Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Philippe Bourmaud
• Organismes : Religions et croyances
• Publié dans Oriental Archive - Archiv Orientalni­ le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : The Arab community in Palestine asserted itself over the years of the British mandate through the promotion of various national symbols. Such a national symbol was the festival of the birth of Prophet Muhammad (al-Mawlid al-Nabawi), which nationalists wanted to turn into a Bastille-day-like occasion. Yet its denominational content, and geographical factors limited the success of this project. Yet the history of the Mawlid over the Mandate years reveals many of the dynamics, ups and downs of Palestinian national mobilization during the period.

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Fichiers liés : ArOr_2009.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Autre publication
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Szilard CsizmadiaStefan RennerPierre BargeEric AgolSuzanne AigrainRoi AlonsoJose Manuel Almenara VillaAldo Stefano BonomoP. BordéFrançois BouchyJuan CabreraHans J. DeegR. de La RezaMagali DeleuilRudolf DvorakAnders EriksonEike GuentherMalcolm C. FridlundPhilippe GondoinTristan GuillotArtie P. HatzesLaurent JordaH. LammerC. LazaroAlain LégerA. LlebariaPierre, MagainClaire MoutouMarc OllivierMartin PaetzoldDidier QuelozHeike RauerDaniel RouanJean SchneiderGünther WuchterlDavide Gandolfi
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Christelle RaffaitinHenri GinJean‐philippe EmpanaCatherine HelmerClaudine BerrChristophe TzourioFlorence PortetJean-François DartiguesAnnick AlpérovitchPascale Barberger-Gateau
• Organismes : Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux] Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux] Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique Neuroépidémiologie Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux] Neuroépidémiologie Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux]
• Publié dans Diabetes Care le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : OBJECTIVE: Associations between metabolic syndrome and its individual components with risk of incident dementia and its different subtypes are inconsistent. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The 7,087 community-dwelling subjects aged > or =65 years were recruited from the French Three-City (3C) cohort. Hazard ratios (over 4 years) of incident dementia and its subtypes (vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease) and association with metabolic syndrome (defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria) and its individual components (hypertension, large waist circumference, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and elevated fasting glycemia) were estimated in separate Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Metabolic syndrome was present in 15.8% of the study participants. The presence of metabolic syndrome increased the risk of incident vascular dementia but not Alzheimer's disease over 4 years, independent of sociodemographic characteristics and the apolipoprotein (apo) Eepsilon4 allele. High triglyceride level was the only component of metabolic syndrome that was significantly associated with the incidence of all-cause (hazard ratio 1.45 [95% CI 1.05-2.00]; P = 0.02) and vascular (2.27 [1.16-4.42]; P = 0.02) dementia, even after adjustment of the apoE genotype. Diabetes, but not impaired fasting glycemia, was significantly associated with all-cause (1.58 [1.05-2.38]; P = 0.03) and vascular (2.53 [1.15-5.66]; P = 0.03) dementia. CONCLUSIONS: The observed relation between high triglycerides, diabetes, and vascular dementia emphasizes the need for detection and treatment of vascular risk factors in older individuals in order to prevent the likelihood of clinical dementia.

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Fichiers liés : Smet_Dem_accepte_141008.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Marie TouchonClaire HoedeOlivier TenaillonValerie BarbeSimon BaeriswylPhilippe BidetEdouard BingenStéphane BonacorsiChristiane BouchierOdile BouvetA. CalteauHélène ChiapelloOlivier ClermontStéphane CruveillerAntoine DanchinMédéric DiardCarole DossatMeriem El KarouiEric FrapyLouis GarryJean Marc GhigoAnne Marie GillesJames R. JohnsonChantal Le BouguénecMathilde LescatSophie MangenotVanessa Martinez-JéhanneIvan MaticXavier NassifSophie OztasMarie-Agnès PetitChristophe PichonZoé RouyClaude Saint-RufDominique SchneiderJérôme TourretBenoît VacherieDavid VallenetClaudine MédigueEduardo P. C. RochaErick Denamur
• Organismes : Atelier de BioInformatique Génomique évolutive des microbes Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Génétique moléculaire, évolutive et médicale Université Paris 7 Université Paris 7 Université Paris 7 Génomique (Plate-Forme) - Genomics Platform Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes Génomique métabolique Mathématique, Informatique, et Génomique Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes Génomique métabolique Génétique des Génomes Bactériens Génétique moléculaire, évolutive et médicale Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Pathogénie des infections systémiques Pathogénie des infections systémiques Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes Génétique des Biofilms Génétique des Génomes Bactériens Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Medecine Pathogénie Bactérienne des Muqueuses Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Pathogénie Bactérienne des Muqueuses Génétique moléculaire, évolutive et médicale Pathogénie des infections systémiques Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Unité des Bactéries Lactiques et Pathogènes Opportunistes Pathogénie Bactérienne des Muqueuses Génomique métabolique Génétique moléculaire, évolutive et médicale Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Génomique métabolique Génomique métabolique Atelier de BioInformatique Génomique évolutive des microbes Ecologie et Evolution des Microorganismes
• Publié dans PLoS Genetics le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : The Escherichia coli species represents one of the best-studied model organisms, but also encompasses a variety of commensal and pathogenic strains that diversify by high rates of genetic change. We uniformly (re-) annotated the genomes of 20 commensal and pathogenic E. coli strains and one strain of E. fergusonii (the closest E. coli related species), including seven that we sequenced to completion. Within the approximately 18,000 families of orthologous genes, we found approximately 2,000 common to all strains. Although recombination rates are much higher than mutation rates, we show, both theoretically and using phylogenetic inference, that this does not obscure the phylogenetic signal, which places the B2 phylogenetic group and one group D strain at the basal position. Based on this phylogeny, we inferred past evolutionary events of gain and loss of genes, identifying functional classes under opposite selection pressures. We found an important adaptive role for metabolism diversification within group B2 and Shigella strains, but identified few or no extraintestinal virulence-specific genes, which could render difficult the development of a vaccine against extraintestinal infections. Genome flux in E. coli is confined to a small number of conserved positions in the chromosome, which most often are not associated with integrases or tRNA genes. Core genes flanking some of these regions show higher rates of recombination, suggesting that a gene, once acquired by a strain, spreads within the species by homologous recombination at the flanking genes. Finally, the genome's long-scale structure of recombination indicates lower recombination rates, but not higher mutation rates, at the terminus of replication. The ensuing effect of background selection and biased gene conversion may thus explain why this region is A+T-rich and shows high sequence divergence but low sequence polymorphism. Overall, despite a very high gene flow, genes co-exist in an organised genome.

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Fichiers liés : journal.pgen.1000344.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Olivier MoranneMarc FroissartJérôme RossertCédric GauciJean-Jacques BoffaJean-Philippe HaymannMona Ben M'RadChristian JacquotPascal HouillierBénédicte StengelBruno Fouqueray
• Organismes : Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique Service de physiologie, explorations fonctionnelles et radioisotopes [CHU HEGP] Service de physiologie, explorations fonctionnelles et radioisotopes [CHU HEGP] Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine Service de physiologie, explorations fonctionnelles et radioisotopes [CHU HEGP] Remodelage et Reparation du Tissu Renal CHU Tenon [AP-HP] Remodelage et Reparation du Tissu Renal CHU Tenon [AP-HP] CHU Tenon [AP-HP] Service de Néphrologie et Hémodialyse [CHU HEGP] Service de physiologie, explorations fonctionnelles et radioisotopes [CHU HEGP] Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique faculté de médecine
• Publié dans Journal of the American Society of Nephrology le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) guidelines recommend evaluating patients with GFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) for complications, but little evidence supports the use of a single GFR threshold for all metabolic disorders. We used data from the NephroTest cohort, including 1038 adult patients who had stages 2 through 5 CKD and were not on dialysis, to study the occurrence of metabolic complications. GFR was measured using renal clearance of (51)Cr-EDTA (mGFR) and estimated using two equations derived from the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study. As mGFR decreased from 60 to 90 to <20 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism increased from 17 to 85%, anemia from 8 to 41%, hyperphosphatemia from 1 to 30%, metabolic acidosis from 2 to 39%, and hyperkalemia from 2 to 42%. Factors most strongly associated with metabolic complications, independent of mGFR, were younger age for acidosis and hyperphosphatemia, presence of diabetes for acidosis, diabetic kidney disease for anemia, and both male gender and the use of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system for hyperkalemia. mGFR thresholds for detecting complications with 90% sensitivity were 50, 44, 40, 39, and 37 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) for hyperparathyroidism, anemia, acidosis, hyperkalemia, and hyperphosphatemia, respectively. Analysis using estimated GFR produced similar results. In summary, this study describes the onset of CKD-related complications at different levels of GFR; anemia and hyperparathyroidism occur earlier than acidosis, hyperkalemia, and hyperphosphatemia.

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Fichiers liés : Complications_JASN_Txt_HAL.pdf Complications_JASN_Tables_.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Fabrice BethuelPhilippe GravejatJean-Claude Saut
• Organismes : Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay
• Publié dans Communications in Mathematical Physics le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : The purpose of this paper is to provide a rigorous mathematical proof of the existence of travelling wave solutions to the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in dimensions two and three. Our arguments, based on minimization under constraints, yield a full branch of solutions, and extend earlier results, where only a part of the branch was built. In dimension three, we also show that there are no travelling wave solutions of small energy.

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Fichiers liés : TW-II-End.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Besma Ben AmorSonia WirthFrancisco MerchanPhilippe LaporteYves d'Aubenton-CarafaJudith HirschAlexis MaizelAllison MalloryAntoine LucasJean-Marc DeragonHervé VaucheretClaude ThermesMartin Crespi
• Organismes : Institut des sciences du végétal Institut des sciences du végétal Institut des sciences du végétal Institut des sciences du végétal Centre de génétique moléculaire Biomedal SL Institut des sciences du végétal Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Centre de génétique moléculaire Laboratoire Génome et développement des plantes Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Centre de génétique moléculaire Institut des sciences du végétal
• Publié dans Genome Research le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Long non-protein coding RNAs (npcRNA) represent an emerging class of riboregulators, which either act directly in this long form or are processed to shorter miRNA and siRNA. Genome-wide bioinformatic analysis of full-length cDNA databases identified 76 Arabidopsis npcRNAs. Fourteen npcRNAs were antisense to protein-coding mRNAs, suggesting cis-regulatory roles. Numerous 24-nt siRNA matched to five different npcRNAs, suggesting that these npcRNAs are precursors of this type of siRNA. Expression analyses of the 76 npcRNAs identified a novel npcRNA that accumulates in a dcl1 mutant but does not appear to produce trans-acting siRNA or miRNA. Additionally, another npcRNA was the precursor of miR869 and shown to be up-regulated in dcl4 but not in dcl1 mutants, indicative of a young miRNA gene. Abiotic stress altered the accumulation of 22 npcRNAs among the 76, a fraction significantly higher than that observed for the RNA binding protein-coding fraction of the transcriptome. Overexpression analyses in Arabidopsis identified two npcRNAs as regulators of root growth during salt stress and leaf morphology, respectively. Hence, together with small RNAs, long npcRNAs encompass a sensitive component of the transcriptome that have diverse roles during growth and differentiation.

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Fichiers liés : Publis09-bgpi-002_1.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Pierre CarpentierJean-Philippe ChancelierMichel de Lara
• Organismes : Optimisation et commande Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Mathématiques et Calcul Scientifique Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Mathématiques et Calcul Scientifique
• Publié dans SIAM Journal on Optimization le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : Motivated by the numerical resolution of stochastic optimization problems subject to measurability constraints, we focus upon the issue of discretization. There exist indeed two components to be discretized for such problems, namely, the random variable modelling uncertainties (noise) and the $\sigma$-field modelling the knowledge (information) according to which decisions are taken. There is no reason to bind these two discretizations, which are a priori unrelated. In this setting, we present conditions under which the discretized problems converge to the original one. The focus is put on the convergence notions ensuring the quality of the approximation; we illustrate their importance by means of a counterexample based on the Monte Carlo approximation. Copyright © 2009 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Vincent CalvezNatacha LenuzzaDietmar OelzJean-Philippe DeslysPascal Laurent-GengouxFranck MouthonBenoît Perthame
• Organismes : Département de Mathématiques et Applications - ENS-PSL (UMR8553) Numerical Medicine Mathématiques Appliquées aux Systèmes - EA 4037 Institut des Maladies Emergentes et des Thérapies Innovantes Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing [Wien] Institut des Maladies Emergentes et des Thérapies Innovantes Mathématiques Appliquées aux Systèmes - EA 4037 Institut des Maladies Emergentes et des Thérapies Innovantes Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions Nonlinear Analysis for Biology and Geophysical flows
• Publié dans Mathematical Biosciences le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : We consider a model for the polymerization (fragmentation) process involved in infectious prion self-replication and study both its dynamics and non-zero steady state. We address several issues. Firstly, we extend a previous study of the nucleated polymerization model [M.L. Greer, L. Pujo-Menjouet, G.F. Webb, A mathematical analysis of the dynamics of prion proliferation, J. Theoret. Biol. 242 (2006) 598; H. Engler, J. Pruss, G.F. Webb, Analysis of a model for the dynamics of prions II, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 324 (2006) 98] to take into account size dependent replicative properties of prion aggregates. This is achieved by a choice of coefficients in the model that are not constant. Secondly, we show stability results for this steady state for general coefficients where reduction to a system of differential equations is not possible. We use a duality method based on recent ideas developed for population models. These results confirm the potential influence of the amyloid precursor production rate in promoting amyloidogenic diseases. Finally, we investigate how the converting factor may depend upon the aggregate size. Besides the confirmation that size-independent parameters are unlikely to occur, the present study suggests that the PrPsc aggregate size repartition is amongst the most relevant experimental data in order to investigate this dependence. In terms of prion strain, our results indicate that the PrPsc aggregate repartition could be a constraint during the adaptation mechanism of the species barrier overcoming, that opens experimental perspectives for prion amyloid polymerization and prion strain investigation.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : J. KleinJ. GonzalezJ. DucheneL. EspositoJean-Philippe PradèreEric NeauC. DelageDenis CaliseA. AhluwaliaPierre CarayonJoão B. PesqueroM. BaderJoost P. SchanstraJean-Loup Bascands
• Organismes : Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London Medical School Pôle Urologie - Néphrologie - Dialyse - Transplantations - Brûlés - Chirurgie plastique - Explorations fonctionnelles et physiologiques [CHU Toulouse] Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier IFR 31 Louis Bugnard William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London Medical School Sanofi-Aventis R&D Department of Biophysics, Escola Paulista de Medicina Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine [Berlin] Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier
• Publié dans FASEB Journal le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : Renal fibrosis is the common histological feature of advanced glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, specific antifibrotic therapies to slow down the evolution to ESRD are still absent. Because persistent inflammation is a key event in the development of fibrosis, we hypothesized that the proinflammatory kinin B1 receptor (B1R) could be such a new target. Here we show that, in the unilateral ureteral obstruction model of renal fibrosis, the B1R is overexpressed and that delayed treatment with an orally active nonpeptide B1R antagonist blocks macrophage infiltration, leading to a reversal of the level of renal fibrosis. In vivo bone marrow transplantation studies as well as in vitro studies on renal cells show that part of this antifibrotic mechanism of B1R blockade involves a direct effect on resident renal cells by inhibiting chemokine CCL2 and CCL7 expression. These findings suggest that blocking the B1R is a promising antifibrotic therapy.

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Fichiers liés : FasebJ115600_revision-1.pdf

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