Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Nicolas NagotAbdoulaye OuedraogoHelen A WeissIssouf KonatéAnselme SanonMarie-Christine DeferAdrien SawadogoJean-Baptiste AndonabaR. ValloPierre BecquartMichel SegondyPhilippe MayaudPhilippe van de Perre
• Organismes : Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Laboratoire de Virologie [CHRU Montpellier] Université Montpellier 1 Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou [Bobo-Dioulasso] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou [Bobo-Dioulasso] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Laboratoire de Virologie [CHRU Montpellier] Université Montpellier 1 Laboratoire de Virologie [CHRU Montpellier] Université Montpellier 1 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Laboratoire de Virologie [CHRU Montpellier] Université Montpellier 1
• Publié dans Sexually Transmitted Infections le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) could decrease HIV-1 transmissibility by reducing genital and plasma HIV-1 RNA. Methods: We evaluated the effect of HAART on genital and plasma HIV-1 RNA in a cohort of 39 antiretroviral-naïve women in Burkina Faso. Cervico-vaginal lavages were collected before HAART initiation and at six visits over 28 weeks while on HAART. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at three and four visits for CD4 and plasma HIV-1 RNA measurements, respectively. Results: Before HAART, 72% of women had detectable genital HIV-1 RNA. After 18 weeks on HAART, only one woman (2.5%) had detectable plasma HIV-1 RNA and two women (5.1%) had detectable genital HIV-1 RNA. Similar results were observed at each follow-up visit. However, 16/34 (47%) women with consistently undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA shed HIV-1 at least once between weeks 18 and 28. In samples with detectable genital HIV-1, the mean quantity of HIV-1 RNA decreased from 3.87 prior to HAART to 3.04 log10 copies/mL at last visit (median 29 weeks; a 6.8-fold decrease in absolute number of copies/mL) (p = 0.04). A significant median CD4 lymphocyte cell gain of 121 cells/μL (interquartile range 59 to 204) was measured between pre-HAART and last visit. Conclusion: These findings suggest that HAART could play a role in reducing HIV transmission in Africa; however, they underscore the need to emphasise safe sex practices with patients taking HAART.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Olivier BriantClaude LemaréchalPhilippe MeurdesoifS. MichelNancy PerrotFrançois Vanderbeck
• Organismes : Optimisation Combinatoire Modelling, Simulation, Control and Optimization of Non-Smooth Dynamical Systems Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux Reformulations based algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization Reformulations based algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées du Havre Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux Reformulations based algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization
• Publié dans Mathematical Programming le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : When a column generation approach is applied to decomposable mixed integer programming problems, it is standard to formulate and solve the master problem as a linear program. Seen in the dual space, this results in the algorithm known in the nonlinear programming community as the cutting-plane algorithm of Kelley and Cheney-Goldstein. However, more stable methods with better theoretical convergence rates are known and have been used as alternatives to this standard. One of them is the bundle method; our aim is to illustrate its differences with Kelley's method. In the process we review alternative stabilization techniques used in column generation, comparing them from both primal and dual points of view. Numerical comparisons are presented for five applications: cutting stock (which includes bin packing), vertex coloring, capacitated vehicle routing, multi-item lot sizing, and traveling salesman. We also give a sketchy comparison with the volume algorithm.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Basile ChaixPierre DucimetièreThierry LangBernadette HaasMichèle MontayeJean-Bernard RuidavetsDominique ArveilerPhillippe AmouyelJean FerrièresAnnie BinghamPierre Chauvin
• Organismes : ESIM - Déterminants Sociaux de la Santé et du Recours aux Soins Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique Epidémiologie et Analyses en Santé Publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicap Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations Epidémiologie et Analyses en Santé Publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicap Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations Epidémiologie et Analyses en Santé Publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicap Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique ESIM - Déterminants Sociaux de la Santé et du Recours aux Soins CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP]
• Publié dans Journal of Hypertension le 23/10/2020

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Résumé : OBJECTIVES: Few studies have examined whether social characteristics of the residential environment are associated with blood pressure after controlling for individual sociodemographic characteristics. Even less is known about the processes by which these associations operate. Therefore, we examined whether distinct dimensions of the residential environment (socioeconomic position and urbanicity) were associated with systolic blood pressure. To better understand the processes involved in the associations between contextual factors and blood pressure, we assessed the extent to which these associations were mediated by body mass index and waist circumference. METHODS: We analysed data from the PRIME Study (7850, 50-60-year-old men surveyed in 1991-1993 in three French regions and recently geocoded on a local scale). We used multilevel regression models to estimate associations between contextual factors and blood pressure, and path analysis to investigate possible mediators of these associations. RESULTS: After adjustment for individual socioeconomic variables, systolic blood pressure increased independently with decreasing municipality population density and decreasing neighbourhood educational level. Path analysis indicated that approximately 37% of the association between neighbourhood education and blood pressure was statistically explained by the heavier weight and stronger central adiposity of people from deprived neighbourhoods. Approximately 19% of the association with population density was mediated by anthropometric factors. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the neighbourhood environment may influence blood pressure; only part of the associations between contextual factors and blood pressure may operate through body weight and body shape modification.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Karim AdjouPierre DildaPascal AumondSalah GueddariJean-Philippe DeslysDominique DormontMichel Seman
• Organismes : Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques
• Publié dans Neurochemistry International le 01/11/2020

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• Type de publi. : Autre publication
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Fabrice BethuelPhilippe GravejatJean-Claude Saut
• Organismes : Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay

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Résumé : Cet exposé présente des résultats récents sur les ondes progressives pour l'équation de Gross-Pitaevskii: la construction d'une branche d'ondes progressives non constantes d'énergie finie en dimensions deux et trois par un argument variationnel de minimisation sous contraintes, ainsi que la non-existence d'ondes progressives non constantes d'énergie petite en dimension trois.

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Fichiers liés : SemiXEdp.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Agnès ElmalehPh. SainctavitAnne-Line AuzendeBertrand Devouard
• Organismes : Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Pascaline Le GouarAlexandre RobertJean-Pierre ChoisySylvain HenriquetPhilippe LecuyerChristian TessierFrançois Sarrazin
• Organismes : Conservation des espèces, Restauration et Suivi des Populations
• Publié dans Ecological Applications le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : The success of reintroduction programs greatly depends on the amount of mortality and dispersal of the released individuals. Although local environmental pressures are likely to play an important role in these processes, they have rarely been investigated because of the lack of spatial replicates of reintroduction. In the present study, we analyzed a 25‐year data set encompassing 272 individuals released in five reintroduction programs of Griffon Vultures ( Gyps fulvus ) in France to examine the respective roles of survival and dispersal in program successes and failures. We use recent developments in multi‐strata capture–recapture models to take into account tag loss in survival estimates and to consider and estimate dispersal among release areas. We also examined the effects of sex, age, time, area, and release status on survival, and we tested whether dispersal patterns among release areas were consistent with habitat selection theories. Results indicated that the survival of released adults was reduced during the first year after release, with no difference between sexes. Taking into account local observations only, we found that early survival rates varied across sites. However when we distinguished dispersal from mortality, early survival rates became equal across release sites. It thus appears that among reintroduction programs difference in failure and success was due to differential dispersal among release sites. We revealed asymmetrical patterns of dispersal due to conspecific attraction: dispersers selected the closest and the largest population. We showed that mortality can be homogeneous from one program to another while, on the contrary, dispersal is highly dependent on the matrix of established populations. Dispersal behavior is thus of major interest for metapopulation restoration and should be taken into account in planning reintroduction designs.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Laurence BianchiniGeorges MaireBernard GuillotJean-Marie JoujouxPhilippe FollanaMarie-Pierre SimonJean-Michel CoindreFlorence Pedeutour
• Organismes : Institut de signalisation, biologie du développement et cancer - Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer Laboratory of Solid Tumors Genetics Institut de signalisation, biologie du développement et cancer - Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer Laboratory of Solid Tumors Genetics Department de Dermatologie Départment de Pathologie Institut de signalisation, biologie du développement et cancer - Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer Laboratory of Solid Tumors Genetics Institut de signalisation, biologie du développement et cancer - Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer Laboratoire d'anatomopathologie Institut de signalisation, biologie du développement et cancer - Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer Laboratory of Solid Tumors Genetics
• Publié dans Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin le 04/10/2012

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Résumé : Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, dermal neoplasm of intermediate malignancy. It is made of spindle-shaped tumor cells in a storiform pattern positive for CD34. Cytogenetically, DFSP cells are characterized by either supernumerary ring chromosomes composed of sequences derived from chromosomes 17 and 22 or more rarely of translocations t(17;22). These chromosomal rearrangements lead to the formation of a specific chimeric gene fusing COL1A1 to PDGFB. So far, the COL1A1-PDGFB fusion gene remains the sole fusion gene identified in DFSP. However, some observations suggest that genes, other than COL1A1 and PDGFB, might be involved in some DFSP cases. We report in this paper a DFSP case presenting as a unique chromosomal abnormality a complex translocation between chromosomes 5 and 8. This is the first report of a DFSP case where the lack of chromosomes 17 and 22 rearrangement and the absence of COL1A1-PDGFB fusion gene have been demonstrated. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, we showed that the CSPG2 gene at 5q14.3 and the PTK2B gene at 8p21.2 were disrupted by this rearrangement. Although rare, the existence of cases of DFSP negative for the COL1A1-PDGFB fusion has to be taken in consideration when performing molecular diagnosis for a tumor suspected to be a DFSP.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Nicolas ObinJean-Philippe GoldmanMathieu AvanziAnne Lacheret-Dujour
• Organismes : Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Traitement du Langage Modèles, Dynamiques, Corpus Chaire de Linguistique du Français Moderne Modèles, Dynamiques, Corpus

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Résumé : This paper presents the inner details of three different algorithms for prominence detection. On the basis of a 50- minute corpus made of five speaking styles and manually annotated for prominence, a quantitative evaluation compares the three approaches

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Fichiers liés : JEP_prom_vdef.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2008
• Auteurs : Philippe AmatWilliam PuechSébastien DruonJean-Pierre Pedeboy
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier Image & Interaction Interactive Digital Humans Stratégies S.A. [Rungis]
• Publié dans Traitement du Signal le 23/10/2020

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Résumé : Day by day, the amount of digital data has been rapidly increasing on the Internet. The size of 3D objects is very large and these objects need fast transmissions. Moreover, 3D data security becomes increasingly important for many applications, e.g., confidential transmission, video surveillance, military and medical applications. In this paper we present two new approaches of 3D object data hiding without changing the position of vertices in the 3D space. The main idea of the two proposed methods is to find and to synchronize particular areas of the 3D objects used to embed the message. The embedding is done by changing the connectivity of edges in the selected areas composed of quadrangles. The first proposed approach of data hiding in 3D objects is based on minimum spanning tree (MST) while the second approach is based on the projection on a secret axis of the quadrangle centers. These methods are lossless in the sense that the positions of the vertices are unchanged. Moreover they are blind and do not depend of the order of the data in the files. These two approaches are very interesting when the 3D objects have been digitalized with high precision.

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Fichiers liés : 2007010V3.pdf

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