Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Khaldoun SalehYann H. KerrPhilippe RichaumeMaria Jose EscorihuelaR. PancieraS. DelwartGérard BouletPhilippe MaisongrandeJ. P. WalkerP. WursteisenWigneron J.-P.
• Organismes : University of Cambridge [Cambridge, UK] Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Melbourne] European Space Research and Technology Centre Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering European Space Research and Technology Centre Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement
• Publié dans Remote Sensing of Environment le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : COSMOS (Campaign for validating the Operation of Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity), and NAFE (National Airborne Field Experiment) were two airborne campaigns held in the Goulburn River catchment (Australia) at the end of 2005. These airborne measurements are being used as benchmark data sets for validating the SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) ground segment processor over prairies and crops. This paper presents results of soil moisture inversions and brightness temperature simulations at different resolutions from dual-polarisation and multi-angular L-band (1.4 GHz) measurements obtained from two independent radiometers. The aim of the paper is to provide a method that could overcome the limitations of unknown surface roughness for soil moisture retrievals from L-band data. For that purpose, a two-step approach is proposed for areas with low to moderate vegetation. Firstly, a two-parameter inversion of surface roughness and optical depth is used to obtain a roughness correction dependent on land use only. This step is conducted over small areas with known soil moisture. Such roughness correction is then used in the second step, where soil moisture and optical depth are retrieved over larger areas including mixed pixels. This approach produces soil moisture retrievals with root mean square errors between 0.034 m3 m−3 and 0.054 m3 m−3 over crops, prairies, and mixtures of these two land uses at different resolutions.

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Fichiers liés : Saleh_RSE_09.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Morwenna Pearson-LongNicolas FloquetClaudia BelloPierre VogelRichard Plantier-RoyonJan SzymoniakPhilippe BertusJean-Bernard Behr
• Organismes : Unité de chimie organique moléculaire et macromoléculaire Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 Unité de chimie organique moléculaire et macromoléculaire Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312
• Publié dans Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : Nitrogen-in-the-ring analogues of l-fucose and l-rhamnose were prepared, which feature a spirocyclopropyl moiety in place of the methyl group of the natural sugar. The synthetic route involved a titanium-mediated aminocyclopropanation of a glycononitrile as the key step. Four new spirocyclopropyl iminosugar analogues were generated, which displayed some activity towards l-fucosidase and l-rhamnosidase.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Philippe CattanStéphane RuyYves-Marie CabidocheAntoine FindelingPierre DesboisJean-Baptiste Charlier
• Organismes : Systèmes de Cultures Bananes, Ananas, et Plantains Unité Climat, Sol et Environnement Unité de Recherche AgroPédoClimatique de la zone caraïbe Recyclage et risque Unité Climat, Sol et Environnement Systèmes de Cultures Bananes, Ananas, et Plantains
• Publié dans Journal of Hydrology le 23/10/2020

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Résumé : Rainfall redistribution by plant canopy, notably the water flow down the plant stem (stemflow), modifies the incident rainfall rate at the soil surface and may affect runoff generation. To test this hypothesis, we observed and measured runoff at the plant scale with banana cultivated on tropical Andosol. Observation of runoff by video and matrix potential monitoring showed that, during a runoff event, the matrix potential increased mainly downstream from the pseudostem in line with the slope, delimiting a saturated zone of runoff propagation that appeared on video monitoring. The results indicate that rainfall redistribution by plant canopy, i.e. stemflow and dripping areas, enhances runoff even on soil with a high infiltration rate (mean hydraulic conductivity at saturation Ks of 67 mm h−1). Data analysis of 40 runoff events showed that events were composed of at least two runoff phases characterized by an abrupt increase in runoff coefficient (RC) from 0.16 to 0.65 between the first and the second phase. The change in RC was related to rainfall rate. Also, between the first and the second runoff phase, the apparent infiltration rate at the plot scale decreased from 30 to 10 mm h−1. This was related to an increase in runoff contributing areas (RCA), from an estimated 18% to 93% of the plot surface. However, data analysis and model simulations showed that the increase in mean rainfall rate in RCA due to stemflow was not sufficient to account for large runoff volumes. Hence, one must also take into account the spatial variation of hydraulic conductivity at saturation with low values relative to RCA (estimation for the second runoff phase was 7.6 mm h−1). Moreover, simulation results implied Ks decreases with time. Finally, rainfall redistribution may have an impact at a larger scale. In banana plantations, the hydraulic connectivity of runoff areas can enhance the stemflow effect up to the plot scale. From this point of view, the two-compartment scheme we chose for modeling could be applied at a larger scale: one compartment including stemflow and the relative water pathways and one compartment for the rest of the plot.

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• Type de publi. :
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Olivier BernardJonathan HessJean-Philippe SteyerEric Latrille
• Organismes : Modeling and control of renewable resources Modeling and control of renewable resources Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne]

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Résumé : L'invention vise un bioréacteur pour la production de biogaz. Le bioréacteur comprend une unité de commande pour réguler la production de biogaz par introduction d'une substance chimique en phase liquide. L'unité de commande est munie d'une loi de commande comprenant une fonction prédéterminée qui calcule une valeur résultat, en fonction essentiellement de la teneur en dioxyde de carbone dans le biogaz. La valeur résultat représente une teneur désirée en dioxyde de carbone dissous en phase liquide. La loi de commande est agencée pour piloter un paramètre de l'introduction de ladite substance chimique. Le pilotage se fait dans un sens tendant à amener la teneur en dioxyde de carbone dissous vers ladite teneur désirée. D'autre part, l'invention vise un procédé pour la production d'un biogaz selon lequel une loi de commande est propre à faire varier la teneur en dioxyde de carbone dissous en phase liquide d'un bioréacteur, dans un sens tendant à amener la teneur en dioxyde de carbone dissous vers une teneur désirée.

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Fichiers liés : BrevetFR2925040B1_1.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Philippe CharrierJean-Pierre Bonafé-Schmitt
• Organismes : Centre Max Weber Centre Max Weber
• Publié dans Empan le 28/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Jérôme VialardJean-Philippe DuvelMichael J. McphadenPascale Bouruet-AubertotBrian WardErica KeyDenis BourrasR. WellerP. J. MinnettAlain WeillChristophe CassouLaurence EymardT. FristedtClaude BasdevantYves DandonneauOlaf DuteilTakeshi IzumoClément de Boyer MontégutSébastien MassonFrancis MarsacChristophe MenkesSean C. Kennan
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Newport] Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Old Dominion University [Norfolk] ESTER - LATMOS Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution University of Miami [Coral Gables] ESTER - LATMOS Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Swedish Defence Research Agency [Stockholm] Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Frontier Research Center for Global Change Frontier Research Center for Global Change Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Thons tropicaux et écosystèmes pélagiques : taxies, interactions et stratégies d'exploitation Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington]
• Publié dans Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : The Vasco–Cirene program explores how strong air–sea interactions promoted by the shallow thermocline and high sea surface temperature in the Seychelles–Chagos thermocline ridge results in marked variability at synoptic, intraseasonal, and interannual time scales. The Cirene oceanographic cruise collected oceanic, atmospheric, and air–sea flux observations in this region in January–February 2007. The contemporaneous Vasco field experiment complemented these measurements with balloon deployments from the Seychelles. Cirene also contributed to the development of the Indian Ocean observing system via deployment of a moor-ing and 12 Argo profilers.Unusual conditions prevailed in the Indian Ocean during January and February 2007, following the Indian Ocean dipole climate anomaly of late 2006. Cirene measurements show that the Seychelles–Chagos thermocline ridge had higher-than-usual heat content with subsurface anomalies up to 7°C. The ocean surface was warmer and fresher than average, and unusual eastward currents prevailed down to 800 m. These anomalous conditions had a major impact on tuna fishing in early 2007. Our dataset also sampled the genesis and maturation of Tropical Cyclone Dora, including high surface temperatures and a strong diurnal cycle before the cyclone, followed by a 1.5°C cooling over 10 days. Balloonborne instruments sampled the surface and boundary layer dynamics of Dora. We observed small-scale structures like dry-air layers in the atmosphere and diurnal warm layers in the near-surface ocean. The Cirene data will quantify the impact of these finescale features on the upper-ocean heat budget and atmospheric deep convection.

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Fichiers liés : 2008bams2499.1.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Laurent HussonJean-Pierre BrunPhilippe YamatoClaudio Faccenna
• Organismes : Géosciences Rennes Géosciences Rennes Géosciences Rennes Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche [Roma TRE]
• Publié dans Geophysical Journal International le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : The burial-exhumation cycle of crustal material in subduction zones can either be driven by the buoyancy of the material, by the surrounding flow, or by both. High pressure and ultrahigh pressure rocks are chiefly exhumed where subduction zones display transient behaviours, which lead to contrasted flow regimes in the subduction mantle wedge. Subduction zones with stationary trenches (mode I) favour the burial of rock units, whereas slab rollback (mode II) moderately induces an upward flow that contributes to the exhumation, a regime that is reinforced when slab dip decreases (mode III). Episodic regimes of subduction that involve different lithospheric units successively activate all three modes and thus greatly favour the exhumation of rock units from mantle depth to the surface without need for fast and sustained erosion.

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Fichiers liés : husson-gji.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Chapître d'ouvrage
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Philippe Martin
• Organismes : Religions et croyances

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : Tsevi MazehPascal GutermanSuzanne AigrainS. ZuckerN. GrinbergA. AlapiniRoi AlonsoMichel AuvergneMauro BarbieriPierre BargeP. BordéFrançois BouchyHans J. DeegR. de la RezaMagali DeleuilRudolf DvorakAnders EriksonMalcolm C. FridlundPhilippe GondoinLaurent JordaHelmut LammerAlain LégerAntoine LlebariaPierre MagainClaire MoutouMarc OllivierM. PätzoldFrédéric PontDidier QuelozHeike RauerDaniel RouanR. SaboJean SchneiderGünther Wuchterl
• Organismes : John Radcliffe Hospital [Oxford University Hospital] Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille University of Exeter Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv University University of Exeter Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Institut d'astrophysique spatiale Observatoire de Haute-Provence Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias Observatório Nacional/MCTI Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Institut für Astronomie, Universität Wien DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Research and Scientific Support Department, ESA-ESTEC Research and Scientific Support Department, ESA-ESTEC Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften = Académie autrichienne des sciences Institut d'astrophysique spatiale Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Institut d'astrophysique spatiale Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung University of Exeter Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Laboratoire Univers et Théories Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique Tel Aviv University Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin Laboratoire Univers et Théories
• Publié dans Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : This paper presents an analysis that searched for systematic effects within the CoRoT exoplanet field light curves. The analysis identified a systematic effect that modified the zero point of most CoRoT exposures as a function of stellar magnitude. We could find this effect only after preparing a set of learning light curves that were relatively free of stellar and instrumental noise. Correcting for this effect, rejecting outliers that appear in almost every exposure, and applying SysRem, reduced the stellar RMS by about 20%, without attenuating transit signals.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2009
• Auteurs : F. LoixLaurent OrgéasChristian GeindreauPierre BadelP. BoisseJean-Francis Bloch
• Organismes : Laboratoire sols, solides, structures - risques [Grenoble] Laboratoire sols, solides, structures - risques [Grenoble] Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] Laboratoire Génie des procédés papetiers
• Publié dans Composites Science and Technology le 30/10/2020

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