Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Marie GardentAntoine RabatelJean-Pierre DedieuPhilip DelinePhilippe Schoeneich
• Organismes : Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales

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Résumé : The only existing glacial inventory from the French Alps, conducted by Robert Vivian and published within the context of the World Glacier Inventory, dates back to the late 60s/early 70s. Glacial withdrawal over the previous decades largely justifies an update of the status of glacial coverage in the French Alps. This work is part of the activities conducted within the RC 512 (France) of the GLIMS program. A diachronic delineation of glacial contour has been conducted using different sources: 1) 1/25.000 topographical maps of the French Geographical National Institute: IGN (~1970, with varying dates according to the massifs and the updates of the maps); 2) 1985-86, Landsat 5 TM images (30 m resolution); 3) 2003, Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM+ images (30 and 15 m resolution); and 4) 2006-2009, aerial photographs of the IGN (50 cm resolution). For the topographical maps and the aerial photographs, glacial contour has been manually delineated. For the Landsat images, an automatic delineation has been achieved using the common NDSI method applied to the 1985-86 images. Then, all glaciers have been individually checked to adjust the delineation of the contour line, specifically for debris-covered and shadowed areas, using a 542 spectral band combination. Resulting glacial contour for 1985-86 has been finally overlaid to the 2003 images, and glacial contour has been manually adjusted for each glacier individually. The overall glacial coverage of the French Alps was about 365 km2 in the late 60s/early 70s (WGI). In 1985-86, in spite of a short advancing period in the late 70s/early 80s, glacial coverage has decreased to a value close to 340 km2. Glacial withdrawal has strongly increased during the last 25 years, and glacial coverage has been reduced to about 270 km2 in the late 2000s, which represents an average loss of 26% over the last 40 years. At the scale of the different French Alps massifs, glacial withdrawal over the last two decades is more important for the southern ones (i.e. Ecrins and Belledonne massifs). In the Belledonne Massif, in relation with the lowest elevation of this mountain range (< 3.000 m a.s.l.), glaciers have almost completly disapeared. In the Ecrins Massif (44°50' N), glacial retreat is more than three times stronger than in the Mont Blanc Massif (45°55' N). This difference is likely a consequence of both a meridional effect (warmer and drier) and a lower elevation of the overall Ecrins Massif.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Loretxu BergouignanJean Pierre LefrancMarie ChupinNastassja MorelJean Philippe SpanoPhilippe Fossati
• Organismes : Vulnérabilité Adaptation et Psychopathologie Equipe NEMESIS - Centre de Recherches de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière Centre Emotion Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6
• Publié dans PLoS ONE le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND: Neuroimaging studies show the hippocampus is a crucial node in the neural network supporting episodic autobiographical memory retrieval. Stress-related psychiatric disorders, namely Major Depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), are related to reduced hippocampus volume. However, this is not the case for remitted breast cancer patients with co-morbid stress-related psychiatric disorders. This exception may be due to the fact that, consequently to the cancer experience as such, this population might already be characterized by a reduced hippocampus with an episodic autobiographical memory deficit. METHODOLOGY: We scanned, with a 3T Siemens TRIO, 16 patients who had lived through a "standard experience of breast cancer" (breast cancer and a standard treatment in remission since 18 month) in the absence of any associated stress-related psychiatric or neurological disorder and 21 matched controls. We then assessed their episodic autobiographical memory retrieval ability. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Remitted breast cancer patients had both a significantly smaller hippocampus and a significant deficit in episodic autobiographical memory retrieval. The hippocampus atrophy was characterized by a smaller posterior hippocampus. The posterior hippocampus volume was intimately related to the ability to retrieve negative memories and to the past experience of breast cancer or not. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results provide two main findings: (1) we identify a new population with a specific reduction in posterior hippocampus volume that is independent of any psychiatric or neurological pathology; (2) we show the intimate relation of the posterior hippocampus to the ability to retrieve episodic autobiographical memories. These are significant findings as it is the first demonstration that indicates considerable long-term effects of living through the experience of breast cancer and shows very specific hippocampal atrophy with a functional deficit without any presence of psychiatric pathology.

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• Type de publi. : Rapport
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Alexandre SalchJean-Philippe Lucien GayonPierre Lemaire
• Organismes : Recherche Opérationnelle pour les Systèmes de Production Gestion et Conduite des Systèmes de Production Recherche Opérationnelle pour les Systèmes de Production

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Résumé : In this paper we discuss a stochastic scheduling problem with impatience to the beginning of service. The impatience of a job can be seen as a due date and a job is considered to be on time if it begins to be processed before its due-date. Processing times and due dates are random variables. Jobs are processed on a single machine with the objective to minimize the expected weighted number of tardy jobs in the class of static list scheduling policies. We derive optimal schedules when processing times and due dates follow different probability distributions. We also study the relation between the problem with impatience to the beginning of service and the problem with impatience to the end of service. Finally, we provide some additional results for the problem with impatience to the end of service.

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Fichiers liés : Cahier194.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Pierre ColletArnaud HéliasLaurent LardonMonique RasRomy-Alice GoyJean-Philippe Steyer
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Naskeo [Narbonne] Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Biological control of artificial ecosystems
• Publié dans Bioresource Technology le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : Due to resource depletion and climate change, lipid-based algal biofuel has been pointed out as an interesting alternative because of the high productivity of algae per hectare and per year and its ability to recycle CO2 from flue gas. Another option for taking advantage of the energy content of the microalgae is to directly carry out anaerobic digestion of raw algae in order to produce methane and recycle nutrients (N, P and K). In this study, a life-cycle assessment (LCA) of biogas production from the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris is performed and the results are compared to algal biodiesel and to first generation biodiesels. These results suggest that the impacts generated by the production of methane from microalgae are strongly correlated with the electric consumption. Progresses can be achieved by decreasing the mixing costs and circulation between different production steps, or by improving the efficiency of the anaerobic process under controlled conditions. This new bioenergy generating process strongly competes with others biofuel productions.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Francis MairetOlivier BernardMonique RasLaurent LardonJean-Philippe Steyer
• Organismes : Biological control of artificial ecosystems Anlysis and Mathematical Modeling, Valparaiso Biological control of artificial ecosystems Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Biological control of artificial ecosystems Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne]

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Résumé : The coupling between a microalgal pond and an anaerobic digester is a promising alternative for sustainable energy production by transforming carbon dioxide into methane (which is a biofuel). In this paper, a dynamic model for anaerobic digestion of microalgae is developed with the objective of helping in the coupled process management. This model includes the dynamics of ammonium and volatile fatty acids since both can lead to inhibition and process unstability. Three reactions are considered: two hydrolysis-acetogenesis steps in parallel for the sugars-lipids and for the proteins, and a methanogenesis step. Simulation results were compared with experimental data for Chlorella vulgaris digestion. The model fits the data of the considered 140 day experiment.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Philippe BourdeauPascal MaoJean Corneloup
• Organismes : Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales
• Publié dans Annales de géographie le 01/11/2020

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• Type de publi. : Rapport
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Laércio L. PillaChristiane Pousa RibeiroDaniel CordeiroAbhinav BhatelePhilippe O. A. NavauxJean-François MéhautLaxmikant V. Kalé
• Organismes : Instituto de Informática da UFRGS Middleware efficiently scalable PrograMming and scheduling design fOr Applications in Interactive Simulation Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana] Instituto de Informática da UFRGS Middleware efficiently scalable Department of Computer Science [UIUC]

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Résumé : Multi-core nodes with Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) are now a common architecture for high performance computing. On such NUMA nodes, the shared memory is physically distributed into memory banks connected by a network. Owing to this, memory access costs may vary depending on the distance between the processing unit and the memory bank. Therefore, a key element in improving the performance on these machines is dealing with memory affinity. We propose a NUMA-aware load balancer that combines the information about the NUMA topology with the statistics captured by the Charm++ runtime system. We present speedups of up to 1.8 for synthetic benchmarks running on different NUMA platforms. We also show improvements over existing load balancing strategies both in benchmark performance and in the time for load balancing. In addition, by avoiding unnecessary migrations, our algorithm incurs up to seven times smaller overheads in migration, than the other strategies.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Y. FutaanaJean-Yves ChaufrayH. Todd SmithPhilippe GarnierHerbert LichteneggerMagda DelvaHannes GroellerA. Mura
• Organismes : Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements Institut für Weltraumforschung = Space Research institute [Graz] Institut für Weltraumforschung = Space Research institute [Graz] Institut für Weltraumforschung = Space Research institute [Graz] Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario
• Publié dans Space Science Reviews le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : Our understanding of the upper atmosphere of unmagnetized bodies such as Mars, Venus and Titan has improved significantly in this decade. Recent observations by in situ and remote sensing instruments on board Mars Express, Venus Express and Cassini have revealed characteristics of the neutral upper atmospheres (exospheres) and of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs). The ENA environment in the vicinity of the bodies is by itself a significant study field, but ENAs are also used as a diagnostic tool for the exosphere and the interaction with the upstream plasmas. Synergy between theoretical and modeling work has also improved considerably. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of our understanding of the neutral environment in the vicinity of unmagnetized planets.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Jean-François LandryJean-Pierre DussaultPhilippe Mahey
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'Optimisation des Systèmes

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2011
• Auteurs : Xavier PuéchalThierry BienvenuEmmanuelle GéninJean-Marie BerthelotJean SibiliaPhilippe GaudinChristian MarcelliSandra LasbleizLaëtitia MichouFrançois CornélisAndré KahanDaniel J Dusser
• Organismes : Service de rhumatologie [CHU Cochin] Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans) Service de biochimie et de génétique moléculaire [CHU Cochin] Laboratoire Charles Friedel Service de rhumatologie [Nantes] Physiopathologie des arthrites Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg] Hôpital Michallon Groupe de Recherche et d’Étude du Processus Inflammatoire Service de Rhumatologie [CHU Caen] Hôpital Côte de Nacre [CHU Caen] Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans) Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France Laboratoire de recherche européen pour la polyarthrite rhumatoïde Laboratoire de recherche européen pour la polyarthrite rhumatoïde Laboratoire de recherche européen pour la polyarthrite rhumatoïde Service de rhumatologie [CHU Cochin] Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 AP-HP - Hôpital Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu [Paris]
• Publié dans Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Objectives: In cystic fibrosis, mutations of the CFTR gene lead to diffuse bronchiectasis (DB). DB is also associated with other diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in which the role of genetic factors in the predisposition to DB remains unclear. Methods: A family-based association study was carried out to determine whether the frequency of CFTR mutations was higher in patients with RA-associated DB and to determine whether a causal relationship could be established between the variant and the disease by evaluating its cosegregation with DB within families. Families of probands with RA-DB were included if one first-degree relative had RA and/or DB. The controls comprised healthy subjects requesting genetic counselling because their partner had cystic fibrosis. Results: The frequency of CFTR mutations was higher in family members with RA-DB or DB only than in unaffected relatives (p<0.005 for each comparison) and in unrelated healthy controls (p<0.001 for each comparison) but not in family members with RA only. CFTR mutations were more frequent in family members with RA-DB than in those with RA only (OR 5.30, 95% CI 2.48 to 11.33; p<5×10-5). They cosegregated with RA-DB in the families (sib-TDT=10.82, p=0.005). Conclusions: RA-DB should be added to the list of phenotypes in which CFTR mutations are pathogenic. CFTR mutation is the first genetic defect linked to an extra-articular feature of RA to be described. CFTR mutations in patients with RA appear to be an important marker of the risk of associated DB, which has been linked to a less favourable prognosis.

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