Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 15/04/2007
• Auteurs : Pierre KrystkowiakSophie Tezenas Du MontcelLaurent VercueilJean-Luc HouetoChristelle LagrangePhilippe CornuSerge BlondAlim-Louis BenabidPierre PollakMarie Vidailhet
• Organismes : Noyaux gris centraux CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Département de neurologie Biologie de la communication cellulaire Service de neurologie [CHU de Poitiers] Département de neurologie Biologie de la communication cellulaire CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Service de neuro-chirurgie Biologie de la communication cellulaire Département de neurochirurgie Département de neurologie Biologie de la communication cellulaire CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP] Neurologie et thérapeutique expérimentale
• Publié dans Movement Disorders le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND: The multicenter SPIDY trial (pallidal stimulation for generalized, idiopathic dystonia) recently reported a marked improvement in dystonia which was assessed by the Burke-Fahn-Marsden (BFM) scale. However, the reliability of this tool has rarely been evaluated and its use in a multicenter study has never been assessed prospectively. PURPOSE: To evaluate the concordance between three unblinded clinical raters and one single-blinded rater for 10 prospective series of ratings on the BFM scale in 22 dystonic patients of the SPIDY study. METHODS: Ten assessments on the BFM scale were performed under various stimulation conditions at different time points (before surgery and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months afterwards). Patients were first evaluated by three unblinded clinical raters (one per center). All assessments were videotaped and sent to a blinded rater. Intra- and inter-rater reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The intra-rater reliability at inclusion was better for the blinded rater than for the clinical raters. The inter-rater reliability (comparing the blinded rater with each clinical rater) was "very good" at inclusion, "fair" at month 1 and was "good" at month 3, month 6, and month 12. CONCLUSION: Blinding (rather than video) is probably the key factor in better intra-rater reliability and can produce more accurate rating than clinical rating. Consequently, a blind procedure should be performed systematically in multicenter studies. As inter-rater reliability is good in trained unblinded raters, the BFM scale may also be used in the follow up of dystonic patients in movement disorders centers, in clinical practice.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/04/2007
• Auteurs : Jean-Pierre LevraudPierre BoudinotIngrid ColinAbdenour BenmansourNadine PeyriérasPhilippe HerbomelGeorges Lutfalla
• Organismes : Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires Développement, évolution et plasticité du système nerveux Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires Développement, évolution et plasticité du système nerveux Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité Dynamique des interactions membranaires normales et pathologiques
• Publié dans Journal of Immunology le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : The recent description of virus-induced fish IFNs has raised questions about the evolution of this complex antiviral system. Identification of the receptor of the zebrafish virus-induced IFN (zIFN) was sought to help resolve these questions. We set up an experimental system to study the zIFN system in the course of a viral infection of zebrafish embryos. In this setting, zIFN was induced by viral infection, and we identified zIFN-dependent induced transcripts. Embryos quickly died from the infection, but zIFN overexpression increased their survival. We took advantage of this experimental system to perform in vivo loss and gain of function analysis of candidate receptors of the class II helical receptor family and identified zCRFB1 and zCRFB5 as the two subunits of the zebrafish IFN receptor. Based on the organization of the zIFN gene and the protein structure of the identified receptor components, the virus-induced fish IFNs appear as orthologs of mammalian IFN-lambda, specifying type III IFN as the ancestral antiviral system of vertebrates.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/04/2007
• Auteurs : Michel MeybeckLaurence LestelPhilippe BontéR. MoilleronJean Louis ColinOlivier RousselotHervé DanielClaire de PontevèsCécile GrosboisDaniel R. Thevenot
• Organismes : Structure et fonctionnement des systèmes hydriques continentaux Centre d'histoire des techniques et de l'environnement Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] Géochimie Des Impacts Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche Eau Ville Environnement Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques Direction de la Recherche et du Développement Arrondissement des Boucles de la Seine Structure et fonctionnement des systèmes hydriques continentaux Hydrogéologie, Argiles, Sols et Altérations - UMR 6532 Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche Eau Ville Environnement
• Publié dans Science of the Total Environment le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : The Driver-Pressures-State-Impact-Response approach is applied to heavy metals in the Seine River catchment (65,000 km(2); 14 million people of which 10 million are aggregated within Paris megacity; 30% of French industrial and agricultural production). The contamination pattern at river mouth is established on the particulate material at different time scales: 1930-2000 for floodplain cores, 1980-2003 for suspended particulate matter (SPM) and bed-sediments, 1994-2003 for atmospheric fallout and annual flood deposits. The Seine has been among the most contaminated catchments with maximum contents recorded at 130 mg kg(-1) for Cd, 24 for Hg, 558 for Pb, 1620 for Zn, 347 for Cu, 275 for Cr and 150 for Ni. Today, the average levels for Cd (1.8 mg kg(-1)), Hg (1.08), Pb (108), Zn (370), Cu (99), Cr (123) and Ni (31) are much lower but still in the upper 90% of the global scale distribution (Cr and Ni excepted) and well above the natural background values determined on pre-historical deposits. All metal contents have decreased at least since 1955/65, well before metal emission regulations that started in the mid 1970's and the metal monitoring in the catchment that started in the early 1980's. In the last 20 y, major criteria changes for the management of contaminated particulates (treated urban sludge, agricultural soils, dredged sediments) have occurred. In the mid 1990's, there was a complete shift in the contamination assessment scales, from sediment management and water usage criteria to the good ecological state, now required by the 2000 European Directive. When comparing excess metal outputs, associated to river SPM, to the average metal demand within the catchment from 1950 to 2000, the leakage ratios decrease exponentially from 1950 to 2000 for Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn, meanwhile, a general increase of the demand is observed: the rate of recycling and/or treatment of metals within the anthroposphere has been improved ten-fold. Hg environmental trajectory is very specific: there is a marked decontamination from 1970 to 2000, but the leakage ratio remains very high (10 to 20%) during this period. Drivers and Pressures are poorly known prior to 1985; State evolution since 1935 has been reconstructed from flood plain cores analysis; Impacts were maximum between 1950 and 1970 but remained unknown due to analytical limitation and lack of awareness. Some Responses are lagging 10 y behind monitoring and have much evolved in the past 10 y.

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Fichiers liés : STOTEN Metal-Trends-Meybecketal-2006-07-20.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/04/2007
• Auteurs : Jean-Louis MonestesPhilippe VuilleEric Serra
• Organismes : Laboratoire Inter-universitaire de Psychologie : Personnalité, Cognition, Changement Social
• Publié dans Douleurs : Évaluation - Diagnostic - Traitement le 03/12/2019

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/04/2007
• Auteurs : Sophie Le Ricousse-RoussanneJérôme LargheroJean-Marc ZiniVeronique BarateauPhilippe FoubertGeorges UzanXuhui LiuMarie-Noëlle LacassagneBrigitte TernauxIsabelle RobertMarc BenbunanJean-Thomas VilquinKarine VauchezGerard TobelemJean-Pierre Marolleau
• Organismes : Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM
• Publié dans Experimental Cell Research le 25/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/04/2007
• Auteurs : Benjamin PohlJean-Philippe DuvelPierre Camberlin
• Organismes : Centre de Recherches de Climatologie Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) Centre de Recherches de Climatologie

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Résumé : The Intraseasonal Oscillation (ISO; 20-120 day) is an important component of the variability of the Tropical convection that strongly perturbs the Asian and the Aus- tralian monsoons. Our knowledge of the physical origin of the ISO however remains largely incomplete, partially because of the large variability of its characteristics from one event to another. The aim is to determine how the patterns of the different ISO events may be objectively regrouped in a few types, related for example to season, ENSO or other large scale forcing. Patterns of the different ISO events are extracted using a Local Mode Analysis (LMA, Goulet and Duvel 2000). The LMA is based on complex empirical orthogonal functions computed for successive positions of a moving temporal window. When a maximum of variance percentage is detected, the pattern of the corresponding ISO event is extracted. For the present study, the ISO events are detected by an LMA applied on the 20-120-day band pass filtered OLR field for a large tropical region (0˚-200˚E; 30˚N-30˚S) and for the 1979-2005 period. The 144 events extracted are then objectively clustered into homogeneous types us- ing a Hierarchical Ascending Classification. Our classification in 8 types synthetically describes 50% of the overall diversity of the ISO events. The 8 types depict primarily the seasonality in the ISO modes, with the known north- ward (eastward) propagations over the Indian and Western Pacific basins during the northern summer (winter) seasons. While some similarities are noted from one type to another, important differences confirm however that the ISO may be classified in more than two types (i.e. the summer and winter types). In particular, some modes are very specific to particular months (bogus onset in May over the Bay of Bengal, for example). Also, different types are obtained for each season in relation to interannual variability of the sea surface temperature field related primarily to ENSO. This study also shows different equatorial propagation characteristics (i.e. Madden Julian Oscil- lation) for each type confirming that the MJO is not a phenomenon distinct from the ISO.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/04/2007
• Auteurs : Fabrice LorchelKarine PeignauxGilles CréhangeMathieu BossetMarc PuyraveauMariette MercierJean-François BossetPhilippe Maingon
• Organismes : Service de Radiothérapie [CHRU Besançon] Service d'hématologie [Hôpital Edouard Herriot - HCL] Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (UR 3181) Laboratoire Pierre Süe Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (UR 3181)
• Publié dans Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique / Research and Clinics in Hepatology and Gastroenterology le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : PURPOSE: We performed a retrospective analysis in order to evaluate the compliance with preoperative radiotherapy in patients aged>or=70 with locally advanced resectable rectal cancer, and to evaluate the influence of comorbidities on treatment tolerance and oncological results. METHODS: From March 1984 to December 2000, 95 patients with T3-T4 N0 M0 rectal cancer received a preoperative radiotherapy in 2 radiotherapy departments. Nineteen patients received concomitant chemotherapy. RESULTS: All patients completed the radiation schedule. Six patients suffered grade 3 acute WHO toxicity. Surgical resection was performed in 87 patients. There were 3 post-operative deaths. Analysis of peri-operative complications showed thromboembolism (4.9%), ileus (9.8%) and diarrhoea (6.1%). After a median follow-up of 29 months, the 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 65% and 49% respectively. In univariate analysis, a tumour located in the mid part of the rectum, a radiation dose less than 40 Gy, the absence of chemotherapy were significantly associated with a poor prognosis. There was a trend to a better survival for patients with a Charlson score of 0 (P=0.0584). In multivariate analysis, only initial WHO performance status was significant. CONCLUSIONS: Compliance with preoperative radiotherapy is good in elderly patients. Toxicity rates are similar to those described in randomised trials in which only younger patients were included. Initial WHO performance status

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/04/2007
• Auteurs : A MaruaniBruno GiraudeauDaniel AlisonPhilippe BertrandPascal BourlierLaurent FauchierJean-Pierre ValatGérard Lorette
• Organismes : Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours Centre d’Investigation Clinique [Tours] CIC 1415 Université de Tours Hôpital Trousseau CHU Trousseau [Tours] Génétique, immunothérapie, chimie et cancer (GICC), UMR 6239 CNRS [2008-2011] Université de Tours
• Publié dans La Presse Médicale le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : In 2008 the national ranking examination (NRE) will include a test on critical reading of scientific articles. This decision has provoked controversy about whether reproducible correction is possible. The aim of our study was to assess the consistency of grading between this two-part test (critical analysis and summarizing, analyzed separately), and the more classic tests.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/04/2007
• Auteurs : Alice MeunierAlban LatrémolièreElisa DominguezAnnie MauborgneStéphanie PhilippeMichel HamonJacques MalletJean-Jacques BenolielMichel Pohl
• Organismes : Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs Neuropsychopharmacologie moléculaire, cellulaire et fonctionnelle Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs
• Publié dans Molecular Therapy le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : Neuropathic pain developing after peripheral nerve injury is associated with altered neuronal and glial cell functions in the spinal cord. Activated glia produces algogenic mediators, exacerbating pain. Among the different intracellular pathways possibly involved in the modified glial function, the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) system is of particular interest, as numerous genes encoding inflammation- and pain-related molecules are controlled by this transcription factor. NF-kappaB is a pleiotropic factor also involved in central nervous system homeostasy. To study its role in chronic pain, it is thus essential to inhibit the NF-kappaB pathway selectively in activated spinal glial cells. Here, we show that when restricted to spinal cord and targeted to glial cells, lentiviral vector-mediated delivery of NF-kappaB super- repressor IkappaBalpha resulted in an inhibition of the NF-kappaB pathway activated in the rat spinal cord after sciatic nerve injury (chronic constriction injury, CCI). Concomitantly, IkappaBalpha overproduction prevented the enhanced expression of interleukin-6 and of inducible nitric oxide synthase associated with chronic constriction injury and resulted in prolonged antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects. These data show that targeted blockade of NF-kappaB activity in spinal glia efficiently alleviates pain behavior in CCI rats, demonstrating the active participation of the glial NF-kappaB pathway in the development of neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/04/2007
• Auteurs : Philippe ChatelainGeorges-Henri CottetPetros Koumoutsakos
• Organismes : Computational Science and Engineering Laboratory Equations aux Dérivées Partielles Computational Science and Engineering Laboratory
• Publié dans International Journal of Modern Physics C le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : We present a particle method for the simulation of three dimensional compressible hydrodynamics based on a hybrid Particle-Mesh discretization of the governing equations. The method is rooted on the regularization of particle locations as in remeshed Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (rSPH). The rSPH method was recently introduced to remedy problems associated with the distortion of computational elements in SPH, by periodically re-initializing the particle positions and by using high order interpolation kernels. In the PMH formulation, the particles solely handle the convective part of the compressible Euler equations. The particle quantities are then interpolated onto a mesh, where the pressure terms are computed. PMH, like SPH, is free of the convection CFL condition while at the same time it is more efficient as derivatives are computed on a mesh rather than particle-particle interactions. PMH does not detract from the adaptive character of SPH and allows for control of its accuracy. We present simulations of a benchmark astrophysics problem demonstrating the capabilities of this approach.

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