will require improvements to the observational networks, and stronger support for the organizations which generate and disseminate application forecasts.

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Fichiers liés : 2011-320_ftp.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 21/02/2011
• Auteurs : Daniel BarthélémyNozha BoujemaaDaniel MathieuJean-François MolinoAlexis JolyHervé GoëauPierre BonnetElise MouyssetPhilippe BirnbaumViolette RocheWajih OuertaniPierre Grard
• Organismes : BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes Images et multimédia : indexation, navigation et recherche Tela Botanica BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes Scientific Data Management Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes Tela Botanica BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes Tela Botanica Images et multimédia : indexation, navigation et recherche BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes

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Résumé : Accurate knowledge of the identity of plants underpins the success of agricultural development and biodiversity sustainable management and conservation. Unfortunately, such data are often hardly available for professional stakeholders, as well as for teachers, scientists and citizens. Furthermore, these informations are often incomplete for ecosystems with the highest plant diversity, i.e. Mediterranean and tropical regions. It is thus of the utmost importance to speed up the accumulation of basic data on plants, while simultaneously providing an easy and efficient access to this knowledge to users.The Pl@ntNet project will contribute to this objective by providing, within a coherent platform, free, open-source, easy-access software tools and methods for plant identification. It will involve citizen science, as a powerful means to enrich databases with information on plant description. These tools, partly based on well established, or prototype software, will be proposed for individual or collaborative use, to all potential users. The plant identification systems will include not only existing, interactive morphological recognition systems, but also more experimental, yet potentially powerful content-based image retrieval methods. Preliminary evaluations have been done on species identification by wood anatomy, and leaves morphology

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 17/02/2011
• Auteurs : Stefano TargettiDavide ViaggiDavid CumingJean-Pierre SarthouJean-Philippe Choisis
• Organismes : Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna = University of Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna = University of Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna = University of Bologna Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural

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Résumé : A comprehensive quantification of biodiversity in farming systems would require a very significant amount of work (and funds) even for a small area. Therefore, biodiversity indicators are needed to solve the problem of the measurement feasibility. Even though the issue of cost and effectiveness is central for the evaluation of the indicators, only the latter is discussed in detail in the scientific literature. This work presents a cost analysis based on the direct gathering of records from a farm-scale biodiversity survey (EU-FP7, BioBio - “Indicators for biodiversity in organic and low-input farming systems”) where the analysis of costs is part of the project. It is a simple method for comparing different indicators by their ratio of cost/effectiveness. Here we present the results from the French case study (Gascony Hills, Midi-Pyrenees Region).

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Fichiers liés : 2011_Targetti_EAAE_1.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 08/02/2011
• Auteurs : Tabassome SimonPhilippe Gabriel StegMartine GilardDidier BlanchardLaurent BonelloMichel HanssenHervé LardouxPierre CosteThierry LefèvreElodie DrouetGeneviève MulakVincent BatailleJean FerrièresCéline VerstuyftNicolas Danchin
• Organismes : Service de cardiologie Hémostase, bio-ingénierie et remodelage cardiovasculaires Optimisation des régulations physiologiques CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP] Service Cardiologie [CHU Toulouse] Service de génétique moléculaire, pharmacogénétique et hormonologie Service de Cardiologie [CHU Rouen]
• Publié dans Circulation le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND: Clopidogrel requires metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) that inhibit CYP2C19 are commonly coadministered with clopidogrel to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. This analysis compares treatment outcomes for patients in the French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI) who did or did not receive clopidogrel and/or PPIs. METHODS AND RESULTS: The FAST-MI registry included 3670 patients (2744 clopidogrel- and PPI-naïve patients) presenting with definite MI. Patients were categorized according to use of clopidogrel and/or PPI within 48 hours after hospital admission. PPI use was not associated with an increased risk for any of the main in-hospital events (in-hospital survival, reinfarction, stroke, bleeding, and transfusion). Likewise, PPI treatment was not an independent predictor of 1-year survival (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87 to 1.08; P=0.57) or 1-year MI, stroke, or death (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.08; P=0.72). No differences were seen when the type of PPI or CYP2C19 genotype was taken into account. In the propensity-matched cohorts, the odds ratios for major in-hospital events in PPI versus no PPI were 0.29 (95% CI, 0.06 to 1.44) and 1.70 (95% CI, 0.10 to 30.3) for patients with 1 and 2 variant alleles, respectively. Similarly, the hazard ratio for 1-year events in hospital survivors was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.26 to 1.79) and 0.55 (95% CI, 0.06 to 5.30), respectively. CONCLUSION: PPI use was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events or mortality in patients administered clopidogrel for recent MI, whatever the CYP2C19 genotype, although harm could not be formally excluded in patients with 2 loss-of-function alleles.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 07/02/2011
• Auteurs : Fabien ViallaCyrielle RoqueletChristophe VoisinJean‐sébastien LauretPhilippe RoussignolEmmanuelle Deleporte
• Organismes : Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire

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Résumé : The chemical functionalization of single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs) with dye molecules is a promising way for combining the exceptional transport properties of the nanotube and the tunability of optical properties of the chromophores in view of future carbon-based applications such as photovoltaic and other optoelectronic nanodevices. -stacking functionalization of porphyrin (TPP) molecules using a micelle swelling method was achieved recently, yielding stable and reproducible compounds [1]. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements on ensembles of such complexes evidenced a soft enough functionalization so to preserve the intrinsic properties of NTs, and yet an e cient energy transfer from the TPP to the NT [2]. In the view of overcoming the inhomogeneous e ects of ensembles studies, we report here on preliminary investigations of PL properties of such molecular assemblies at the scale of a single object lying on a quartz substrate. We run confocal spectroscopy with a HeNe laser (633 nm) excitation corresponding to the S22 transition energy of (6,4) NTs and observe spatially localized and linearly polarized light emissions. PL spectra show single peaks corresponding to the S11 transition of the minority chirality (6,4) of the sample. This brings evidence for single NTs as emitters. Further investigations are in progress, introducing the variation of the temperature, the wavelength and polarization of the excitation light, coupled with AFM imaging. That will lead to a better understanding of both structural (in uence of the substrate, surface coverage of the NT by the TPP) and optoelectronic (spectral shifts, transfer mechanisms) properties of the complex. References [1] C. Roquelet, ChemPhysChem 2010, 11, 1667-1672.

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