Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2008
• Auteurs : Nathalie ChantretJérôme SalseFrançois SabotArnaud BellecBastien LaubinIvan I. DuboisCarole DossatPierre SourdillePhilippe JoudrierMarie-Françoise GautierL. CattolicoMichel BeckertSébastien AubourgJean WeissenbachMichel M. CabochePhilippe LeroyMichel BernardBoulos B. Chalhoub
• Organismes : Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement
• Publié dans Journal of Molecular Evolution le 28/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2008
• Auteurs : Nathalie ChantretJérôme SalseFrancois SabotArnaud BellecBastien LaubinIvan I. DuboisCarole DossatPierre SourdillePhilippe JoudrierMarie Francoise GautierL. CattolicoMichel BeckertSébastien AubourgJean WeissenbachMichel M. CabochePhilippe LeroyMichel BernardPaul Chalhoub
• Organismes : Diversité et adaptation des plantes cultivées Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales Unité de recherche en génomique végétale Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales Développement et amélioration des plantes Développement et amélioration des plantes Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales Unité de recherche en génomique végétale Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Unité de recherche en génomique végétale Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales Unité de recherche en génomique végétale
• Publié dans Journal of Molecular Evolution le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : We study here the evolution of genes located in the same physical locus using the recently sequenced Ha locus in seven wheat genomes in diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species and compared them with barley and rice orthologous regions. We investigated both the conservation of microcolinearity and the molecular evolution of genes, including coding and noncoding sequences. Microcolinearity is restricted to two groups of genes (Unknown gene-2, VAMP, BGGP, Gsp-1, and Unknown gene-8 surrounded by several copies of ATPase), almost conserved in rice and barley, but in a different relative position. Highly conserved genes between wheat and rice run along with genes harboring different copy numbers and highly variable sequences between close wheat genomes. The coding sequence evolution appeared to be submitted to heterogeneous selective pressure and intronic sequences analysis revealed that the molecular clock hypothesis is violated in most cases

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2008
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe LachauxJulien JungNelly MainyJ. C. DreherOlivier BertrandMonica BaciuLorella MinottiDominique M. HoffmannPhilippe Kahane
• Organismes : IFR des neurosciences de Lyon Processus mentaux et activation cérébrale IFR des neurosciences de Lyon Processus mentaux et activation cérébrale IFR des neurosciences de Lyon Processus mentaux et activation cérébrale Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 Processus mentaux et activation cérébrale Équipe Dynamique Cérébrale et Cognition - Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition Dynamique des Reseaux Neuronaux Département de neurologie Département de neurochirurgie Dynamique des Reseaux Neuronaux
• Publié dans Cerebral Cortex le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : It is becoming increasingly clear that attention-demanding tasks engage not only activation of specific cortical regions but also deactivation of other regions that could interfere with the task at hand. At the same time, electrophysiological studies in animals and humans have found that the participation of cortical regions to cognitive processes translates into local synchronization of rhythmic neural activity at frequencies above 40 Hz (so-called gamma-band synchronization). Such synchronization is seen as a potential facilitator of neural communication and synaptic plasticity. We found evidence that cognitive processes can also involve the disruption of gamma-band activity in high-order brain regions. Intracerebral electroencephalograms were recorded in 3 epileptic patients during 2 reading tasks. Visual presentation of words induced a strong deactivation in a broad (20-150 Hz) frequency range in the left ventral lateral prefrontal cortex, in parallel with gamma-band activations within the reading network, including Broca's area. The observed energy decrease in neural signals was reproducible across patients. It peaked around 500 ms after stimulus onset and appeared subject to attention-modulated amplification. Our results suggest that cognition might be mediated by a coordinated interaction between regional gamma-band synchronizations and desynchronizations, possibly reflecting enhanced versus reduced local neural communication.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2008
• Auteurs : Camillo RibiPascal CohenChristian PagnouxAlfred MahrJean-Pierre ArèneDominique LauqueXavier PuéchalPhilippe LetellierPhilippe DelavalJean-François CordierLoïc Guillevin
• Organismes : Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP] Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP] Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP] Service de médecine interne et centre de référence des maladies rares [CHU Cochin] Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP] Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP] CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie Signalisation et Réponses aux Agents Infectieux et Chimiques Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes [CHU Rennes] = Rennes University Hospital [Pontchaillou] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes [CHU Rennes] = Rennes University Hospital [Pontchaillou] Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP] Service de médecine interne et centre de référence des maladies rares [CHU Cochin]
• Publié dans Arthritis and Rheumatism le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids (CS) alone as first-line treatment in patients with Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) without poor-prognosis factors, as defined by the Five-Factors Score (FFS), and to compare the efficacy and safety of oral azathioprine (AZA) versus intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide (CYC) as adjuvant immunosuppressive therapy for treatment failure or relapse. METHODS: This multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label therapeutic trial included 72 patients with newly diagnosed CSS (FFS of 0) treated with CS alone. At treatment failure or relapse, patients were randomized to receive 6 months of oral AZA or 6 pulses of CYC. Analyses were performed according to an intent-to-treat strategy. RESULTS: The mean +/- SD followup was 56.2 +/- 31.7 months. Among the 72 patients studied, 93% achieved remission with CS therapy alone, and 35% relapsed, mainly during the first year of treatment. Among the 19 patients randomized to additional immunosuppression because of treatment failure or relapse, 5 of 10 receiving AZA and 7 of 9 receiving pulse CYC achieved remission, but the difference was not statistically significant. Survival rates in all patients at 1 and 5 years were 100% and 97%, respectively. At the end of followup, 79% of the patients whose disease was in remission required low-dose CS therapy, mainly to control respiratory disease. CS-related adverse events were observed in 31% of the 72 patients. CONCLUSION: In CSS patients with an FFS of 0, survival was excellent, confirming the predictive value of the FFS in this disease. First-line therapy with CS achieved remission in most patients, but relapses were common, and one-third of them required additional immunosuppressive therapy. AZA or pulse CYC was fairly effective in treating CS-resistant disease or major relapses. Over the long term, most patients continued to take oral CS, which might explain the high rate of CS-related adverse events.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2008
• Auteurs : Jean‐philippe AntignacRonan CariouDaniel MaumePhilippe MarchandFabrice MonteauDaniel ZalkoAlain BerrebiJean‐pierre CravediFrançois AndreBruno Le Bizec
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments Laboratoire d'étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments Métabolisme et Xénobiotiques Laboratoire d'étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments
• Publié dans Molecular Nutrition and Food Research le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : Abstract Brominated flame retardants (BFR) are chemicals extensively used in many manufactured products to reduce the risk of fire, but also environmental pollutants. In order to assess the potential risk linked to these compounds in human, a French monitoring study was initiated to evaluate the exposure of fetus and newborn. A previously described multi‐residue analytical method was used, for measuring the main classes of BFR (hexabromocyclododecane, tetrabromobisphenol‐A, and tri‐ to deca‐polybromodiphenylethers) in various biological matrices. These analyzed samples (maternal and umbilical serum, adipose tissue and breast milk) were collected on volunteer women during caesarean deliveries. Preliminary results obtained on 26 individuals (mother/newborn pairs) mainly demonstrated the presence of polybromodiphenylethers (PBDE) and tetrabromobisphenol A both in maternal and fetal matrices, and a possible risk of overexposure of newborns through breastfeeding. Contaminations levels were found globally in the ng/g lipid weight range, consistent with other published European data. Exposure results regarding highly brominated PBDE congeners (octa‐ to deca‐BDE) appeared particularly informative and non‐commonly reported, these compounds accounting for around 50% of the total PBDE load. Additional data collection and metabolism investigations are now on‐going. A more complete statistical analysis related to this BFR exposition study will be provided in a next future.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2008
• Auteurs : A. JeandrotJean-Louis RichardChristophe CombescureNathalie JourdanS. FingeMichel RodierPierre CorbeauAlbert SottoJean-Philippe Lavigne
• Organismes : Laboratoire de bactériologie, virologie et parasitologie Service des maladies de la nutrition et de diabétologie Département de l'information médicale Service des maladies métaboliques et endocriniennes Service d'immunologie Service des maladies métaboliques et endocriniennes Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes Systèmes de sécrétion de type IV et virulence bactérienne Laboratoire de bactériologie, virologie et parasitologie Systèmes de sécrétion de type IV et virulence bactérienne
• Publié dans Diabetologia le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Infection of diabetic foot ulcers is common; at early stages it is difficult to differentiate between non-infected ulcers (or those colonised with normal flora) and ulcers infected with virulent bacteria that lead to deterioration. This pilot study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of inflammatory markers as an aid to making this distinction. METHODS: We included 93 diabetic patients who had an episode of foot ulcer and had not received antibiotics during the 6 months preceding the study. Ulcers were classified as infected or uninfected, according to the Infectious Diseases Society of America-International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot classification. Diabetic patients without ulcers (n = 102) served as controls. C-reactive protein (CRP), orosomucoid, haptoglobin and procalcitonin were measured together with white blood cell and neutrophil counts. The diagnostic performance of each marker, in combination (using logistic regression) or alone, was assessed. RESULTS: As a single marker, CRP was the most informative for differentiating grade 1 from grade 2 ulcers (sensitivity 0.727, specificity 1.000, positive predictive value 1.000, negative predictive value 0.793) with an optimal cut-off value of 17 mg/l. In contrast, white blood cell and neutrophil counts were not predictive. The most relevant combination derived from the logistic regression was the association of CRP and procalcitonin (AUC 0.947), which resulted in a significantly more effective determination of ulcer grades, as shown by comparing receiver operating characteristic curves. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Measurement of only two inflammatory markers, CRP and procalcitonin, might be of value for distinguishing between infected and non-infected foot ulcers in subgroups of diabetic patients, to help ensure the appropriate allocation of antibiotic treatment. Nevertheless, external validation of the diagnostic value of procalcitonin and CRP in diabetic foot ulcers is needed before routine use can be recommended.

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Fichiers liés : PCT-Diabetologia2007.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2008
• Auteurs : Emilie CousinMonica BaciuCédric PichatPhilippe KahaneJean-François Le Bas
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition Laboratoire de physiopathologie de l'épilepsie RMN biomédicale : de la cellule à l'homme
• Publié dans Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : The present fMRI study explores the cerebral reorganisation of language in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, according to the age of seizures onset (early or late) and the hippocampal sclerosis (associated or not). Seven right-handed control volunteers and seven preoperative adult epileptic patients performed a rhyme decision (language condition) and a visual detection (control condition) tasks in visually presented words and unreadable characters, respectively. All patients were left hemisphere dominant for language. Appropriate statistical analyses provided the following preliminary results: (1) patients compared with healthy subjects showed lower degree of hemispheric lateralization with supplementary involvement of the right hemisphere; (2) the degree of hemispheric specialization depends on the considered region; (3) patients with early seizures show signs of temporal and parietal reorganization more frequently than patients with late onset of seizures; (4) patients with early seizures show a tendency for intra-hemispheric frontal reorganisation; (5) associated hippocampal sclerosis facilitates the inter-hemispheric shift of temporal activation. Although our patients were left hemisphere predominant for language, the statistical analyses indicated that the degree of lateralization was significantly lower than in healthy subjects. This result has been considered as the indication of atypical lateralization of language.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2008
• Auteurs : Philippe BlanchemanchePierre SabatierJean-François BergerC. Reynes
• Organismes : Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne Centre d'Études Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age
• Publié dans Quaternaire le 02/11/2020

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Résumé : L'histoire paléohydrologique du delta du Vidourle au cours du dernier millénaire est examinée par l'étude comparative de deux types de proxies : les archives sédimentaires et les séries temporelles de crues historiques. L'analyse de la rythmicité des crues du Vidourle repose sur une étude micromorphologique à haute résolution des 3m supérieurs de la carotte du Lièvre, localisée dans l'axe de l'embouchure moderne du Vidourle dans l'étang de Mauguio (Hérault). La vitesse de sédimentation est établie par 7 datations au carbone 14. Le modèle âge-profondeur illustre une rupture dans le taux de sédimentation un peu après l'An Mil et une nette accélération de la sédimentation à partir du XVIIe s. Les tests de stationnarités réalisés montrent que la série de crues toute classes confondues n'obéit pas à une distribution homogène. Aussi bien pour le Vidourle que pour l'ensemble des fleuves côtiers du bas Languedoc oriental pris en compte, une phase très active d'un siècle environ de 1680 à 1780 est caractérisée par la recrudescence des épisodes " extraordinaires " et " catastrophiques ".

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 30/01/2008
• Auteurs : Stéphane ThoboisBénédicte BallangerJing Xie-BrustolinPhilippe DamierFranck DurifJean-Philippe AzulayPhilippe DerostTatiana WitjasSylvie RaoulDidier Le BarsEmmanuel Broussolle
• Organismes : Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL] Espace et action Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant Espace et action Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL] Immunointervention dans les allo et xénotransplantations Service Neurologie [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] Neurologie, maladies neuro-musculaires [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] Service Neurologie [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] Neurologie, maladies neuro-musculaires [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] Immunointervention dans les allo et xénotransplantations Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL] Espace et action Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant
• Publié dans Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : Tardive dystonia (TD) is a disabling disorder induced by neuroleptics. Internal globus pallidus (GPi) stimulation can dramatically improve TD. The present positron emission tomography and H215O study aimed to characterize the abnormalities of brain activation of TD and the impact of GPi stimulation on these abnormalities in five TD patients treated with GPi stimulation and eight controls. Changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were determined: (i) at rest; (ii) when moving a joystick with the right hand in three freely chosen directions in on and off bilateral GPi stimulation. A significant increase of rCBF was found in TD patients in off-stimulation condition compared to controls: (1) during motor execution in the prefrontal, premotor lateral, and anterior cingulate cortex; (2) at rest, in the prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex and the cerebellum. Internal globus pallidus stimulation led to a reduction of rCBF (1) during motor execution, in the primary motor and prefrontal cortex and the cerebellum; (2) at rest, in the primary motor and anterior cingulate cortex and supplementary motor area. The results are as follows: (1) TD is related to an excess of brain activity notably in the prefrontal and premotor areas; (2) GPi stimulation reduces the activation of motor, premotor, and prefrontal cortex as well as cerebellum.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 20/01/2008
• Auteurs : Anne-Sophie WalkerVéronique DecognetMarc FermaudAlexandre BoutJohann ConfaisPierre LerouxAngelique GautierF. MartínezJean RoudetPhilippe C. NicotMarc BardinPhilippe RobinMélody PotronElisabeth Fournier
• Organismes : BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture Unité de Pathologie Végétale Santé et agroécologie du vignoble Institut Sophia Agrobiotech Unité de Pathologie Végétale Unité de Pathologie Végétale

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