Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 12/07/2009
• Auteurs : Gabriel VasileJean-Philippe OvarlezFrédéric Pascal
• Organismes : GIPSA - Signal Images Physique ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau] CentraleSupélec

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Résumé : In the context of non-Gaussian polarimetric clutter models, this paper presents an application of the recent advances in the field of Spherically Invariant Random Vectors (SIRV) modelling for coherency matrix estimation in heterogeneous clutter. The complete description of the POLSAR data set is achieved by estimating the span and the normalized co-herency independently. The normalized coherency describes the polarimetric diversity, while the span indicates the total received power. Based on the SIRV model, a new maximum likelihood distance measure is introduced for unsupervised POLSAR segmentation. The proposed method is tested with airborne POLSAR images provided by the RAMSES system.

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Fichiers liés : 1379_vasile.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 12/07/2009
• Auteurs : Lionel BombrunJean-Marie BeaulieuGabriel VasileJean-Philippe OvarlezFrédéric PascalMichel Gay
• Organismes : GIPSA - Signal Images Physique Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering [Québec] GIPSA - Signal Images Physique ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Palaiseau] Sondra, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay (COmUE) GIPSA - Signal Images Physique GIPSA-Services

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Résumé : In this paper, heterogeneous clutter models are introduced to describe Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) data. Based on the Spherically Invariant Random Vectors (SIRV) estimation scheme, the scalar texture parameter and the normalized covariance matrix are extracted. If the texture parameter is modeled by a Fisher PDF, the observed target scattering vector follows a KummerU PDF. Then, this PDF is implemented in a hierarchical segmentation algorithm. Segmentation results are shown on high resolution PolSAR data at L and X band.

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Fichiers liés : Bombrun09_IGARSS.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 07/07/2009
• Auteurs : Fabrice BethuelPhilippe GravejatJean-Claude SautDidier Smets
• Organismes : Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions
• Publié dans International Mathematics Research Notices le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : The fact that the Korteweg-de-Vries equation offers a good approximation of long-wave solutions of small amplitude to the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation was derived several years ago in the physical literature. In this paper, we provide a rigorous proof of this fact, and compute a precise estimate for the error term. Our proof relies on the integrability of both the equations. In particular, we give a relation between the invariants of the two equations, which, we hope, is of independent interest.

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Fichiers liés : BGSS-GPtoKdV-end.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 06/07/2009
• Auteurs : Julie AgopianJean-Marc NavarroAnne-Claire GacYannick LecluseMélanie BriandPierre GrenotPascal GauduchonPhilippe RuminyPierre LebaillyBertrand NadelSandrine Roulland
• Organismes : Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy Groupe Régional d'Etudes sur le CANcer Groupe Régional d'Etudes sur le CANcer Groupe Régional d'Etudes sur le CANcer Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy Groupe Régional d'Etudes sur le CANcer Groupe d'étude des proliférations lymphoïdes Groupe Régional d'Etudes sur le CANcer Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy
• Publié dans Journal of Experimental Medicine le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : The t(14;18) translocation constitutes the initiating event of a causative cascade leading to follicular lymphoma (FL). t(14;18) translocations are present in blood from healthy individuals, but there is a trend of increased prevalence in farmers exposed to pesticides, a group recently associated with higher risk of t(14;18)(+) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma development. A direct connection between agricultural pesticide use, t(14;18) in blood, and malignant progression, however, has not yet been demonstrated. We followed t(14;18) clonal evolution over 9 yr in a cohort of farmers exposed to pesticides. We show that exposed individuals bear particularly high t(14;18) frequencies in blood because of a dramatic clonal expansion of activated t(14;18)(+) B cells. We further demonstrate that such t(14;18)(+) clones recapitulate the hallmark features of developmentally blocked FL cells, with some displaying aberrant activation-induced cytidine deaminase activity linked to malignant progression. Collectively, our data establish that expanded t(14;18)(+) clones constitute bona fide precursors at various stages of FL development, and provide a molecular connection between agricultural pesticide exposure, t(14;18) frequency in blood, and clonal progression.

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Fichiers liés : jem_20082842.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 03/07/2009
• Auteurs : Carine LaurentPhilippe VoisinJean-Pierre Pouget
• Organismes : Aliments Bioprocédés Toxicologie Environnements Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque
• Publié dans International Journal of Radiation Biology le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : Purpose: This in vitro study aims at evaluating the effect of the combination of pentoxifylline (PTX) and trolox (Tx), the water-soluble analogue of α-tocopherol, on the oxidative state and DNA damage in dermal microvascular endothelial cells exposed to doses up to 10 Gy of ionizing radiation. Materials and methods: Confluent primary cultures of dermal endothelial cells were gamma irradiated at 3 and 10 Gy, and 0.5 mM of both drugs, PTX and Tx, was added either before (15 min) or after (30 min or 24 h) irradiation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), measured by the dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay, and DNA damage, assessed by the comet and micronucleus assays, were measured at different times after exposure (0 – 21 days). Results: The PTX/Tx treatment decreased the early and delayed peak of ROS production by a factor of 2.8 in 10 Gy-irradiated cells immediately after irradiation and the basal level by a factor of 2 in non-irradiated control cells. Moreover, the level of DNA strand breaks, as measured by the comet assay, was shown to be reduced by half immediately after irradiation when the PTX/Tx treatment was added 15 min before irradiation. However, unexpectedly, it was decreased to a similar extent when the drugs were added 30 min after radiation exposure. This reduction was accompanied by a 2.2- and 3.6-fold higher yield in the micronuclei (MN) frequency observed on days 10 and 14 post-irradiation, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest that oxidative stress and DNA damage induced in dermal microvascular endothelial cells by radiation can be modulated by early PTX/Tx treatment. These drugs acted not only as radical scavengers, but they were also responsible for the increased MN frequency in 10 Gy-irradiated cells. Thus, these drugs may cause a possible interference with DNA repair processes.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2009
• Auteurs : Xiangjun MengMili LeyvaMarjorie JennyIsabelle GrossSamir BenosmanBastien FrickerSébastien HarleppPascal HebraudA. BoosPauline WlosikPierre BischoffClaude SirlinMichel PfefferJean-Philippe LoefflerChristian Gaiddon
• Organismes : Laboratoire de signalisation moléculaire et neurodégénerescence Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg Laboratoire de signalisation moléculaire et neurodégénerescence De l'homéostasie tissulaire au cancer et à l'inflammation Laboratoire de signalisation moléculaire et neurodégénerescence Laboratoire de signalisation moléculaire et neurodégénerescence Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg Département Sciences Analytiques et Interactions Ioniques et Biomoléculaires Laboratoire de signalisation moléculaire et neurodégénerescence Progression tumorale et microenvironnement. Approches translationnelles et épidémiologie Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg Laboratoire de signalisation moléculaire et neurodégénerescence Laboratoire de signalisation moléculaire et neurodégénerescence
• Publié dans Cancer Research le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : Cisplatin-derived anticancer therapy has been used for three decades despite its side effects. Other types of organometallic complexes, namely, some ruthenium-derived compounds (RDC), which would display cytotoxicity through different modes of action, might represent alternative therapeutic agents. We have studied both in vitro and in vivo the biological properties of RDC11, one of the most active compounds of a new class of RDCs that contain a covalent bond between the ruthenium atom and a carbon. We showed that RDC11 inhibited the growth of various tumors implanted in mice more efficiently than cisplatin. Importantly, in striking contrast with cisplatin, RDC11 did not cause severe side effects on the liver, kidneys, or the neuronal sensory system. We analyzed the mode of action of RDC11 and showed that RDC11 interacted poorly with DNA and induced only limited DNA damages compared with cisplatin, suggesting alternative transduction pathways. Indeed, we found that target genes of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, such as Bip, XBP1, PDI, and CHOP, were activated in RDC11-treated cells. Induction of the transcription factor CHOP, a crucial mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis, was also confirmed in tumors treated with RDC11. Activation of CHOP led to the expression of several of its target genes, including proapoptotic genes. In addition, the silencing of CHOP by RNA interference significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of RDC11. Altogether, our results led us to conclude that RDC11 acts by an atypical pathway involving CHOP and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and thus might provide an interesting alternative for anticancer therapy.

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Fichiers liés : 5458.full.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2009
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe DubusChristophe GonzalesPatrice Perny
• Organismes : DECISION DECISION DECISION

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Résumé : This paper deals with multiobjective optimization in the context of multiattribute utility theory. The alternatives (feasible solutions) are seen as elements of a product set of attributes and preferences over solutions are represented by generalized additive decomposable (GAI) utility functions modeling individual preferences or criteria. Due to decomposability, utility vectors attached to solutions can be compiled into a graphical structure closely related to junction trees, the so-called GAI net. We first show how the structure of the GAI net can be used to determine efficiently the exact set of Pareto-optimal solutions in a product set and provide numerical tests on random instances. Since the exact determination of the Pareto set is intractable in worst case, we propose a near admissible algorithm with performance guarantee, exploiting the GAI structure to approximate the set of Pareto optimal solutions. We present numerical experimentations, showing that both utility decomposition and approximation significantly improve resolution times in multiobjective search problems.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2009
• Auteurs : Ke LiDavid HewsonJean-Yves HogrelPhilippe DejardinJacques Duchene
• Organismes : Lumière, nanomatériaux et nanotechnologies University of Bedfordshire Thérapie des maladies du muscle strié Institut Européen des membranes Laboratoire Modélisation et Sûreté des Systèmes

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2009
• Auteurs : Jamal El BakaliFrédérique KlupschAurore GuédinBertrand BrassartGaelle FontaineAmaury FarcePascal RousselRaymond HoussinJean-Luc BernierPhilippe ChavatteJean‐louis MergnyJean-François RiouJean-Pierre Hénichart
• Organismes : Régulation et dynamique des génomes Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - UMR CNRS 7369 Chimie organique et macromoléculaire Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide - UMR 8181 Acides Nucléiques : Régulations Naturelle et Artificielle Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement
• Publié dans Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters le 28/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2009
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe DubusChristophe GonzalesPatrice Perny
• Organismes : DECISION DECISION DECISION

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Résumé : This paper deals with Decision-Making in the context of multiattribute utility theory and, more precisely, with the problem of efficiently determining the best alternative w.r.t. an agent’s preferences (choice problem). We assume that alternatives are elements of a product set of attributes and that the agent’s preferences are represented by a generalized additive decomposable (GAI) utility on this set. Such a function allows an efficient representation of interactions between attributes while preserving some decomposability of the model. GAI utilities can be compiled into graphical structures called GAI networks that can be exploited to solve choice problems using collect/distribute schemes essentially similar to those used in Bayesian networks. In this paper, rather than directly using this scheme on the GAI network for determining the most preferred alternative, we propose to work with another GAI function, acting as an upper-bound on utility values and enhancing the model’s decomposability. This method still provides the exact optimal solution but speeds up significantly the search. It proves to be particularly useful when dealing with choice and ranking under constraints and within collective Decision-Making, where GAI nets tend to have a large size. We present an efficient algorithm for determining this new GAI function and provide experimental results highlighting the practical efficiency of our procedure.

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