Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 02/12/2008
• Auteurs : Emmanuelle RenardChristos E ChadjichristosMagdalini KypriotouGallic BeauchefPascal BordatAnne DompmartinRussell WidomKarim BoumédieneJean-Pierre PujolPhilippe Galéra
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Biochimie du tissu conjonctif CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie IFR146 Laboratoire de Biochimie du tissu conjonctif CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie IFR146 CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie Laboratoire de Biochimie du tissu conjonctif IFR146 CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie Laboratoire de Biochimie du tissu conjonctif IFR146 Centre de Recherche Pierre Fabre Service de Dermatologie [CHU Caen] Boston University School of Medicine CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie Laboratoire de Biochimie du tissu conjonctif IFR146 CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie Laboratoire de Biochimie du tissu conjonctif IFR146 CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie Laboratoire de Biochimie du tissu conjonctif IFR146
• Publié dans Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : Despite several investigations, the transcriptional mechanisms which regulate the expression of both type I collagen genes (COL1A1 and COL1A2) in either physiological or pathological situations, such as scleroderma, are not completely known. In this study, we determined the effects of both native ichtyan chondroïtin sulphate (CS) and its derived hydrolytic fragments (CSf) on human normal (NF) and scleroderma (SF) fibroblasts. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that CS and CSf exert an inhibitory effect on type I collagen protein synthesis and decrease the corresponding mRNA steady-state levels of COL1A1 and COL1A2 in NF and SF. These glycosaminoglycan molecules repress COL1A1 gene transcription through a -112/-61 bp sequence upstream the start site of transcription and imply hc-Krox and Sp1 transcription factors. In addition, CS and CSf induced a down-regulation of TbetaRI expression. As a conclusion, our findings highlight a possible new role for CS and CSf as anti-fibrotic molecules and could help in elucidating the mechanisms of action by which CS and CSf exert their inhibitory effect on type I collagen synthesis.

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• Type de publi. : Ouvrage (y compris édition critique et traduction)
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2008
• Auteurs : Pierre CharbonnierJean-Philippe TarelSio Song Ieng
• Organismes : Centre d'études techniques de l'équipement Est Laboratoire Exploitation, Perception, Simulateurs et Simulations Laboratoire Exploitation, Perception, Simulateurs et Simulations

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Résumé : Schématiquement, résoudre un problème inverse revient à essayer de restituer la réalité à partir d'une image partielle et/ou brouillée. Les problèmes inverses constituent un domaine foisonnant; les applications sont multiples, les problématiques diverses et les méthodes utilisées forcément variées. Cet ouvrage collectif réalise un état de l'art sur différentes techniques inverses utilisées au sein du réseau scientifique et technique du Ministère de l'écologie, de l'énergie, du développement durable et de l'aménagement du territoire, dans le cadre de la mécanique et du génie civil en particulier. On y aborde des problèmes inverses divers : identification de paramètres mécaniques d'un compacteur, de paramètres modaux, d'un système discret hystérétique, identification des causes, détection et reconnaissance d'images, optimisation de mur anti-bruit, détermination d'hétérogénéités et aussi plusieurs problèmes de tomographie appliqués à la géophysique et à l'auscultation d'ouvrages d'art. Les méthodes de résolution numérique proposées vont des méthodes maintenant classiques d'optimisation dans le cadre régulier ou convexe, aux méthodes dites métaheuristiques de minimisation globale pour lesquelles est joint un cederom contenant une boîte à outil en langage Scilab.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2008
• Auteurs : Patricia FrancoJosé GroswasserSonia ScailletJean-Pol LanquartAbraham BenatarJean-Pierre SastrePhilippe ChevalierBéatrice Beatrice.Kugener@chu-Lyon1.Fr KugenerAndré KahnJian-Sheng Lin
• Organismes : Physiologie integrée du système d'éveil Unité de Sommeil Pédiatrique Pediatric Sleep Unit Pediatric Sleep Unit Sleep Unit Pediatric Cardiology Physiologie integrée du système d'éveil Unité de Sommeil Pédiatrique Department of Cardiology Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Physiologie integrée du système d'éveil Unité de Sommeil Pédiatrique Pediatric Sleep Unit Physiologie integrée du système d'éveil Unité de Sommeil Pédiatrique
• Publié dans Sleep le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : OBJECTIVE: Previous data have suggested that a prolonged QTc interval during the first days of life can be associated with some cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Analysis of heart rate variability during sleep in future SIDS victims has shown findings compatible with an imbalance in autonomic tone. We hypothesized that some future SIDS infants could have longer QTc intervals during sleep, compared with healthy control infants, and that this difference would correlate with the autonomic imbalance already found in these infants. METHODS: QTc intervals and a heart rate autoregressive power spectral analysis were calculated during the same periods in the polysomnographic sleep recordings of 18 infants who eventually died of SIDS and of 18 control infants. The control infants were matched for sex, gestational age, postnatal age, birth weight, and sleep position. The median postnatal age was 8 weeks. RESULTS: Compared with control infants, future SIDS victims were characterized by having longer QTc intervals during total sleep (P = 0.019), rapid eye movement sleep (P = 0.045) and non-rapid eye movement sleep (P = 0.029). When the night was divided into 3 equal parts, this difference was always present but was most marked during the last part of the night. There was, respectively, a negative and a positive correlation between parasympathetic activity and sympathovagal balance and median and maximum QTc interval values. CONCLUSION: Compared with QTc intervals in matched control infants, QTc intervals were increased in future SIDS victims. Such a prolongation could be related to the autonomic dysfunction already reported in these patients.

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Fichiers liés : QTSLEEPnewcopy3.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2008
• Auteurs : Martine EckertMitsuhiro HayashibeDavid GuiraudPierre-Brice WieberPhilippe Fraisse
• Organismes : IMERIR Artificial movement and gait restoration Artificial movement and gait restoration Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier Modelling, Simulation, Control and Optimization of Non-Smooth Dynamical Systems Artificial movement and gait restoration

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Résumé : Mathematical models of the skeletal muscle can support the development of neu-roprotheses to restore functional movements in individuals with motor deficien-cies by the means of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). Since many years, numerous skeletal muscle models have been proposed to express the relationship between muscle activation and generated force. One of them (Makssoud et al [2]-[3]), integrates the Hill model [5] and the physiological one based on Huxley work [4] allowing the muscle activation under FES. We propose in this paper an impro-vement of this model by modifying the activation part. These improvements are highlighted through the HuMAnS toolbox [1] using a 3D biomechanical model of human named Human 36. This article describes this toolbox and the software implementation of the model. Then, we present the results of the simulation.

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Fichiers liés : Summary.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2008
• Auteurs : Jean-Marc BarretAnna KruczynskiStéphane VispéJean-Philippe AnnereauViviane BrelYves GuminskiJean-Guy DelcrosAmélie LansiauxNicolas GuilbaudThierry ImbertChristian Bailly
• Organismes : Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Expérimentale Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Expérimentale Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Expérimentale Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Expérimentale Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Expérimentale Division de Chimie Médicinale III Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Expérimentale Division de Chimie Médicinale III Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Expérimentale
• Publié dans Cancer Research le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : The polyamine transport system (PTS) is an energy-dependent machinery frequently overactivated in cancer cells with a high demand for polyamines. We have exploited the PTS to selectively deliver a polyamine-containing drug to cancer cells. F14512 combines an epipodophyllotoxin core-targeting topoisomerase II with a spermine moiety introduced as a cell delivery vector. The polyamine tail supports three complementary functions: (a) facilitate formulation of a water-soluble compound, (b) increase DNA binding to reinforce topoisomerase II inhibition, and (c) facilitate selective uptake by tumor cells via the PTS. F14512 is 73-fold more cytotoxic to Chinese hamster ovary cells compared with CHO-MG cells with a reduced PTS activity. A decreased sensitivity of L1210 leukemia cells to F14512 was observed in the presence of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. In parallel, the spermine moiety considerably enhances the drug-DNA interaction, leading to a reinforced inhibition of topoisomerase II. The spermine tail of F14512 serves as a cell delivery vehicle as well as a DNA anchor, and this property translates at the cellular level into a distinct pharmacologic profile. Twenty-nine human solid or hematologic cell lines were used to characterize the high cytotoxic potential of F14512 (median IC50 of 0.18 micromol/L). Finally, the potent antitumor activity of F14512 in vivo was evidenced with a MX1 human breast tumor xenograft model, with partial and complete tumor regressions. This work supports the clinical development of F14512 as a novel targeted cytotoxic drug and sheds light on the concept of selective delivery of drugs to tumor cells expressing the PTS.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2008
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe TarelSio Song IengPierre Charbonnier
• Organismes : Division Exploitation-Signalisation-Éclairage Division Exploitation-Signalisation-Éclairage Centre d'études techniques de l'équipement Est
• Publié dans Advances in Data Analysis and Classification le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : We consider the problem of multiple fitting of linearly parametrized curves, that arises in many computer vision problems such as road scene analysis. Data extracted from images usually contain non-Gaussian noise and outliers, which makes classical estimation methods ineffective. In this paper, we first introduce a family of robust probability density functions which appears to be well-suited to many real-world problems. Also, such noise models are suitable for defining continuation heuristics to escape shallow local minima and their robustness is devised in terms of breakdown point. Second, the usual Iterative Reweighted Least Squares (IRLS) robust estimator is extended to the problem of robustly estimating sets of linearly parametrized curves. The resulting, non convex optimization problem is tackled within a Lagrangian approach, leading to the so-called Simultaneous Robust Multiple Fitting (SRMF) algorithm, whose global convergence to a local minimum is proved using results from constrained optimization theory.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2008
• Auteurs : Pierre‐philippe LuyetThomas FalguièresVéronique PonsAsit K PattnaikJean Gruenberg
• Organismes : Université de Genève = University of Geneva Université de Genève = University of Geneva Université de Genève = University of Geneva University of Nebraska–Lincoln Université de Genève = University of Geneva
• Publié dans Traffic le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : Like other enveloped viruses, vesicular stomatitis virus infects cells through endosomes. There, the viral envelope undergoes fusion with endosomal membranes, thereby releasing the nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm and allowing infection to proceed. Previously, we reported that the viral envelope fuses preferentially with the membrane of vesicles present within multivesicular endosomes. Then, these intra-endosomal vesicles (containing nucleocapsids) are transported to late endosomes, where back-fusion with the endosome limiting membrane delivers the nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm. In this study, we show that the tumor susceptibility gene 101 (Tsg101) subunit of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT)-I complex, which mediates receptor sorting into multivesicular endosomes, is dispensable for viral envelope fusion with endosomal membranes and viral RNA transport to late endosomes but is necessary for infection. Our data indicate that Tsg101, in contrast to the ESCRT-0 component Hrs, plays a direct role in nucleocapsid release from within multivesicular endosomes to the cytoplasm, presumably by controlling the back-fusion process. We conclude that Tsg101, through selective interactions with its partners including Hrs and Alix, may link receptor sorting and lysosome targeting to the back-fusion process involved in viral capsid release.

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Fichiers liés : Traffic - 2008 - Luyet - The ESCRT‐I Subunit TSG101 Controls Endosome‐to‐Cytosol Release of Viral RNA.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2008
• Auteurs : Laurent ZiniPaul PerrotteClaudio JeldresUmberto CapitanioDaniel PharandPhilippe ArjaneSteven LapointeFrancesco MontorsiJean-Jacques PatardPierre I. Karakiewicz
• Organismes : Service d'urologie [Rennes] = Urology [Rennes] Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcome Unit
• Publié dans BJU International le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : OBJECTIVES: To examine the cancer-specific survival of patients treated with nephrectomy and compared it to that of patients managed without surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 43,143 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) identified in the 1988-2004 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database, 7068 had locally advanced RCC and with no distant metastasis. These patients had a nephrectomy (6786, 96.0%) or no surgical therapy (282, 4.0%). Multivariable Cox regression models, and matched and unmatched Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, were used to compare the effect of nephrectomy vs non-surgical therapy on cancer-specific survival. Also, competing-risks regression models adjusted for the effect of other-cause mortality. Covariates and matching variables consisted of age, gender, tumour size and year of diagnosis. RESULTS: The 1-, 2-, 5- and 10-year cancer-specific survival of patients who had nephrectomy was 88.9%, 88.1%, 68.6% and 57.5%, vs 44.8%, 30.6%, 14.5% and 10.6% for non-surgical therapy. In multivariable analyses, relative to nephrectomy, non-surgical therapy was associated with a 5.8-fold higher rate of cancer-specific mortality (P < 0.001). Non-surgical therapy was also associated with a 5.1-fold higher rate of cancer-specific mortality in matched analyses (P < 0.001). Finally, competing-risks regression confirmed the statistical significance of the variable defining treatment type (nephrectomy vs non-surgical therapy) in multivariable and matched analyses (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Relative to non-surgical treatment, nephrectomy improves the cancer-specific survival of patients with locally advanced RCC; our findings await prospective confirmation.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2008
• Auteurs : Loïc de PontualPhilippe OvetchkineDiana RodriguezAudrey GrantAnne PuelJacinta BustamanteSabine PlancoulaineLaurent YonaPierre‐yves LienhartDanièle DehesdinMichel HuerreRégis TournebizePhilippe SansonettiLaurent AbelJean Laurent Casanova
• Organismes : Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases
• Publié dans Clinical Infectious Diseases le 30/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2008
• Auteurs : Sylvain RheimsPhilippe RyvlinClarisse SchererLorella MinottiDominique M. HoffmannMarc GuénotFrançois MauguièreAlim-Louis BenabidPhilippe Kahane
• Organismes : Service de neurologie fonctionnelle et d'épileptologie [Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer-HCL] Centre Thématique de Recherche et de Soins - Institut des Épilepsies de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent = IDEE Epilepsy Institute Service de neurologie fonctionnelle et d'épileptologie [Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer-HCL] Centre Thématique de Recherche et de Soins - Institut des Épilepsies de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent = IDEE Epilepsy Institute Équipe Dynamique Cérébrale et Cognition - Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences Department of Neurosurgery Service de neurologie fonctionnelle et d'épileptologie [Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer-HCL] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences Department of Neurosurgery
• Publié dans Epilepsia le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND: Hypermotor seizures (HMS) are characterized by complex movements involving the proximal segment of the limbs and trunk. Although they are primarily reported in mesial frontal or orbitofrontal epilepsies, they have also been described in patients with temporal or insular epilepsies, questioning the localizing value of HMS in patients contemplating epilepsy surgery. Furthermore, HMS can include different forms of HM behaviors. Whether these clinical variations may be systematized and may reflect different locations of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) has not been evaluated yet. METHODS: We have retrospectively analyzed ictal signs and intracerebral EEG data in 11 patients presenting with HMS who became seizure free following epilepsy surgery with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. Clinical phenomena were reviewed blinded to seizure onset zone. RESULTS: Two types of HMS could be distinguished in this population: HMS1, observed in six patients, mainly consisted of marked agitation that either included body rocking, kicking, or boxing, associated with a facial expression of fear. HMS2, observed in the five other patients, mainly consisted of mild agitation that included either horizontal movements or rotation of trunk and pelvis while lying on the bed, usually associated with tonic/dystonic posturing. SEEG findings showed that the EZ associated with HMS1 was mainly centered on the ventromesial frontal cortex. Conversely, HMS2 was primarily associated with an EZ localized within the mesial premotor cortex. CONCLUSIONS: Although these findings remain to be confirmed by larger studies, they may help optimize the placement of intracerebral electrodes in patients contemplating epilepsy surgery.

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