Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 12/12/2024
• Auteurs : Sophie HennionValentyn FournierPhilippe DerambureGérald DelelisLoris Schiaratura
• Organismes : Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 Service de neurophysiologie clinique Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072 Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 Service de neurophysiologie clinique Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193 Psychologie : Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition (PSITEC) - ULR 4072
• Publié dans Epilepsy & Behavior le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : People with epilepsy face stigma that impacts numerous aspects of their daily lives. Although the stigma surrounding people with epilepsy has been extensively documented, the mechanisms underlying it—such as cultural stereotypes—remain to be explored. Cultural stereotypes are widely shared beliefs within a cultural context about attributes typically associated with members of a particular group. This study, conducted within French society, has two primary objectives: 1) to define the content of cultural stereotypes associated with people suffering from epilepsy and 2) to examine how familiarity and knowledge about epilepsy influence these stereotypes. To explore these stereotypes, a free association task was conducted across three cultural groups (n = 96): (1) the general population, with low familiarity and knowledge about epilepsy (n = 39); (2) healthcare professionals without epilepsy specialization, who have more familiarity and knowledge than the general population (n = 38); and (3) healthcare professionals specialized in epilepsy, who have the highest familiarity and knowledge of the three groups (n = 29). All participants held higher education qualifications to ensure a more homogeneous socio-cultural background across groups. Using the software program “IraMuTeQ”, we analyzed the diversity of terms each group associated with “people with epilepsy.” Additionally, we examined the valence and typicality of cultural stereotypes in each group. The results reveal that, regardless of familiarity and knowledge levels, cultural stereotypes linked to epilepsy are generally negative. Across the entire sample, the most prototypical associations with people with epilepsy included “madness,” “possession,” “tongue,” and “intellectual deficiency.” The general population shares some cultural stereotypes with non-specialized healthcare professionals (e.g., “photosensitivity”), while non-specialized professionals share other associations with specialized healthcare professionals (e.g., “intellectual deficiency” and “mental illness”). However, no overlap was found between the cultural stereotypes of the general population and those of healthcare professionals specialized in epilepsy. Stereotypes related to epilepsy appear to be less typical among healthcare professionals compared to the general population. This distinction between cultural stereotypes and personal beliefs is further discussed below. Considering cultural stereotypes may allow for more tailored and effective interventions to reduce epilepsy-related stigma by addressing specific socio-cultural groups. Further research within a cross-cultural approach is recommended to deepen these findings.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 12/12/2024
• Auteurs : Dominique PloinMathilde AlexandreBruno VentelouDidier CheBruno CoignardNathalie BoulangerChristophe BurucoaFrançois CaronPierre GallianYves HansmannChristian LienhardtPhilippe MinodierHenri PartoucheMathieu RevestNadia SaidaniGilles SalvatNicolas VignierSylvie FloreaniSabine HenryBruno PozzettoBruno HoenEmmanuelle GodeauJean-Marie JanuelMarion PorcherieFlorence Bodeau-Livinec
• Organismes : Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Aix Marseille Université Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France] Santé Publique France, Occitanie [Toulouse, France] Centre National de référence des Borrelia Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Pathogens Host Arthropod Vectors Interfaces Pharmacologie des anti-infectieux et antibiorésistance [U 1070] Université de Poitiers – UFR Santé [Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie] Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers = Poitiers University Hospital Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [Rouen] Dynamique Microbienne associée aux Infections Urinaires et Respiratoires Unité des Virus Emergents Établissement Français du Sang [La Plaine Saint-Denis] Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Strasbourg] Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Département de Médecine Générale ARN bactériens et médecine Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale [Rennes] = Infectious Disease and Intensive Care [Rennes] Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Cornouaille Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Direction de la Stratégie et des Programmes Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP] Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution Haut Conseil de la Santé Publique Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie Service des Agents Infectieux et Hygiène [CHU Saint-Etienne] INterdisciplinarité en Santé Publique Interventions et Instruments de mesure complexes Commission Spécialisée Maladies infectieuses et maladies émergentes École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique Arènes: politique, santé publique, environnement, médias Département des sciences humaines et sociales Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en santé des POPulations Université de Rennes École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique Institut du Management Université de Rennes École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique Département des sciences humaines et sociales Arènes: politique, santé publique, environnement, médias Université de Rennes École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail Université de Rennes Département Méthodes quantitatives en santé publique
• Publié dans Eurosurveillance le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : Within the International Health Regulations framework, the French High Council for Public Health was mandated in 2022 by health authorities to establish a list of priority infectious diseases for public health, surveillance and research in mainland and overseas France. Aim Our objective was to establish this list. Methods A multi-criteria decision analysis was used, as recommended by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. A list of 95 entities (infectious diseases or groups of these, including the World Health Organization (WHO)-labelled ‘Disease X’) was established by 17 infectious disease experts. Ten criteria were defined to score entities: incidence rate, case fatality rate, potential for emergence and spread, impact on the individual, on society, on socially vulnerable groups, on the healthcare system, and need for new preventive tools, new curative therapies, and surveillance. Each criterion was assigned a relative weight by 77 multidisciplinary experts. For each entity, 98 physicians from various specialties rated each criterion against the entity, using a four-class Likert-type scale; the ratings were converted into numeric values with a nonlinear scale and respectively weighted to calculate the entity score. Results Fifteen entities were ranked as high-priorities, including Disease X and 14 known pathologies (e.g. haemorrhagic fevers, various respiratory viral infections, arboviral infections, multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, invasive meningococcal and pneumococcal diseases, prion diseases, rabies, and tuberculosis). Conclusion The priority entities agreed with those of the WHO in 2023; almost all were currently covered by the French surveillance and alert system. Repeating this analysis periodically would keep the list updated.

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Fichiers liés : eurosurv-29-50-4.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 12/12/2024
• Auteurs : Habeeb YusuffPierre-Emmanuel ZornCéline GiraudeauBenoit WachPhilippe ChoquetS ChatelinJean-Philippe Dillenseger
• Organismes : Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Faculté de médecine, maïeutique et sciences de la santé [Strasbourg] Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Faculté de médecine, maïeutique et sciences de la santé [Strasbourg] Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg
• Publié dans Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : Purposes: This research highlights the need for affordable phantoms for MRI education. Current options are either expensive or limited. A phantom, easy to manufacture and distribute, is proposed to demonstrate various pedagogical concepts, aiding students in understanding MRI image quality concepts. Methods: We designed a cylindrical MRI phantom that comprises sections that can be filled with chosen liquids and gels. The dimensions were chosen to fit most consumer-grade 3D printers, facilitating widespread dissemination. It includes five modular sections for evaluating spatial resolution, geometrical accuracy, slice thickness accuracy, homogeneity, and contrast. Results: The modular cylindrical MRI phantom was successfully fabricated. Each section of the phantom was tested to ensure it met the specified pedagogical needs. The spatial resolution section provided clear images for evaluating fine details. The geometrical accuracy section allowed for precise measurement of distortions. The slice thickness accuracy section confirmed the consistency of slice thickness across different MRI sequences. The homogeneity section demonstrated uniform signal distribution, and the contrast section effectively displayed varying contrast levels. Conclusions: This modular MRI phantom offers a cost-effective tool for educational purposes in MRI. Its design enables educators to demonstrate multiple pedagogical scenarios with a single object. The phantom’s compatibility with consumer-grade 3D printers and its modularity makes it accessible and adaptable to various educational settings. Future work could explore further customization and enhancement of the phantom to cover additional educational needs. This tool represents a significant step toward improving MRI education and training by providing a practical, hands-on learning experience.

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Fichiers liés : 2024 Yusuff MRM.pdf

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• Type de publi. :
• Date de publi. : 06/12/2024
• Auteurs : Jose Villasboas BisnetoDanielle WallaceFrancesc BoschCarlos Grande GarciaStephen SmithAntonio PintoReid MerrymanNorma GutierrezJean-Pierre MarolleauLuca ArcainiCristina GarcíaRocío Figueroa MoraBrian TillRosaria de FilippiSara RattottiLucie AubergeonLaurent ChêneJan FagerbergPier Luigi ZinzaniPhilippe ArmandJonathan FriedbergStephen Ansell
• Organismes : Mayo Clinic [Rochester] Wilmot Cancer Institute [Rochester] Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona] Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [Seattle] Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale [Naples] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [Boston] Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca CHU Amiens-Picardie HEMATIM - Hématopoïèse et immunologie - UR UPJV 4666 Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo [Pavia] Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona] Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [Seattle] Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale [Naples] Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo [Pavia] Università degli Studi di Pavia [Italia] = University of Pavia [Italy] = Université de Pavie [Italie] Enterome Enterome Enterome Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna = University of Bologna [Bologne] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [Boston] University of Rochester Medical Center Mayo Clinic [Rochester]

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Résumé : Background Follicular and marginal zone B cell lymphoma (FL; MZL) demonstrate an indolent course with heterogeneous outcomes and a potential for spontaneous remissions indicating immune system intervention. T cell-based therapeutic approaches are therefore an attractive proposition in FL and MZL. EO2463 peptide immunotherapy expands pre-existing memory CD8 T cells recognizing non-self-protein sequences from gut bacteria which cross-react with B cell antigens. The compound includes 4 HLA-A2 synthetically produced epitopes which exhibit molecular mimicry with the B cell markers CD20, CD22, CD37, and CD268 (BAFF-receptor), as well as a the CD4 helper-epitope UCP2 derived from hTERT. EO2463 is being used to drive anti-tumor immunity against B cell malignancies, and has demonstrated long-lasting, specific CD8-memory T cell responses and clinical activity in relapsed/refractory FL and MZL [J Clinical Oncol 2024, 42 (S16), 7058]. Furthermore, CD8 T cells expanded from samples of patients (pts) treated with EO2463 can kill HLA-A2 expressing lymphoblastoid cell lines presenting the B cell targets [Hematological Oncol 2023, 41 (S2), 581-582]. Methods The current report describes testing of a possible biomarker in the phase 1 portion of the ongoing EONHL1-20/SIDNEY trial (NCT04669171).This part of the trial (“Cohort 1”) included pts (n=9) with relapsed (at least 1, no limit, prior treatments) FL and MZL, stage 1-3A, confirmed to be positive for HLA-A2. Pts received EO2463 (150 [n=3] or 300μg/peptide [n=6]) SC with adjuvant Montanide ISA 51 VG q2 weeks (w) x 4, then q4w, for a max of 12 months; at w7 lenalidomide (20 mg/day for 21/28 days up to 12 cycles) was added (EL), and if no complete remission (CR) at w19, rituximab (375 mg/m IV, q1w x 4, then q4w x 4) was also added (ER2). Immune responses and clinical outcomes of Cohort 1 were previously reported [J Clinical Oncol 2024, 42 (S16), 7058]. To assess a possible biomarker, tetramers were used to specifically detect CD8 T cells recognizing the 4 epitopes in the EO2463 compound (derived from gut bacterial proteins exhibiting molecular mimicry with the B cell markers CD20, CD22, CD37, and CD268). The tetramers were all marked with phycoerythrin. Thawed samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells taken at start of w5 (after 2 administrations of EO2463 monotherapy, each followed by 2w observation) were stained ex vivo (without any in vitro stimulation) with the tetramers and assayed by flow cytometry. Results are presented as percentage of EO2463 specific CD8 T cells among all CD8 T cells in the peripheral blood of the pt. Results Among the 9 treated pts, PET-CT at w6 (after 3 administrations of EO2463 monotherapy) suggested possible clinical activity in 4/9 pts (1 PR, 1 pt size reduction 15%, 1 pt 20% reduced tracer uptake, 1 pt 5/6 target lesions reduced metabolic activity). By PET-CT at w42 (after 12 administrations of EO2463 monotherapy, 11 cycles of lenalidomide, and rituximab treatment) the Lugano response assessment was complete response in 6/9 pts. A positive biomarker response was assessed in 5/9 pts (percentage of specific CD8 T cells ranged from 0.2-2.1%). EO2463 monotherapy PET-CT activity at w6 (n=4/9 pts): 4 of 4 pts with clinical activity were biomarker positive and 1/5 of the other pts was also positive; this pt had an isolated increase in FDG-uptake at w6, followed by a CR at w19. Four further other pts were biomarker negative. In this limited sample, the biomarker had sensitivity 100% and specificity 80%. EO2463 in combination with lenalidomide/rituximab PET-CT CR at w42 (n=6/9): 5 of 6 pts with CR were biomarker positive and 1 pt with CR was negative; the pt with a negative test had no objective tumor response until after rituximab. In this limited sample, the biomarker showed sensitivity 83% and specificity 100%. Conclusions The current preliminary assessment indicates that direct ex vivo tetramer staining for specific CD8 T cells after short term (5 w) treatment with EO2463 monotherapy could be a possible biomarker for clinical response, both for EO2463 monotherapy response, and for response to EO2463 in combination with lenalidomide/rituximab. We plan to validate these findings in the ongoing study cohorts of the trial; expansion phase 2 cohorts, exploring EO2463 monotherapy in the “watch & wait” setting, EO2463 plus rituximab for 1st line FL/MZL, and EO2463/lenalidomide +/- rituximab in relapsed FL/MZL.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 06/12/2024
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe ChippauxYoann MadecPierre AmtaRodrigue NtoneGaelle NoelPedro ClauteauxYap BoumArmand NkwescheuFabien Taieb
• Organismes : Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Hôpital de Tokombéré [Tokombéré, Cameroon] Epicentre [Paris] [Médecins Sans Frontières] Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science Institut Pasteur de Bangui Cameroon Society of Epidemiology [Yaounde] Centre Médical de l'Institut Pasteur
• Publié dans Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : Snakes responsible for bites are rarely identified, resulting in a loss of information about snakebites from venomous species whose venom effects are poorly understood. A prospective clinical study including patients bitten by a snake was conducted in Cameroon between 2019 and 2021 to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a marketed polyvalent antivenom. Clinical presentation during the first 3 days of hospitalization was recorded following a standardized protocol. This ancillary study aimed to assess the frequency of bites by the different species encountered in Cameroon and to describe the symptoms of bites by formally identified species. Of the 447 patients included in the study, 159 (35.6%) brought the snake that caused the bite that was identified by a specialist. Out of these, 8 specimens could not be identified due to poor condition, 19 were non-venomous species, and 95 belonged to Echis romani—formerly E. ocellatus—species. The remaining 37 specimens included 2 Atheris squamigera, 12 Atractaspis spp., 2 Bitis arietans, 11 Causus maculatus, 1 Dendroaspis jamesoni, 1 Naja haje, 1 N. katiensis, 5 N. melanoleuca complex, and 2 N. nigricollis. Symptoms, severity of envenomation, and post-treatment course are described. Symptoms and severity of bites are consistent with cases described in the literature, but some specific features are highlighted.

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Fichiers liés : tropicalmed-09-00300-v2.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 05/12/2024
• Auteurs : Mélisande Bourgoin-HeckVictoria Wolff-GoldnadelYannick ChantranSarah SafTamazoust GuiddirF AmatFanny RancièreIsabelle MomasStéphanie WaninThierry RosePhilippe Saint-PierreJocelyne Just
• Organismes : CHU Trousseau [APHP] Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques CHU Trousseau [APHP] Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques CHU Trousseau [APHP] CHU Trousseau [APHP] Hôpital Bicêtre [GHU AP-HP. Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre] Université Paris-Saclay Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations Hôpital Robert Debré Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques CHU Trousseau [APHP] Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques Plateforme d'Innovation et de Développement de Tests Diagnostiques / Diagnostic Test Innovation and Development Core Facility Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques
• Publié dans Pediatric Allergy and Immunology le 02/11/2020

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Résumé : Background: Several major sensitization profiles have been described in children with asthma, but it remains unclear how these profiles relate to asthma phenotypes. The aim of this study was to determine allergenic sensitization profiles in a megacity cohort (SAMP). Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis performed from 2011 to 2015 including preschool and school-age children with severe and moderate asthma from the SAMP cohort. We performed ALEX multiplex array and carried out cluster analysis. Results: Data from 367 children were analyzed: 224 of preschool age and 143 of school age, respectively 84 (38%) and 114 (80%) presented at least one allergic sensitization. At preschool age, three clusters were identified: Cluster 1, Few sensitizations to inhaled allergen molecular families and non-type 2 (T2) inflammation (n = 61); Cluster 2, Predominant sensitization to HDM molecular families (n = 16); Cluster 3, Severe asthma with multiple sensitizations to inhaled and food allergen molecular families (n = 7). At school age, five clusters were identified: Cluster 1, Few sensitizations to inhaled allergen molecular families and non-T2 inflammation (n = 43); Cluster 2, Predominant sensitization to HDM molecular families (n = 31); Cluster 3, Predominant sensitization to PR-10 protein family (n = 25); Cluster 4, Severe asthma with predominant sensitization to tropomyosin family (n = 11); Cluster 5, Severe asthma with multiple sensitizations to inhaled and food allergen molecular families (n = 4). Conclusion: These results underline the heterogeneity of sensitization profiles in severe allergic childhood asthma. The most severe asthma phenotypes were associated with multiple sensitizations to both inhaled and food allergen molecular families as expected, and to the tropomyosin molecular family, a novel finding.

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Fichiers liés : Pediatric Allergy Immunology - 2024 - Bourgoin‐Heck - Molecular allergen sensitization drives phenotypes of severe asthma.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 04/12/2024
• Auteurs : Christophe BerthelotPierre Le GallSabrina RaynaudFlorence BedoinLéna GarroneClaire Ayumi BazilleNoémie DefaixSimon BouchetPhilippe ThoreyEmmanuel ForelJean-Pierre ManteauxLaure-Emilie Nako
• Organismes : Centre de Ressources pour l'Agriculture de Qualité et de Montagne ISARA Institut de l'élevage Institut de l'élevage Centre de Ressources pour l'Agriculture de Qualité et de Montagne Institut de l'élevage Institut de l'élevage

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Résumé : Quels enjeux associés à l'introduction de « nouvelles espèces fourragères estivales » dans les élevages laitiers sous Indications Géographiques, dans un contexte d'adaptation au changement climatique ? 2 études de cas dans le cadre du projet FESTIG

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Fichiers liés : 540149_CC_Berthelot_Leviers_et_strategies_d_adaptation_au_changement_climatique_.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 04/12/2024
• Auteurs : Driss BerdaïAurélie GuérinDavid PérolCécile GiraultMathieu MolimardPhilippe AmielHélène BeaussierPierre-Henri BertoyeCatherine CornuDominique DeplanqueDidier DreyfussLuc DuchossoyCécile FouretThibaud HaaserAnne Le LouarnSoraya RifaiJean-Pierre Thierry
• Organismes : Bordeaux population health
• Publié dans Therapies le 04/10/2022

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Résumé : In line with the spirit of the Giens workshops, this article reports on the recommended evolution of the Ethics Committees (CPPs) and the Committees for Research Ethics (CER) in France. These committees play a crucial role in the ethical evaluation of clinical research projects, a process that has become more complex, particularly in view of recent legislative, regulatory and methodological developments. This reflection highlights the current challenges faced by the CPPs, including the increasing workload, the complexity of the issues to be addressed and the need for better use of their resources. To address this, several recommendations are proposed. These include improving support to sponsors prior to submission, simplifying administrative tasks for CPP members and improving IT tools. The article also highlights the need for continuous evaluation of the activities of the CPPs to contribute to the quality and consistency of their opinions, as well as the importance of making this activity more attractive to qualified professionals, by offering them adequate compensation and professional recognition. For the benefit of all involved in health research, there is a strong desire to develop a single document management system accessible to all and inclusive of relevant information and document templates. Regarding the CERs, which currently operate without a legal framework, the proposition is that their development should take place under conditions of compliance with essential principles of collegiality, transparency and appropriate management of conflict of interest. Finally, it appeared necessary that the National Commission for Research Involving the Human Person (CNRIPH) be given adequate resources to carry out its tasks effectively, including the coordination of the CPPs and the development of appropriate training programs for their members. These recommendations aim to improve the operating conditions of the CPPs and CERs, ensuring the ethics of the research undertaken, as well as the quality of their results.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 04/12/2024
• Auteurs : Anne LauvieNathalie DebusCharlotte DehaysEliel González GarcíaPierre-Guillaume GrisotPhilippe HassounMagali JouvenClaire ManoliJean-Baptiste MenassolFabien StarkMarie-Odile Nozières-Petit
• Organismes : Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux Institut de l'élevage Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux Institut de l'élevage Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux Institut Agro Montpellier Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux Territoires

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Résumé : La gestion des aléas est un point clé de la résilience des systèmes d’élevage. En contexte pastoral, les éleveurs gèrent fréquemment des aléas, mettant en œuvre un ensemble de pratiques pour y faire face. L’objectif de cette communication est de présenter des enseignements à tirer de ces systèmes, quant au rôle de l’animal, et à sa contribution à la résilience des systèmes d’élevage. Nous nous appuyons pour cela sur différents travaux menés au sein de l’UMT Pasto. Nous soulignons dans une première partie l’importance de la diversité animale dans ces systèmes, en relation avec la diversité des ressources, et les stratégies mises en œuvre pour en tirer parti. Dans une seconde partie, nous abordons les caractéristiques attendues des animaux en systèmes pastoraux en lien avec les différents niveaux d’analyse considérés. Finalement, nous discutons les manières d’analyser les liens entre fonctionnement et performances des élevages, dans des conditions qui ne se prêtent pas à la production de références zootechniques, telles que produites dans des situations aux environnements d’élevage plus contrôlés. Nous soulignons que les résultats présentés, bien qu’observés en systèmes pastoraux, peuvent constituer une source d’inspiration pour d’autres formes d’élevage

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 03/12/2024
• Auteurs : Mathilde BernardOlivier GirardclosJean-Yves HunotYves GalletMaxime L'HéritierLucile BeckEmmanuelle Delque-KoličAurélia AzémaClara PenagosBenoît BrossierMichel LemoineAlexa DufraissePhilippe Dillmann
• Organismes : Laboratoire Archéomatériaux et Prévision de l'Altération IRAMAT - Laboratoire Archéomatériaux et Prévision de l'Altération Université Paris-Saclay Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) Département de Maine-et-Loire Université Bordeaux Montaigne Ausonius-Institut de recherche sur l'Antiquité et le Moyen âge Université Paris 8 Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité Archéologie de la Gaule : structures économiques et sociales Laboratoire de mesure du carbone 14 Laboratoire de mesure du carbone 14 Laboratoire de recherche des monuments historiques Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) Institut Royal du Patrimoine Artistique | Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier BioArchéologie, Interactions Sociétés Environnements BioArchéologie, Interactions Sociétés Environnements Laboratoire Archéomatériaux et Prévision de l'Altération IRAMAT - Laboratoire Archéomatériaux et Prévision de l'Altération

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Résumé : La chronologie du chantier médiéval de Notre-Dame de Paris se fonde essentiellement sur des sources écrites. Cependant, les investigations menées dans le cadre du chantier scientifique MC/CNRS par les GT Bois, Métal et Pierre permettent aujourd’hui d’établir de nouveaux jalons chronologiques solides pour l’étude de la cathédrale. En effet, de nombreuses questions demeurent quant à la chronologie de Notre-Dame de Paris, tant pour le chevet que pour la nef. A quelle époque les travaux de la nouvelle cathédrale gothique ont-ils réellement débuté ? Comment et à quelle vitesse ont-ils été conduits ? Comment les différentes phases du chantier se sont-elles succédées et articulées entre elles ? Les textes, qui sont peu nombreux et parfois contestables en raison de la nature discutable de certaines sources, n’offrent qu’une chronologie simplifiée et laissent en suspens une série de problèmes qui ont été insuffisamment étudiés. Des analyses dendrochronologiques concernant la charpente du haut vaisseau avaient été réalisées entre 1991 et 1996, mais aucune autre analyse matérielle n’avait été menée avant le chantier scientifique. Aujourd’hui, grâce à l’étude des vestiges archéologiques suite à l’incendie et la présence des scientifiques sur le chantier de restauration, d’une part, des études dendrochronologiques sur des bois des parties basses du chevet sont ajoutées à celles nettement plus nombreuses des charpentes, et d’autre part, des datations par le radiocarbone ont pu être réalisées sur des agrafes et goujons en fer retrouvés dans les maçonneries à divers endroits du monument. Ces nouvelles données fournissent une documentation inédite qui permet de réfléchir à nouveaux sur la chronologie de la cathédrale. Le partage et le croisement de ces indices matériels obtenus par des méthodes de datation absolue représentent une approche novatrice pour l’étude de Notre-Dame de Paris et dans le domaine de l’histoire de la construction médiévale. La mise en relation de ces données avec l’étude des textes s’avère également essentielle afin d’esquisser un nouveau phasage de la construction auquel peuvent être associés des repères chronologiques fiables. Ainsi, le cas de l’étude de Notre-Dame de Paris permet de mettre en avant toute l’importance de la centralisation, du partage des résultats et de la combinaison de méthodes de datations absolues et relatives.

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