Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Philippe BonnardRoger SombiéFrancois-Xavier LescureAlain BougoumaJean-Baptiste Guiard-SchmidThierry PoynardPaul CalèsChantal HoussetPatrice CallardCatherine Le PendevenJoseph DraboFabrice CarratGilles Pialoux
• Organismes : CHU Tenon [AP-HP] Service d’Hépato-gastroentérologie [Ouagadougou, Burkina-Faso] CHU Tenon [AP-HP] Unité de Réseau d'Epidémiologie Clinique International Francophone Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo [Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso] CHU Tenon [AP-HP] CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Hémodynamique, Interaction Fibrose et Invasivité tumorales Hépatiques CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] CHU Tenon [AP-HP] Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 CHU Tenon [AP-HP] Service de Médecine interne Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation CHU Tenon [AP-HP]
• Publié dans American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene le 25/10/2020

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Résumé :

AbstractLiver fibrosis (LF) must be assessed before talking treatment decisions in hepatitis B. In Burkina Faso, liver biopsy (LB) remains the “gold standard” method for this purpose. Access to treatment might be simpler if reliable alternative techniques for LF evaluation were available. The hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients who underwent LB was invited to have liver stiffness measurement (Fibroscan) and serum marker assays. Fifty-nine patients were enrolled. The performance of each technique for distinguishing F0F1 from F2F3F4 was compared. The area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves was 0.61, 0.71, 0.79, 0.82, and 0.87 for the aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI), Fib-4, Fibrotest, Fibrometre, and Fibroscan. Elastometric thresholds were identified for significant fibrosis and cirrhosis. Combined use of Fibroscan and a serum marker could avoid 80% of biopsies. This study shows that the results of alternative methods concord with those of histology in HBV-infected patients in Burkina Faso. These alternative techniques could help physicians to identify patients requiring treatment.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : T. d'OrgevalJean-Philippe BoulangerM.J. CapalboE. GuevaraOlga C. PenalbaS. Meira
• Organismes : Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Pergamino, Argentina Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Pergamino, Argentina Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Pergamino, Argentina
• Publié dans Climatic Change le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : The present article is a contribution to the CLARIS WorkPackage "Climate and Agriculture", and aims at testing whether it is possible to predict yields and optimal sowing dates using seasonal climate information at three sites (Pergamino, Marcos Juarez and Anguil) which are representative of different climate and soil conditions in Argentina. Considering that we focus on the use of climate information only, and that official long time yield series are not always reliable and often influenced by both climate and technology changes, we decided to build a dataset with yields simulated by the DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) crop model, already calibrated in the selected three sites and for the two crops of interest (maize and soybean). We simulated yields for three different sowing dates for each crop in each of the three sites. Also considering that seasonal forecasts have a higher skill when using the 3-month average precipitation and temperature forecasts, and that regional climate change scenarios present less uncertainty at similar temporal scales, we decided to focus our analysis on the use of quarterly precipitation and temperature averages, measured at the three sites during the crop cycle. This type of information is used as input (predictand) for non-linear statistical methods (Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines, MARS; and classification trees) in order to predict yields and their dependency to the chosen sowing date. MARS models show that the most valuable information to predict yield amplitude is the 3-month average precipitation around flowering. Classification trees are used to estimate whether climate information can be used to infer an optimal sowing date in order to optimize yields. In order to simplify the problem, we set a default sowing date (the most representative for the crop and the site) and compare the yield amplitudes between such a default date and possible alternative dates sometimes used by farmers. Above normal average temperatures at the beginning and the end of the crop cycle lead to respectively later and earlier optimal sowing. Using this classification, yields can be potentially improved by changing sowing date for maize but it is more limited for soybean. More generally, the sites and crops which have more variable yields are also the ones for which the proposed methodology is the most efficient. However, a full evaluation of the accuracy of seasonal forecasts should be the next step before confirming the reliability of this methodology under real conditions. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Naima G Cortes-PerezCatherine SapinLoïc JaffreloSabine DaouJean Pierre GrillPhilippe LangellaPhilippe SeksikLaurent BeaugerieSerge ChwetzoffGermain Trugnan
• Organismes : Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP] Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP] Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 Trafic Membranaire et Signalisation Dans les Cellules Epitheliales
• Publié dans Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology le 24/10/2020

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Résumé : The delivery of bioactive molecules directly to damaged tissues represents a technological challenge. We propose here a new system based on virus-like particles (VLP) from rotavirus, with a marked tropism for the gut to deliver bio-active molecules to intestinal cells. For this, nonreplicative VLP nanoparticles were constructed using a baculovirus expression system and used to deliver an exogenous biomolecule, the green fluorescent protein (GFP), into either MA104 cells or intestinal cells from healthy and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-treated mice. Our results show that expression of rotavirus capsid proteins in baculovirus led to the auto assembly of VLP that display similar properties to rotavirus. In vitro experiments showed that VLP were able to enter into MA104 cells and deliver the reporter protein. Intragastric administration of fluorescent VLP in healthy and TNBS-treated mice resulted in the detection of GFP and viral proteins in intestinal samples. Our results demonstrate an efficient entry of non-replicative rotavirus VLP into the epithelial cell line MA104 and provide the first in vivo evidence of the potential of these nanoparticles as a promising safe candidate for drug delivery to intestinal cells.

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Fichiers liés : 317545_1.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Philippe AndreyKien KiêuClémence KressGaetan LehmannLeila TirichineZichuan LiuEric BiotPierre AdenotCatherine Hue-BeauvaisNicole Houba-HérinVéronique DuranthonEve DevinoyNathalie BeaujeanValérie GaudinYves MaurinMarie Pascale Debey
• Organismes : Neurobiologie de l'Olfaction et Modélisation en Imagerie Institut Fédératif de Recherche 144 (NeuroSud Paris) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 Unité de recherche Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées Unité de recherche génomique et physiologie de la lactation Biologie du développement et reproduction Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin Biologie du développement et reproduction Neurobiologie de l'Olfaction et Modélisation en Imagerie Institut Fédératif de Recherche 144 (NeuroSud Paris) Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin Biologie du développement et reproduction Unité de recherche génomique et physiologie de la lactation Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin Biologie du développement et reproduction Unité de recherche génomique et physiologie de la lactation Biologie du développement et reproduction Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin Neurobiologie de l'Olfaction et Modélisation en Imagerie Institut Fédératif de Recherche 144 (NeuroSud Paris) Biologie du développement et reproduction
• Publié dans PLoS Computational Biology le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : In eukaryotes, the interphase nucleus is organized in morphologically and/or functionally distinct nuclear ‘compartments’’. Numerous studies highlight functional relationships between the spatial organization of the nucleus and gene regulation. This raises the question of whether nuclear organization principles exist and, if so, whether they are identical in the animal and plant kingdoms. We addressed this issue through the investigation of the three-dimensional distribution of the centromeres and chromocenters. We investigated five very diverse populations of interphase nuclei at different differentiation stages in their physiological environment, belonging to rabbit embryos at the 8-cell and blastocyst stages, differentiated rabbit mammary epithelial cells during lactation, and differentiated cells of Arabidopsis thaliana plantlets. We developed new tools based on the processing of confocal images and a new statistical approach based on G- and Fdistance functions used in spatial statistics. Our original computational scheme takes into account both size and shape variability by comparing, for each nucleus, the observed distribution against a reference distribution estimated by Monte- Carlo sampling over the same nucleus. This implicit normalization allowed similar data processing and extraction of rules in the five differentiated nuclei populations of the three studied biological systems, despite differences in chromosome number, genome organization and heterochromatin content. We showed that centromeres/chromocenters form significantly more regularly spaced patterns than expected under a completely random situation, suggesting that repulsive constraints or spatial inhomogeneities underlay the spatial organization of heterochromatic compartments. The proposed technique should be useful for identifying further spatial features in a wide range of cell types.

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Fichiers liés : 2010_Andrey_pcbi_1.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Ouvrage (y compris édition critique et traduction)
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Annick RichardPhilippe BarralAlain DaubigneyGilbert KaenelClaude MordantJean-François Piningre
• Organismes : Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) Archéologies, Cultures et Sociétés Archéologies, Cultures et Sociétés

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• Type de publi. : Autre publication
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Philippe Moulis
• Organismes : Religions et croyances LAboratoire de Recherche Historique Rhône-Alpes - UMR5190
• Publié dans Publications électroniques de Port-Royal le 26/03/2025

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Résumé : Le 1er mars 1717 les évêques de Boulogne-sur-Mer, de Mirepoix, de Montpellier et de Senez déposèrent en Sorbonne un appel de la bulle Unigenitus au concile général. Ce premier appel entraîna une majorité du clergé parisien et des ecclésiastiques de 36 diocèses. Au total, 16 prélats, puis 6500 à 7000 ecclésiastiques, entre 1717 et 1728, furent les appelants de la bulle. À partir de l'ouvrage de Gabriel-Nicolas Nivelle, nous avons dénombré, pour les années 1717 et 1718, 140 actes d'appels émanant du diocèse de Boulogne-sur-Mer : 12 chanoines du chapitre cathédral de Boulogne, un vicaire général, 9 vicaires, 22 ecclésiastiques séculiers, 1 carmes, 17 oratoriens de la maison de Boulogne et 12 bénédictins de l’abbaye de Samer et surtout 66 curés. Ce qui signifie que 23,65 % des curés de ce diocèse adhérèrent à cette Appel. Cette singularité provinciale est-elle l’oeuvre du prélat boulonnais ou bien a-t-elle des origines antérieures ? Dans un premier temps, nous tenterons de comprendre ce mouvement en étudiant la carrière et le réseau des partisans de Port-Royal demeurant dans l’évêché boulonnais au XVIIe siècle ; puis nous aborderons l’épiscopat janséniste de Pierre de Langle, évêque de Boulogne-sur-Mer de 1698 à 1724 en attachant un intérêt particulier aux ecclésiastiques à charge d’âmes, c’est-à-dire aux curés ; et enfin nous examinerons la répression du jansénisme à partir de 1725.

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Fichiers liés : Le_courant_janséniste.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Philippe Rygiel
• Organismes : LAboratoire de Recherche Historique Rhône-Alpes - UMR5190 Savoirs
• Publié dans Memoria e Ricerca, Rivista di storia contemporanea le 21/10/2020

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Résumé : reti-sapere-territorio, ENS Chiunque abbia dovuto spiegare agli studenti che cosa fosse l'inchiesta storica, o tentato di fornire loro qualche regola per permettergli di svolgere in modo corretto i loro lavori, sa che il compito è difficile e che non è disponibile nessuna descrizione semplificativa. Sperando di riuscirci, e questo è forse un riflesso da storico, siamo tentati di rivolgerci verso coloro che sono presi per i fondatori, un po' mitizzati, della disciplina, i Greci, e i loro continuatori romani che praticano una historia il cui nome rimanda direttamente a quello di inchiesta. Sfortunatamente, Erodoto o Tucidide non ci hanno lasciato nessun trattato nel quale spiegano il modo in cui deve procedere colui che vuole tentare una simile impresa. Dobbiamo dunque ripiegare su un continuatore romano, Luciano di Samosata, sul quale dei buoni testi 3 ci dicono che sia l'autore dell'unico manuale storiografico che l'antichità ci abbia lasciato. Il suo testo 4 , scritto intorno al 165, si adatta proprio al nostro caso. Prima di presentarci la figura dello storico ideale, di descriverci il modus operandi che egli deve seguire e di fornirci dei consigli per la redazione dell'opera tenendo presente il suo percorso, elenca per prima cosa tutto quello che uno storico non deve fare. Leggendolo ci immaginiamo un canuto universitario che inveisce contro i dilettanti o contro tutti quelli che pensano che si possa scrivere la storia senza preoccuparsi di apprendere le regole del mestiere: " Eppure la maggioranza di noi crede di non avere più bisogno di consigli per la loro impresa di quanti non ne servano per camminare, vedere o mangiare. Pensano che scrivere la storia sia una cosa semplicissima, alla portata di tutti quelli che riescono ad esprimere chiaramente tutto quello che viene loro in mente 5 ".

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Fichiers liés : TraduzioneRygielprHal.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Chapître d'ouvrage
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe BabauPhilippe DhaussyPierre-Yves Pillain
• Organismes : Lab-STICC_UBO_CACS_MOCS Laboratoire d'Informatique des Systèmes Complexes Département STIC [Brest] Département STIC [Brest]

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Résumé : The paper proposes to integrate design and formal modelling approaches, based on MARTE, IF and CDL, to evaluate different possible uses and configurations of a data acquisition software component. The uses are related to actor's (sensor and application) behaviour and configurations are related to implementation parameterization. Evaluation considers safety and performance properties, delay evaluation, and are automatically evaluated by OBP tool. The work is illustrated via an example to show the impact of parameters and contextual use on software acquisition driver performances. Using this tool, it is possible to tune the driver's parameters to get the required performances, in term of delays, for a certain context use. The approach is applied to sensor monitoring applications.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Philippe CinquinChantal GondranF. GiroudSimon MazabrardAymeric PellissierFrancois BoucherJean-Pierre AlcarazKarine GorgyFrançois LenouvelStéphane MathéPaolo PorcuSerge Cosnier
• Organismes : Gestes Medico-chirurgicaux Assistés par Ordinateur Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Biosystèmes Electrochimiques et Analytiques Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Biosystèmes Electrochimiques et Analytiques Département de Chimie Moléculaire Département de Chimie Moléculaire Physiologie cardio-Respiratoire Expérimentale Théorique et Appliquée Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 Plastes et Différenciation Cellulaire Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Biosystèmes Electrochimiques et Analytiques Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Biosystèmes Electrochimiques et Analytiques
• Publié dans PLoS ONE le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : Powering future generations of implanted medical devices will require cumbersome transcutaneous energy transfer or harvesting energy from the human body. No functional solution that harvests power from the body is currently available, despite attempts to use the Seebeck thermoelectric effect, vibrations or body movements. Glucose fuel cells appear more promising, since they produce electrical energy from glucose and dioxygen, two substrates present in physiological fluids. The most powerful ones, Glucose BioFuel Cells (GBFCs), are based on enzymes electrically wired by redox mediators. However, GBFCs cannot be implanted in animals, mainly because the enzymes they rely on either require low pH or are inhibited by chloride or urate anions, present in the Extra Cellular Fluid (ECF). Here we present the first functional implantable GBFC, working in the retroperitoneal space of freely moving rats. The breakthrough relies on the design of a new family of GBFCs, characterized by an innovative and simple mechanical confinement of various enzymes and redox mediators: enzymes are no longer covalently bound to the surface of the electron collectors, which enables use of a wide variety of enzymes and redox mediators, augments the quantity of active enzymes, and simplifies GBFC construction. Our most efficient GBFC was based on composite graphite discs containing glucose oxidase and ubiquinone at the anode, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and quinone at the cathode. PPO reduces dioxygen into water, at pH 7 and in the presence of chloride ions and urates at physiological concentrations. This GBFC, with electrodes of 0.133 mL, produced a peak specific power of 24.4 microW mL(-1), which is better than pacemakers' requirements and paves the way for the development of a new generation of implantable artificial organs, covering a wide range of medical applications.

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Fichiers liés : 2010_PLoSONE_PC_.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Maëlenn GuerchetPascal M'BelessoAlain Maxime MouangaBébène Ndamba-BandzouziAndré TaboDismand Stephan HouinatoMoussiliou Noël ParaïsoPascale Cowppli-BonyPhilippe NubukpoVictor AboyansJean-Pierre ClémentJean-François DartiguesPierre-Marie Preux
• Organismes : Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Centre de Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches [Limoges] Hôpital Psychiatrique La Valette Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges] Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Centre de Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches [Limoges] Service de Psychiatrie [CHU Limoges] Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux] Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Service de l'Information Médicale et de l'Évaluation [CHU Limoges] Laboratoire de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale
• Publié dans Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND: Data on dementia from low- and middle-income countries are still necessary to quantify the burden of this condition. This multicenter cross-sectional study aimed at estimating the prevalence of dementia in 2 large cities of Central Africa. METHODS: General population door-to-door surveys were conducted in the districts of Bangui (Republic of Central Africa) and Brazzaville (Congo) in elderly aged ≥ 65 years. The subjects were screened with the Community Screening Interview for Dementia and the Five-Words Test. Diagnosis of dementia was made according to the DSM-IV criteria and to the clinical criteria proposed by the NINCDS-ADRDA for Alzheimer's disease. RESULTS: We enrolled 496 subjects in Bangui and 520 in Brazzaville. The prevalence of dementia was estimated at 8.1% (95% CI = 5.8-10.8) in Bangui and 6.7% (95% CI = 4.7-9.2) in Brazzaville. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dementia in urban areas of Central Africa is close to those observed in high-income countries.

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