Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Pierre AbadJerome GouzyJean-Marc AuryPhilippe Castagnone-SerenoEtienne G.J. DanchinEmeline DeleuryLaetitia Perfus-BarbeochVéronique AnthouardFrançois ArtiguenaveVivian C. BlokMarie-Cécile CaillaudPedro M CoutinhoCorinne Da SilvaFrancesca de LucaFlorence DeauMagali EsquibetTimothée FlutreJared V. GoldstoneNoureddine HamamouchTarek HeweziOlivier JaillonClaire JubinPaola LeonettiMarc MaglianoTom R. MaierGabriel V. MarkovPaul McveighGraziano PesoleJulie PoulainMarc Robinson-RechaviErika SalletBéatrice SegurensDelphine SteinbachTom TytgatEdgardo UgarteCyril van GhelderPasqua VeronicoThomas J. BaumMark BlaxterTeresa Bleve-ZacheoEric L. DavisJ.J. EwbankBruno FaveryEric GrenierBernard HenrissatJohn T. JonesVincent LaudetAaron G. MauleHadi QuesnevilleMarie-Noëlle RossoThomas SchiexGeert SmantJean WeissenbachPatrick Wincker
• Organismes : Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes Génomique métabolique Laboratoire de Bioinformatique pour la Génomique et la Biodiversité Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Interactions plantes-microorganismes et santé végétale Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Scottish Crop Research Institute Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques Génomique métabolique Laboratoire de Bioinformatique pour la Génomique et la Biodiversité Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes Unité de Recherche Génomique Info Biology Department Department of Plant Pathology Department of Plant Pathology Génomique métabolique Génomique métabolique Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Department of Plant Pathology School of Biological Sciences Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biologia moleculare Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Department of Ecology and Evolution Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Unité de Recherche Génomique Info Laboratory of Nematology Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante Department of Plant Pathology Institute of Evolutionary Biology Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante North Carolina State University [Raleigh] Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Scottish Crop Research Institute Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 School of Biolgical Sciences Unité de Recherche Génomique Info Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Unité de Biométrie et Intelligence Artificielle (ancêtre de MIAT) Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] Génomique métabolique Génomique métabolique
• Publié dans Nature Biotechnology le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : Plant-parasitic nematodes are major agricultural pests worldwide and novel approaches to control them are sorely needed. We report the draft genome sequence of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, a biotrophic parasite of many crops, including tomato, cotton and coffee. Most of the assembled sequence of this asexually reproducing nematode, totaling 86 Mb, exists in pairs of homologous but divergent segments. This suggests that ancient allelic regions in M. incognita are evolving toward effective haploidy, permitting new mechanisms of adaptation. The number and diversity of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes in M. incognita is unprecedented in any animal for which a genome sequence is available, and may derive from multiple horizontal gene transfers from bacterial sources. Our results provide insights into the adaptations required by metazoans to successfully parasitize immunocompetent plants, and open the way for discovering new antiparasitic strategies

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Fabrice CourtinVincent JamonneauGérard DuvalletAndré GarciaBamoro CoulibalyJean-Pierre DoumengueGilles CunyPhilippe Solano
• Organismes : Centre international de recherche-développement sur l'élevage en zone subhumide Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 Centre international de recherche-développement sur l'élevage en zone subhumide Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive Institut Pierre Richet [Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire] Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 UMR Trypanosomes Centre international de recherche-développement sur l'élevage en zone subhumide
• Publié dans Tropical Medicine and International Health le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : Objective To review the geography and history of sleeping sickness (Human African trypanosomiasis; HAT) over the past 100 years in West Africa, to identify priority areas for sleeping sickness surveillance and areas where HAT no longer seems active.Method History and geography of HAT were summarized based on a review of old reports and recent publications and on recent results obtained from medical surveys conducted in West Africa up to 2006.Results/conclusions Active HAT foci seem to have moved from the North to the South. Endemic HAT presently appears to be limited to areas where annual rainfall exceeds 1200 mm, although the reasons for this remain unknown. There has also been a shift towards the south of the isohyets and of the northern distribution limit of tsetse. Currently, the most severely affected countries are Guinea and Ivory Coast, whereas the northern countries seem less affected. However, many parts of West Africa still lack information on HAT and remain to be investigated. Of particular interest are the consequences of the recent political crisis in Ivory Coast and the resulting massive population movements, given the possible consequences on HAT in neighbouring countries.

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• Type de publi. : Autre publication
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Philippe BarralGilles BossuetJean-Yves MarcJacques MonnierPierre NouvelMatthieu Thivet
• Organismes : Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) Étude des Civilisations de l'Antiquité : de la Préhistoire à Byzance Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249)

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Abdessalem AbbassiOlivier BonroyJean-Philippe Gervais
• Organismes : Université Laval [Québec] Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée = Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory Université Laval [Québec]
• Publié dans Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics / Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : Supply management in Canada is facing broad trade liberalization pressures. This paper uses a spatial equilibrium trade model to simulate the impacts of various trade liberalization scenarios in the Canadian dairy industry. The results critically hinge on the relationship between increased market access and the market sharing quota (MSQ) at the farm level. Two different MSQ decision rules are simulated: (i) global output at the farm level remains unchanged following liberalization; and (ii) the MSQ is reduced to support the unit production quota rent at its preliberalization level. The results show that if the MSQ is held constant following a potential compromise in the Doha Round, retail prices of fluid milk and cheese would decrease by about 5%. These price movements can be negated by a 1.4% cut in the global MSQ at the farm level. Net welfare gains in the Canadian dairy sector following market access reforms range between $48.2 and $64.2 million when evaluated at the 2003–04 world prices.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe GervaisOlivier BonroySteve Couture
• Organismes : North Carolina State University [Raleigh] Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée = Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory Université Laval [Québec]
• Publié dans Agribusiness le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : Cost functions of three Canadian food processing sectors (meat, bakery and dairy) are estimated using provincial data. A translog functional form is used and the concavity property of the cost function is imposed locally. The Morishima substitution elasticities and scale elasticities are computed for different provinces. Inference is carried out using asymptotic theory as well as bootstrap methods. The evidence suggests that there are significant substitution possibilities between the agricultural input and other production factors in the meat and bakerysectors. Scale elasticities suggest that increasing returns to scale are present in bakery and meat industries. To account for supply management in the dairy sector, separability between raw milk and other inputs was introduced. There exists evidence of increasing returns to scale at the industry level in the small producing provinces, but decreasing returns to scale in the two largest dairy provinces (Ontario and Quebec).

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Benjamin BoisL. WaldPhilippe PieriCornelis van LeeuwenL. CommagnacPh. CheryM. ChristenJean-Pierre J.-P. GaudillereEtienne Saur
• Organismes : Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Centre Énergétique et Procédés Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Transfert Sol-Plante et Cycle des Eléments Minéraux dans les Ecosystèmes Cultivés École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux
• Publié dans Journal International des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : Aims: This paper presents a study of spatial and temporal variations in solar radiation for the Bordeaux winegrowing region, over a 20 year period (1986-2005). Methods and results: Solar radiation data was retrieved from the HelioClim-1 database, elaborated from Meteosat satellite images, using the Hetiosat-2 algorithm. Daily data was interpolated using ordinary kriging to produce horizontal solar radiation maps at a 500 m resolution. Then using a digital elevation model, 50 m resolution daily solar radiation maps with terrain integration were produced for the period 2001-2005. The long term (20 year) analysis of solar radiation at low spatial resolution (500 rm showed a west to east decreasing gradient within the Bordeaux winegrowing region. Mean August-to-September daily irradiation values, on horizontal surface, were used to classify the Bordeaux winegrowing region into three zones: low, medium, and high solar radiation areas. This initial zoning was downscaled to 50 m resolution, applying a local correction ratio, based on 2001-2005 solar radiation from the inclined surface analysis. Grapevine development and maturation potential of the different zones of appellation of origin of Bordeaux winegrowing regions are discussed in relation with this zoning. Conclusion: Solar radiation variability within the Bordeaux winegrowing region is mainly governed by terrain slopes and orientations, which induce considerable variations within the eastern part of Bordeaux vineyards. Significance and impact of study: Solar radiation has a major impact on vineyard water balance, grapevine development and berry ripening. However, irradiation data is seldom available in weather stations records. This paper highlights the need for high resolution mapping of solarradiation that uses remote sensing and terrain effect integration for agroclimatic studies in viticulture.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Laurence DrouilhetAmélie PaillissonMartine BontouxEric JeanpierreS. MazerbourgPhilippe Monget
• Organismes : Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] Université de Lorraine Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly]
• Publié dans Molecular Reproduction and Development le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : During folliculogenesis, oocytes accumulate maternal mRNAs in preparation for the first steps of early embryogenesis. The processing of oocyte mRNAs is ensured by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) genes that encode RNA binding proteins implied in mRNA biogenesis, translation, alternative splicing, nuclear exportation, and degradation. In the present work, by combining phylogenetic analyses and, when available, in silico expression data, we have identified three new oocyte-expressed genes encoding RNA binding proteins by using two strategies. Firstly, we have identified mouse orthologs of the Car1 gene, known to be involved in regulation of germ cell apoptosis in C. elegans, and of the Squid gene, required for the establishment of anteroposterior polarity in the Drosophila oocyte. Secondly, we have identified, among genes whose ESTs are highly represented in oocyte libraries, a paralog of Poly(A) binding protein-Interacting Protein 2 (Paip2) gene, known to inhibit the interaction of the Poly(A)-Binding Protein with Poly(A) tails of mRNAs. For all of these genes, the expression in oocyte was verified by in situ hybridization. Overall, this work underlines the efficiency of in silico methodologies to identify new genes involved in biological processes such as oogenesis. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1691-1700, 2008. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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• Type de publi. :
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Doummar NammourJeannine PizzolChristine PoncetJean-Pierre ZieglerSophie VoisinP. ReynaudN. OlivierB. ParisPascal Maignet
• Organismes : Institut Sophia Agrobiotech Institut Sophia Agrobiotech Institut Sophia Agrobiotech Institut Sophia Agrobiotech Institut Sophia Agrobiotech Laboratoire National de Protection des Végétaux Chambre d'Agriculture des Alpes Maritimes Chambre d'Agriculture des Alpes Maritimes Biotop

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Résumé : Thrips have become major pests in rose greenhouses of southern France and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs do not provide reliable control in summer. This study was undertaken in 2006, on 2 three rose cultivars ('Aubade', 'Miss Paris' and 'Sayonara'), in two 130 M greenhouses at the CREAT experimental station (Nice, Alpes Maritimes, France). The predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) [Acarina: Phytoseiidae], currently the beneficial most widely used against these pests, is of limited efficiency where temperatures are high and thrips infestation severe. We therefore supplemented the use of N. cucumeris with another predator, Franklinothrips vespiformis (Crawford) [Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae]. Thrips were sampled using a rose shaking method to assess their population dynamics. Seven different species of thrips were identified in the samples. Thrips tabaci Lindeman and Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande were the most abundant. Two different species belonging to the Aeolothrips genus were also present. The combined use of F. vespiformis and N. cucumeris during the period of high thrips infestation in the greenhouse gave a better result than the use of N. cucumeris alone.

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• Type de publi. : Chapître d'ouvrage
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Guillaume E PorrazPierre-Jean TexierJean-Philippe RigaudJohn ParkingtonCedrik PoggenpoelD.L. Roberts
• Organismes : Centre d'Études Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie

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• Type de publi. : Rapport
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2008
• Auteurs : Anne BouchetteJean-Michel BeausoleilMarilyne BovagneIsabel FigueiralGuy LintzAlexandra Hanry-BesombesChristophe ManiquetPierre MilleHenri PigeyrePhilippe PoirierFrédérique Robin
• Organismes : Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes

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