Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 04/01/2010
• Auteurs : Céline MothesMaud LarregolaJean QuancardNicole GoasdouéSolange LavielleGérard ChassaingOlivier LequinPhilippe Karoyan
• Organismes : Synthèse, Structure et Fonction de Molécules Bioactives Genzyme Pharmaceuticals LLC Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 Synthèse, Structure et Fonction de Molécules Bioactives Synthèse, Structure et Fonction de Molécules Bioactives Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6
• Publié dans ChemBioChem le 29/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Mira DidicJean‐philippe RanjevaEmmanuel J. BarbeauSylviane Confort-GounyYann Le FurOlivier FelicianJulien ManciniMichel PoncetMathieu CeccaldiPatrick J Cozzone
• Organismes : Service de neurologie et de neuropsychologie Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale Service de neurologie et de neuropsychologie Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale Service de Santé Publique et d'Information Médicale Epilepsies, Lesions Cerebrales et Systemes Neuraux de la Cognition Service de neurologie et de neuropsychologie Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale
• Publié dans Journal of Alzheimer's Disease le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : In the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), neurofibrillary tangles develop in the mesial temporal lobe (MTL), first in the anterior subhippocampal (perirhinal/entorhinal) cortex and then in the hippocampal formation. This region plays a key role in visualrecognition memory (VRM). VRM has been reported to be impaired in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). The aim of the present study was to determine if an impairment of VRM is associated with metabolic changes in the MTL using magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging and if evaluating VRM can contribute to the early diagnosis of AD. 28 patients with aMCI and 28 controls underwent a full neuropsychological assessment including an evaluation of VRM using the DMS48. NAA/mIno ratios, reduced in patients with AD and associated with the severity of pathological changes, were determined in the MTL. aMCI-patients were further divided into two subgroups according to their VRM performance. aMCI-patients showed decreased NAA/mIno levels in the right hippocampus compared with controls. aMCI-patients with impaired VRM showed decreased NAA/mIno ratios in the MTL bilaterally, including a region that sampled the left anterior subhippocampal cortex, compared to controls. No changes were found in aMCI patients with normal VRM. Performance on the DMS48 correlated with NAA/mIno levels in the anterior MTL. Clinical 6-year follow-up data (available for 78.6% of the aMCI-patients) indicates that impaired performance on the DMS48 could predict conversion to AD with a sensitivity and specificity of 81.8%. These findings provide further evidence that impaired VRM, as a hallmark of MTL dysfunction, may contribute to the early diagnosis of AD.

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• Type de publi. : Ouvrage (y compris édition critique et traduction)
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Jean Louis DurvillePierre GuilleminPhilippe Berthet RambaudDidier Subrin
• Organismes : Conseil Général de l'Environnement et du Développement Durable Centre d'études techniques de l'équipement de Lyon Centre d'études techniques de l'équipement de Lyon Centre d'études techniques de l'équipement de Lyon

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Résumé : Ce rapport de recherche présente un état de l'art relatif à la conception et au dimensionnement de sept dispositifs de protection contre les chutes de pierres et de blocs, parmi les plus employés. On y trouvera les références bibliographiques nécessaires à la compréhension du fonctionnement de ces ouvrages particuliers ainsi qu'une synthèse sur la pratique du dimensionnement des ouvrages, mise en oeuvre notamment par le LRPC de Lyon. Il apparaît très clairement que les connaissances actuelles sur le comportement de la plupart de ces dispositifs sont encore fragmentaires et des travaux de recherche sont nécessaires pour progresser. Les résultats tirés d'expérimentations telles que celles qui seront menées sur la station d'essais sur les ouvrages pare-blocs, permettront de valider les modélisations dynamiques et de mettre au point des méthodes simplifiées de dimensionnement. Les expérimentations effectuées sur les barres d'ancrage doivent permettre, à terme, de produire une synthèse à caractère opérationnel. L'observation in situ du comportement des ouvrages déflecteurs devrait également permettre de relier leur performance réelle aux essais sur éléments et ainsi de déboucher sur un dimensionnement raisonné.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Ariane DeneuvePhilippe DruaultR. MarchianoPierre Sagaut
• Organismes : Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert Modélisation, Propagation et Imagerie Acoustique Modélisation, Propagation et Imagerie Acoustique Fluides Réactifs et Turbulence
• Publié dans Journal of Fluid Mechanics le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Defining and identifying the aeroacoustic sources in a turbulent flow is a great challenge especially for noise control strategy. The purpose of the present Study consists in proposing a new methodology to localize regions associated with sound generation. These regions are associated, in the present work, with those of high sensitivity of the acoustic field, using the heuristic argument that modifying the flow in these regions would lead to a very significant change in the radiated noise. The proposed method relies on the efficient coupling between the time-reversal theory applied to the Euler equations and the complex differentiation method to compute the sensitivity variable. To the knowledge of the authors, tills is the first time that the time-reversal technique is applied to vectorial hydrodynamic equations, in place of the classical scalar wave equation. Subsequently, regions associated with sound generation are related to spatiotemporal events which exhibit the maximum of sensitivity to acoustical disturbances measured in far field. The proposed methodology is then successively tested on three cases for which the nature of the Source is different: injection of mass, vibrating surfaces and flow instabilities arising in a plane mixing layer flow. For each test case, the two-dimensional Euler equations are solved using a numerical solver based on a pseudo-characteristies formulation. During these computations flow, variables are stored only at the Computational boundaries. These variables are time reversed and relevant information concerning the acoustical disturbances is tagged using complex differentiation in order to lead the sensitivity analysis. The same numerical solver is used to access the evolution of the time-reversed variables. In each test case, the proposed methodology allows to localize successfully zones associated with noise generation.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Florentina RafaelCatherine-Marie DubreuilFrancis BurbaudDuc Si TranJean-Pierre ClémentPierre-Marie PreuxPhilippe Nubukpo
• Organismes : Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Service Universitaire de la Formation Permanente Observatoire Régional de la Santé Limousin Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Centre de Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches [Limoges] Service de Psychiatrie [CHU Limoges] Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Service de l'Information Médicale et de l'Évaluation [CHU Limoges] Laboratoire de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Centre de Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches [Limoges] Hôpital Psychiatrique La Valette
• Publié dans Epilepsy & Behavior le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of people living in two French counties. The data were collected from 1777 adults in the general population who were interviewed. Knowledge of and attitudes toward epilepsy in these French samples proved largely favorable: 90.6% identified epilepsy as different from a mental disorder or lunacy, and 79.2% correctly identified epilepsy as a brain disorder. The majority agreed with the statements that people with epilepsy should have the opportunity to get married and that children with epilepsy should be allowed to go to school with others. However, gaps in knowledge and erroneous beliefs prevailed, notably among men, old people, and individuals with low levels of education. This study yielded encouraging results. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings and gain a better understanding of the contribution of French public knowledge to the causative factors generating stigma in France.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Celine StraczekPierre DucimetierePascale Barberger-GateauCatherine HelmerKaren RitchieXavier JouvenLaure CarcaillonPhilippe AmouyelChristophe TzourioJean‐philippe Empana
• Organismes : AVENIR Team 'Epidemiology of sudden cardiac death'
• Publié dans Journal of the American Geriatrics Society le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : OBJECTIVES: To assess the association between systemic C‐reactive protein (CRP) and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in community‐dwelling elderly people. DESIGN: A French population‐based multicenter prospective cohort study. SETTING: Three cities in France: Bordeaux in the southwest, Dijon in the northeast, and Montpellier in the southeast. PARTICIPANTS: After 4 years of follow‐up, a case–cohort study was designed including 1,004 subjects randomly selected from the initial cohort of 9,294 subjects free of CHD at baseline and 174 subjects who developed first CHD events during follow‐up. MEASUREMENTS: Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using a Cox proportional hazard model adapted for the case–cohort design using a CRP level less than 1 mg/L as the reference category. RESULTS: Of the random sample, 24.3% had a CRP level less than 1.0 mg/L, 45.8% had a CRP level of 1.0 to 2.9 mg/L, and 29.9% had a CRP level of 3.0 to 10.0 mg/L. The HRs for CHD, adjusted for age, sex, and study center, were 1.69 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.04–2.75) for CRP from 1.0 to 2.9 mg/L and 2.32 (95% CI=1.41–3.82) for CRP from 3.0 to 10.0 mg/L ( P for trend <.001). After additional adjustment for smoking, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, systolic blood pressure, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, statin use, and antihypertensive treatment, a baseline CRP of 3.0 to 10.0 mg/L remained associated with risk of CHD (HR=1.87, 95% CI=1.09–3.25), although CRP did not improve the discriminative ability of a predicting model based on traditional risk factors (receiver operating characteristic curves from 0.740 to 0.749). CONCLUSION: CRP is an independent CHD risk marker but does not improve CHD risk prediction in community‐dwelling elderly people.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Nadezda SukhorukovaAndrew StranieriBahadorreza OfoghiPeter VamplewM. SaleemLiping MaAdrien UgonJulien UgonNial MueckeHélène AmielCarole PhilippeAhmed Bani-MustafaShamsul HudaMarcello BertoliPierre LévyJean-Gabriel Ganascia
• Organismes : Agents Cognitifs et Apprentissage Symbolique Automatique Agents Cognitifs et Apprentissage Symbolique Automatique

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Résumé : The diagnosis of many sleep disorders is a labor intensive task that involves the specialised interpretation of numerous signals including brain wave, breath and heart rate captured in overnight polysomnogram sessions. The automation of diagnoses is challenging for data mining algorithms because the data sets are extremely large and noisy, the signals are complex and specialist's analyses vary. This work reports on the adaptation of approaches from four fields; neural networks, mathematical optimisation, financial forecasting and frequency domain analysis to the problem of automatically determining a patient's stage of sleep. Results, though preliminary, are promising and indicate that combined approaches may prove more fruitful than the reliance on a single approach.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Mhammed TouinssiNadège BrisebarreChristophe PicardCoralie FrassatiBertrand DussolRathviro UchPierre GallianJean-François CantaloubePhilippe de MiccoPhilippe Biagini
• Organismes : Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé
• Publié dans Emerging Infectious Diseases le 27/10/2020

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Fichiers liés : 09-0517_finalL.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Jean-Pierre RossiLéonide CeliniPhilippe MoraJérôme MathieuEmmanuel LapiedJohanne NahmaniJean-François PongePatrick Lavelle
• Organismes : Département écologie et biodiversité des milieux forestiers, prairiaux et aquatiques Sorbonne Université Sorbonne Université Sorbonne Université Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux Equipe Bioflux Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution Sorbonne Université
• Publié dans Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment le 21/10/2020

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Résumé : In the humid tropics, slash-and-burn cultivation causes changes in the composition of soil biota communities. We investigated the soil macro-invertebrates (body length 2 mm) in five sites, two at Maripasoula, an Aluku village along the Maroni river (French Guiana), with short fallow ( 8 years), and the other three at Elahe, a Wayana village along the same river, with long fallow ( 25 years). We report observed species richness, the corresponding estimates by bootstrap and its associated standard deviation. At both sites the cultivation led to impoverished communities. The overall observed species richness i.e. diversity was ca. twice as larger in Elahe than in Maripasoula. The landscape at Maripasoula was dominated by highly disturbed areas with the direct consequence that local species richness relied on colonization from an impoverished regional species pool. On the contrary, in Elahe, crops formed small patches scattered across a landscape essentially constituted of rich undisturbed or slightly disturbed forests hence higher diversity. The proportion of rare species ranged from 44% to 54%. We found 6 indicator species amongst which 5 were associated to the old secondary forest in Elahe and one, the earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus was associated to crop fields in Maripasoula (short fallow system). Results are discussed in a landscape context in terms of conservation and management of soil macrofaunal diversity in agro-ecosystems.

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Fichiers liés : AGEE4624R1.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2010
• Auteurs : Vincent CalvezNatacha LenuzzaMarie DoumicJean-Philippe DeslysFranck MouthonBenoît Perthame
• Organismes : Unité de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées Numerical Medicine Mathématiques Appliquées aux Systèmes - EA 4037 Institut des Maladies Emergentes et des Thérapies Innovantes Nonlinear Analysis for Biology and Geophysical flows Institut des Maladies Emergentes et des Thérapies Innovantes Institut des Maladies Emergentes et des Thérapies Innovantes Nonlinear Analysis for Biology and Geophysical flows Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions
• Publié dans Journal of Biological Dynamics le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : Models for the polymerization process involved in prion self-replication are well-established and studied [H. Engler, J. Pruss, and G.F. Webb, Analysis of a model for the dynamics of prions II, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 324 (2006), pp. 98-117; M.L. Greer, L. Pujo-Menjouet, and G.F. Webb, A mathematical analysis of the dynamics of prion proliferation, J. Theoret. Biol. 242 (2006), pp. 598-606; J. Pruss, L. Pujo-Menjouet, G.F. Webb, and R. Zacher, Analysis of a model for the dynamics of prions, Discrete Cont. Dyn. Sys. Ser. B 6(1) (2006), pp. 215-225] in the case where the dynamics coefficients do not depend on the size of polymers. However, several experimental studies indicate that the structure and size of the prion aggregates are determinant for their pathological effect. This motivated the analysis in Calvez et al. [Size distribution dependence of prion aggregates infectivity, Math Biosci. 217 (2009), pp. 88-99] where the authors take into account size-dependent replicative properties of prion aggregates. We first improve a result concerning the dynamics of prion aggregates when a pathological state exists (high production of the normal protein). Then we study the strain phenomena and more specifically we wonder what specific replicative properties are determinant in strain propagation. We propose to interpret it also as a dynamical property of size repartitions.

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