Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : A.A. van de GriendWigneron J.-P.Philippe WaldteufelJosef Krecek
• Organismes : Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences [Amsterdam] Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement Centre d'étude des environnements terrestre et planétaires Department of Hydraulics and Hydrology [Praha]

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Résumé : The European Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, after some delay now planned for launch late 2008, will carry a two-dimensional L-band (1.4 GHz) microwave interferometric radiometer with a revisit time smaller than 3 days to retrieve soil moisture (and ocean salinity) at global scale with a spatial resolution of similar to 30km. Soil moisture plays a crucial role in the terrestrial hydrological cycle and its timely and repetitive retrieval is essential for medium term meteorological modelling, hydrological modelling and modelling of several other climate related processes such as vegetation biomass production and CO2 assimilation. Repetitive monitoring of soil moisture fields at regional scales, also are important for understanding changes in the hydrological processes at different time scales. This paper gives some insight into the potential capabilities of SMOS and addresses some issues concerning surface heterogeneity and its consequences for the precision of soil moisture retrieval

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : Philippe MayaudNicolas NagotIssouf KonatéAbdoulaye OuedraogoHelen A WeissVincent FoulongneMarie-Christine DeferAdrien SawadogoMichel SegondyPhilippe Van De PerreEloi BahemberaAbdramane BerthéMinata CoulibalyRamata DialloDidier DjagbaréFlorent Ky-DamaGilles T. M'BoutikiNicolas MedaInès MillogoDjeneba OuedraogoFrançois RouetAnselme SanonHaoua SawadogoR. ValloLaurence VergnePierre BecquartJean-Baptiste Andonaba
• Organismes : London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Université Montpellier 1 Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Université Montpellier 1 Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou [Bobo-Dioulasso] Université Montpellier 1 Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] Université Montpellier 1 Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Université Montpellier 1 Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou [Bobo-Dioulasso]
• Publié dans Sexually Transmitted Infections le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : Objectives: To document the natural history of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in relation to HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Africa, a longitudinal study was conducted of women in the placebo arms of two randomised controlled trials of HSV-suppressive therapy in Burkina Faso. Methods: 22 HIV-uninfected women (group 1), 30 HIV-1-infected women taking HAART (group 2), and 68 HIV-1-infected women not eligible for HAART (group 3) were followed over 24 weeks. HSV-2 DNA was detected on alternate weeks using real-time PCR from cervicovaginal lavages. Plasma HIV-1 RNA was measured every month. CD4 cell counts were measured at enrolment. Results: Ulcers occurred on 1.9%, 3.1% and 7.2% of visits in groups 1, 2 and 3 (p = 0.02). Cervicovaginal HSV-2 DNA was detected in 45.5%, 63.3% and 67.6% of women (p = 0.11), and on 4.3%, 9.7% and 15.5% of visits in the three groups (p<0.001). Among HIV-infected women, cervicovaginal HSV-2 DNA was detected more frequently during ulcer episodes (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 2.79, 95% CI 2.01 to 3.86) and less frequently among women practising vaginal douching (aRR 0.60, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91). Compared with women not taking HAART and with CD4 cell counts of 500 cells/μl or greater, women on HAART had a similar risk of HSV-2 shedding (aRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.73), whereas women with CD4 cell counts of 200–500 cells/μl were more likely to shed HSV-2 (aRR 1.71, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.86). Conclusions: HSV-2 reactivations occur more frequently among HIV-infected women, particularly those with low CD4 cell counts, and are only partly reduced by HAART. HSV therapy may benefit HIV-infected individuals during HAART.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : Pierre CharbonnierValérie MuzetPhilippe NicolleNicolas HautiereJean-Philippe TarelDidier Aubert
• Organismes : ERA 27 Imagerie – Méthodes Optiques ERA 27 Imagerie – Méthodes Optiques Division Métrologie et Instrumentation Division Exploitation-Signalisation-Éclairage Division Exploitation-Signalisation-Éclairage Laboratoire sur les Interactions Véhicules-Infrastructure-Conducteurs
• Publié dans Bulletin des Laboratoires des Ponts et Chaussees le 19/09/2018

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Résumé : Les techniques de reconstruction 3D par stéréovision ont connu un développement considérable au cours des deux dernières décennies. Leur champ d'application s'étend du contrôle non destructif à la réalité augmentée, en passant par la télédétection. Après un rappel des principes de base de ces méthodes, on propose ici une présentation synthétique des principales mises en oeuvre de la stéréovision au sein du réseau des LPC (laboratoires des ponts et chaussées) ces dernières années dans le domaine de l'analyse de scènes routières. Les applications visées concernent, d'une part, les aides à la conduite et, d'autre part, la connaissance du patrimoine routier et les études de sécurité routière. Ainsi, les travaux décrits devraient déboucher à court terme sur une version « stéréo » des produits LPC dédiés à l'imagerie routière (IRCAN, imagerie routière par caméra numérique, et IREVE, imagerie routière étalonnages visualisations exploitations). La stéréovision a permis la mise au point de détecteurs opérationnels d'obstacles sur chaussée. Elle est également utilisée pour la détermination des distances de visibilité atmosphérique et pour l'estimation du profil en long de la chaussée.

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Fichiers liés : blpc_272_57-74.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : Jean-Claude DesportBenoît MarinBenoit FunalotPierre-Marie PreuxPhilippe Couratier
• Organismes : Service d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie et Nutrition [CHU Dupuytren 1, Limoges] Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Laboratoire de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale Service de l'Information Médicale et de l'Évaluation [CHU Limoges] Biomolécules Thérapies anti-tumorales Service d'Immunologie et immunogénétique [CHU Limoges] Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Laboratoire de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale Service de l'Information Médicale et de l'Évaluation [CHU Limoges] Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges]
• Publié dans Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Disorders le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Malnutrition is a well-known independent survival factor in ALS patients. Total body impedance analysis (BIA) has been validated for the measurement of fat-free mass. Another physical value obtained by BIA is phase angle (PA) that has been proposed to be an index of malnutrition or a survival prognostic factor in several diseases. We measured PA in a sample of 168 ALS patients and analysed the relationships between PA and neurological, respiratory and nutritional status, and determined whether PA is an independent prognostic factor for survival in ALS. BIA was performed using an Analycor3 instrument with surface electrodes at 50 kHz and 800 microA. PA was obtained using the formula: PA =arctan (Xc/R) (in degrees) where Xc is the body reactance and R the bioelectric resistance. Relationships between quantitative variables were assessed by linear correlation coefficients and through univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses. To assess the prognostic role of PA on survival of patients, we performed survival analyses based on the Kaplan-Meier method using the log rank test, and on univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Baseline time was time from multidisciplinary visit (T1) to death or censoring time. PA was always significantly lower in ALS patients than in healthy control subjects published in the literature. PA was lower in our ALS malnourished patients than in non-malnourished patients (3.3+/-1.1 degrees versus 2.5+/-0.6 degrees , p =0.003). In multivariate linear regression analysis, manual muscle testing (p<0.0001), vital capacity (p<0.001), fat-free mass (p<0.0001), time between initial signs and T1 (p<0.002) and age (p<0.001) were independently significantly linked with PA and explained 48% of PA variation. The survival of ALS patients from T1 was significantly linked with PA after adjustment on BMI, CV and time between initial signs and multidisciplinary visit, clinical form, age and sex. Patients with a PA <2.5 degrees had a significantly poorer survival rate than patients with a PA >2.5 degrees . We concluded that in ALS patients, PA is greatly decreased. It is related to the nutritional status of patients, and is also an independent prognostic factor of survival.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : Emilie AllardFrançois HindréCatherine Passirani-MalleretLaurent LemaireNicolas LepareurNicolas NoiretPhilippe MeneiJean-Pierre Benoit
• Organismes : Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Centre de Médecine Nucléaire Synthèses et activations de biomolécules Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Service de neurochirurgie [CHU Angers] Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire
• Publié dans European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : PURPOSE: Lipid nanocapsules (LNC) entrapping lipophilic complexes of (188)Re ((188)Re(S(3)CPh)(2)(S(2)CPh) [(188)Re-SSS]) were investigated as a novel radiopharmaceutical carrier for internal radiation therapy of malignant gliomas. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of intra-cerebral administration of (188)Re-SSS LNC by means of convection-enhanced delivery (CED) on a 9L rat brain tumour model. METHODS: Female Fischer rats with 9L glioma were treated with a single injection of (188)Re-SSS LNC by CED 6days after cell implantation. Rats were put into random groups according to the dose infused: 12, 10, 8 and 3Gy in comparison with blank LNC, perrhenate solution (4Gy) and non-treated animals. The radionuclide brain retention level was evaluated by measuring (188)Re elimination in faeces and urine over 72h after the CED injection. The therapeutic effect of (188)Re-SSS LNC was assessed based on animal survival. RESULTS: CED of (188)Re perrhenate solution resulted in rapid drug clearance with a brain T (1/2) of 7h. In contrast, when administered in LNC, (188)Re tissue retention was greatly prolonged, with only 10% of the injected dose being eliminated at 72h. Rat median survival was significantly improved for the group treated with 8Gy (188)Re-SSS LNC compared to the control group and blank LNC-treated animals. The increase in the median survival time was about 80% compared to the control group; 33% of the animals were long-term survivors. The dose of 8Gy proved to be a very effective dose, between toxic (10-12Gy) and ineffective (3-4Gy) doses. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that CED of (188)Re-loaded LNC is a safe and potent anti-tumour system for treating malignant gliomas. Our data are the first to show the in vivo efficacy of (188)Re internal radiotherapy for the treatment of brain malignancy.

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Fichiers liés : Allard_Rhenium188.pdf inserm-00343438_edited.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe RerolleElisa MunteanuMireille DrouetJean-Christophe SzelagBéatrice ChamptiauxFatima YagoubiPierre-Marie PreuxJean-Claude AldigierYann Le Meur
• Organismes : Pharmacologie des Immunosuppresseurs et de la Transplantation Service de Néphrologie, Dialyse, Transplantations [CHU Limoges] Service d'Immunologie et immunogénétique [CHU Limoges] Physiologie Moléculaire de la Réponse Immune et des Lymphoproliférations Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée Service de l'Information Médicale et de l'Évaluation [CHU Limoges] Laboratoire de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale Physiologie Moléculaire de la Réponse Immune et des Lymphoproliférations
• Publié dans Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND: The type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) is involved in the development of fibrosis, and its intrarenal expression is increased in interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA). Moreover, a 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene has been described associating 4G haplotype with higher PAI-1 plasma activity. We investigated the relationship between the donor and recipient PAI-1 polymorphism and kidney graft survival. METHODS: The PAI-1 genotype was determined for both the 304 donors and the 337 corresponding recipients. In recipients, PAI-1 antigen levels were also determined. We compared 4G/4G donors versus donors with other genotypes. RESULTS: Donor or recipient genotype did not influence the PAI-1 plasma level in recipients. Actuarial kidney graft survival was significantly reduced in the 4G/4G donor group (107 months versus 147.5 months, P = 0.013), while recipient PAI-1 genotype did not show any influence on graft survival. Moreover, graft loss due to IFTA proved significantly higher in the 4G/4G donor group (13% versus 6%, P = 0.03). Multivariate analysis showed that the significant independent variables associated with graft loss were the donor 4G/4G genotype, acute clinical rejection and donor age. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that donor PAI-1 polymorphism influences kidney graft survival and that the donor 4G/4G genotype is an independent risk factor for graft loss. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : Karin GérardNicolas BiernePhilippe BorsaAnne ChenuilJean-Pierre Féral
• Organismes : Station Marine d'Endoume Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier Écosystémique des communautés récifales et de leurs usages dans le Pacifique insulaire Station Marine d'Endoume Diversité, évolution et écologie fonctionnelle marine Station Marine d'Endoume Diversité, évolution et écologie fonctionnelle marine
• Publié dans Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : Smooth-shelled mussels, Mytilus spp., have an antitropical distribution. In the Northern Hemisphere, the M. edulis complex of species is composed of three genetically well delineated taxa: M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus. In the Southern Hemisphere, morphological characters, allozymes and intron length polymorphisms suggest that Mytilus spp. populations from South America and Kerguelen Islands are related to M. edulis and those from Australasia to M. galloprovincialis. On the other hand, a phylogeny of the 16S rDNA mitochondrial locus demonstrates a clear distinctiveness of southern mussels and suggests that they are related to Mediterranean M. galloprovincialis. Here, we analysed the faster-evolving cytochrome oxidase subunit I locus. The divergence between haplotypes of populations from the two hemispheres was confirmed and was found to predate the divergence between haplotypes of northern M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis. In addition, strong genetic structure was detected among the southern samples, revealing three genetic entities that correspond to (1) South America and Kerguelen Island, (2) Tasmania, (3) New Zealand. Using the trans-Arctic interchange as a molecular clock calibration, we estimated the time since divergence of populations from the two hemispheres to be between 0.5 million years (MY) and 1.3 MY (average 0.84 MY). The contrasting patterns observed for the nuclear and the organelle genomes suggested two alternative, complex scenarios: two trans-equatorial migrations and the existence of differential barriers to mitochondrial and nuclear gene flow, or a single trans-equatorial migration and a view of the composition of the nuclear genome biased by taxonomic preconception.

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Fichiers liés : 2008_Gérard_Mol.Phyl.Evol._pr_Pleistocene separation of mitochondrial lineages of Mytilus spp. mussels from Northern to Southern hemispheres and strong genetic differentiation among southern populations.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Pré-publication, Document de travail
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : Pierre-Philippe CombesMiren LafourcadeJacques-François ThisseJean-Claude Toutain
• Organismes : Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques Paris School of Economics Center of Operation Research and Econometrics [Louvain] Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques Paris School of Economics Equipe de recherche sur les marches, l'emploi et la simulation Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne

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Résumé : This paper uses a unique database that provides value-added, employment, and population levels for the entire set of French departments for the years 1860, 1930, and 2000. These data cover three sectors: agriculture, manufacturing, and services. This allows us to study the evolution of spatial inequalities within France and to test the empirical relevance of economic geography predictions over the long run. The evidence confirms the existence of a bell-shaped evolution of the spatial concentration of manufacturing and services. In contrast, labor productivity has been converging across departments. Last, our study also confirms the presence of strong agglomeration economies during the full time-period. Market potential during the first sub-period (1860-1930), and higher education during the second (1930-2000), together with sectoral diversity, account for the spatial distribution of these gains.

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Fichiers liés : wp200854.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : Ronan CariouJean-Philippe AntignacDaniel ZalkoAlain BerrebiJean-Pierre CravediDaniel MaumePhilippe MarchandFabrice MonteauAnne RiuFrançois AndreBruno Le Bizec
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments Métabolisme et Xénobiotiques Laboratoire d'étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments
• Publié dans Chemosphere le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : A French monitoring study was initiated to evaluate the exposure of fetus and newborn to brominated flame retardants (BFR). A previously developed multi-residue analytical method was used for measuring the main classes of BFR (tetrabromobisphenol-A, and tri- to decabomodiphenyl ethers) in various human biological matrices. Analyzed samples (maternal and cord serum, adipose tissue and breast milk) were collected from 93 volunteer women during caesarean deliveries. TBBPA was detected in 44% of the analyzed breast milk samples, at levels varying from 0.06 to 37.34 ng g(-1) lipid weight, but was not detected in adipose tissue. This compound was also detected in 30% of the analyzed serum samples, with similar average values in maternal and cord serum (154 pg g(-1) fresh weight versus 199 pg g(-1) fresh weight, respectively). The interpretation of the collected data permitted the demonstration of (1) a significant exposure to TBBPA both for mothers and fetuses and (2) a possible risk of overexposure of newborns through breastfeeding.

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• Type de publi. : Rapport
• Date de publi. : 01/10/2008
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe AntoineLuc BabouletAlain BublexPierre ChabardGeorge DupinGuillemette Morel JournelCatherine de Smet
• Organismes : L'Observatoire de la condition suburbaine L'Observatoire de la condition suburbaine L'Observatoire de la condition suburbaine

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Fichiers liés : MC_BRAUP_AAP_2004_BOU_TXT1_BD.pdf

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