Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2007
• Auteurs : Horst Uwe KellerMichael KüppersSonia FornasierPedro J. GutierrezStubbe F. HviidLaurent JordaJörg KnollenbergStephen LowryMiriam RengelIvano BertiniGabriele CremoneseW. IpDetlef KoschnyRainer KrammEkkehard KührtLuisa M. LaraHolger SierksNicholas ThomasCesare BarbieriPhilippe LamyHans RickmanRafael RodrigoM. F. A'HearnFrancesco AngrilliMaria Antonietta BarucciJean-Loup BertauxVania da DeppoBjörn DavidssonM. de CeccoStefano DebeiMarco FulleFritz GliemOlivier GroussinJosé J. López-MorenoFrancesco MarzariGiampiero NalettoLola SabauAngel Sanz AndrésKlaus-Peter Wenzel
• Organismes : Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique Pôle Planétologie du LESIA Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali “Giuseppe Colombo” Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía = Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Astrophysics Research Centre [Belfast] Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali “Giuseppe Colombo” INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova Institute of Space Science [Taiwan] European Space Research and Technology Centre Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía = Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Physikalisches Institut [Bern] Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali “Giuseppe Colombo” Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Department of Astronomy and Space Physics [Uppsala] Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía = Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia Department of Astronomy [College Park] Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica [Padova] Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique Pôle Planétologie du LESIA Service d'aéronomie Department of Information Engineering [Padova] Department of Astronomy and Space Physics [Uppsala] Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste Institut für Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze Department of Astronomy [College Park] Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía = Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei" Department of Information Engineering [Padova] Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial Instituto de Microgravedad "Ignacio Da Riva" European Space Research and Technology Centre
• Publié dans Icarus le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : The OSIRIS cameras on the Rosetta spacecraft observed Comet 9P/Tempel 1 from 5 days before to 10 days after it was hit by the Deep Impact projectile. The Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) monitored the cometary dust in 5 different filters. The Wide Angle Camera (WAC) observed through filters sensitive to emissions from OH, CN, Na, and OI together with the associated continuum. Before and after the impact the comet showed regular variations in intensity. The period of the brightness changes is consistent with the rotation period of Tempel 1. The overall brightness of Tempel 1 decreased by about 10% during the OSIRIS observations. The analysis of the impact ejecta shows that no new permanent coma structures were created by the impact. Most of the material moved with ˜200ms. Much of it left the comet in the form of icy grains which sublimated and fragmented within the first hour after the impact. The light curve of the comet after the impact and the amount of material leaving the comet (4.5 9×10kg of water ice and a presumably larger amount of dust) suggest that the impact ejecta were quickly accelerated by collisions with gas molecules. Therefore, the motion of the bulk of the ejecta cannot be described by ballistic trajectories, and the validity of determinations of the density and tensile strength of the nucleus of Tempel 1 with models using ballistic ejection of particles is uncertain.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2007
• Auteurs : Isabelle MermetNathalie PottierJean Marie SainthillierCarole MaluganiSandrive Cairey-RemonnayStéphane MaddensDidier RiethmullerPierre TiberghienPhilippe HumbertFrançois Aubin
• Organismes : Département de dermatologie Cell and Tissue Engineering Department Laboratoire d'Ingénierie et Biologie Cutanées Cell and Tissue Engineering Department Département de dermatologie Cell and Tissue Engineering Department Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (UR 3181) Cell and Tissue Engineering Department Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (UMR INSERM 1098) Département de dermatologie Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (UMR INSERM 1098) Département de dermatologie Carcinogénèse épithéliale : facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques - UFC (UR 3181)
• Publié dans Wound Repair and Regeneration le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : Amniotic membrane (AM), the most internal placental membrane, has unique properties including antiadhesive effects, bacteriostatic, wound protection and pain-reduction properties, as well as epithelialization initialization capacities. Furthermore, AM is widely available and less costly than other bioengineered skin substitutes. In a prospective pilot study, we evaluated the safety, feasibility, and the effects on healing of AM graft in 15 patients with chronic venous leg ulcers. AM grafts were prepared from placentas harvested during cesarean section. All grafted AM had adhered to the wound bed 7 days after being applied with a 100% engraftment rate. The percentage of granulation tissue increased significantly (from 17% on day 0 to 69% on day 14, p<0.0001), along with a significant decrease of fibrinous slough (from 36% at day 0 to 16% at day 14, p<0.001). A significant clinical response occurred in 12 patients (80%) including complete healing (20%) in three during the 3-month follow-up period. The ulcer surface area decreased significantly from a mean value (+/- standard deviation) of 4.59 +/- 2.49 cm(2) at baseline to 2.91+/-2.01 cm(2) on day 30 (p<0.001). All patients experienced a significant reduction of ulcer-related pain rapidly after AM transplantation. No adverse events were recorded. AM transplantation seems to function as a safe substrate, promoting proper epithelialization while suppressing excessive fibrosis. Further advantages of biotherapy with AM are its easy and low-cost production, and that it can be applied as an ambulatory treatment without immobilization. AM transplantation may thus be considered to be an alternative method for treating chronic leg ulcers.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2007
• Auteurs : Philippe SorrelSperanta-Maria PopescuStefan KlotzJean-Pierre SucHedi Oberhänsli
• Organismes : German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere Institut für Geowissenschaften, PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam
• Publié dans Quaternary Research le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : High-resolution pollen analyses (~50 yr) from sediment cores retrieved at Chernyshov Bay in the NW Large Aral Sea record shifts in vegetational development from subdesertic to steppe vegetation in the Aral Sea basin during the late Holocene. Using pollen data to quantify climatic parameters, we reconstruct and date for the first time significant changes in moisture conditions in Central Asia during the past 2000 yr. Cold and arid conditions prevailed between ca. AD 0 and 400, AD 900 and 1150, and AD 1500 and 1650 with the extension of xeric vegetation dominated by steppe elements. These intervals are characterized by low winter and summer mean temperatures and low mean annual precipitation (Pmm <250 mm/yr). Conversely, the most suitable climate conditions occurred between ca. AD 400 and 900, and AD 1150 and 1450, when steppe vegetation was enriched by plants requiring moister conditions (Pmm ~250–500 mm/yr) and some trees developed. Our results are fairly consistent with other late Holocene records from the eastern Mediterranean region and the Middle East, showing that regional rainfall in Central Asia is predominantly controlled by the eastern Mediterranean cyclonic system when the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is in a negative phase.

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• Type de publi. : Chapître d'ouvrage
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2007
• Auteurs : Olivier DelouisJean-Luc LamboleyPhilippe LenhardtFrançois QuantinAltin SkenderajStephane VergerB. Vrekaj
• Organismes : ORIENT ET MÉDITERRANÉE : Textes, Archéologie, Histoire Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives Anthropologie et Histoire des Mondes Antiques Institut de recherche sur l'architecture antique Archéologies d'Orient et d'Occident et Sciences des textes

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 26/12/2006
• Auteurs : Maëlle CarrazAkino JossangJean-François FranetichAnthony SiauLiliane CiceronLaurent HannounRobert SauerweinFrançois FrappierPhilippe RasoanaivoGeorges SnounouDominique Mazier
• Organismes : Immunobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Infections Parasitaires Laboratoire de chimie et biochimie des substances naturelles Laboratoire de chimie et biochimie des substances naturelles Immunobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Infections Parasitaires Immunobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Infections Parasitaires Immunobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Infections Parasitaires CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen] Laboratoire de chimie et biochimie des substances naturelles Institut malgache de recherches appliquées Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle Immunobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Infections Parasitaires CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
• Publié dans PLoS Medicine le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : Background: The global spread of multidrug-resistant malaria parasites has led to an urgent need for new chemotherapeutic agents. Drug discovery is primarily directed to the asexual blood stages, and few drugs that are effective against the obligatory liver stages, from which the pathogenic blood infection is initiated, have become available since primaquine was deployed in the 1950s. Methods and findings: Using bioassay-guided fractionation based on the parasite's hepatic stage, we have isolated a novel morphinan alkaloid, tazopsine, from a plant traditionally used against malaria in Madagascar. This compound and readily obtained semisynthetic derivatives were tested for inhibitory activity against liver stage development in vitro (P. falciparum and P. yoelii) and in vivo (P. yoelii). Tazopsine fully inhibited the development of P. yoelii (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] 3.1 muM, therapeutic index [TI] 14) and P. falciparum (IC50 4.2 muM, TI 7) hepatic parasites in cultured primary hepatocytes, with inhibition being most pronounced during the early developmental stages. One derivative, N-cyclopentyl-tazopsine (NCP-tazopsine), with similar inhibitory activity was selected for its lower toxicity (IC50 3.3 muM, TI 46, and IC50 42.4 muM, TI 60, on P. yoelii and P. falciparum hepatic stages in vitro, respectively). Oral administration of NCP-tazopsine completely protected mice from a sporozoite challenge. Unlike the parent molecule, the derivative was uniquely active against Plasmodium hepatic stages. Conclusions: A readily obtained semisynthetic derivative of a plant-derived compound, tazopsine, has been shown to be specifically active against the liver stage, but inactive against the blood forms of the malaria parasite. This unique specificity in an antimalarial drug severely restricts the pressure for the selection of drug resistance to a parasite stage limited both in numbers and duration, thus allowing researchers to envisage the incorporation of a true causal prophylactic in malaria control programs.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 21/12/2006
• Auteurs : Mickaël BourgoinRomain VolkNicolas PlihonPierre AugierPhilippe OdierJean-François Pinton
• Organismes : Laboratoire des Écoulements Géophysiques et Industriels [Grenoble] Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon
• Publié dans New Journal of Physics le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Inspired by a design originally proposed by Bullard ( 1955 Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 51 744), we report a simple experimental arrangement which generates a turbulent fluid dynamo in the laboratory. It is based on a von Karman gallium flow and it effectively models an 'alpha-omega' dynamo process, in which the alpha component is realized by external wirings, while the omega contribution fully incorporates the flow turbulence. In the dynamo state, we observe intermittent reversals of the dipole field, as well as excursions. The bifurcation develops through an 'on-off' regime.

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Fichiers liés : Bourgoin2006_NJP.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 20/12/2006
• Auteurs : Philippe SteyerD. PilloudJean-François PiersonJean-Pierre MilletM. CharnayB. StauderP. Jacquot
• Organismes : Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) Laboratoire de science et génie des surfaces Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] Institut Camille Jordan Bodycote Bodycote
• Publié dans Surface and Coatings Technology le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : Ti–Si–N coatings were deposited on M2 steel by arc evaporation using a Ti–Si composite target in an industrial reactor. The films structure before and after heat treatment at 700 °C was characterised by XRD. In addition, two types of quantitative experiments were performed in thermobalance: oxidation rate was deduced from isothermal thermogravimetric analyses at 800 °C, while the temperature of oxidation beginning (Tc) was measured in dynamic mode. Tc was then calculated by a mathematical approximation based on the non-linear least square. The results were compared to those obtained using TiN and SiNx standards. Depending on the deposition conditions, ternary films have been deposited with an atomic ratio Si/Ti of 0.10 and 0.15. The hardness of the films was close to 40 GPa. Only the TiN phase was detected by XRD. The mean crystal size was estimated to be in the 6–8 nm range, which suggested the nanocomposite nature of the coatings. After air oxidation at 700 °C, it was found that this crystal size was not affected by the thermal treatment, indicating a good thermal stability of the structure. Moreover, incorporation of silicon into TiN-based coatings led to a drastic decrease of their oxidation rate, together with a shift of 200 °C of Tc. The high resistance of oxidation of Ti–Si–N films at elevated temperature is attributable to the network of refractory SiNx, which acted as a diffusion barrier for oxygen and insulated TiN nanograins from the aggressive atmosphere.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 07/12/2006
• Auteurs : Thomas DecaensFrançoise Roudot-ThoravalSolange Bresson-HadniCarole MeyerJean GugenheimFrançois DurandPierre-Henri BernardOlivier BoillotPhilippe CompagnonYvon CalmusJean HardwigsenChristian DucerfGeorges-Philippe PageauxSébastien DharancyOlivier ChazouillèresDaniel CherquiChristophe Duvoux
• Organismes : Service de santé publique [Mondor] WHO Collaborating Center on Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) Service de Chirurgie Digestive / Centre de Transplantation Hépatique [CHU Nice] Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie Service de Chirurgie Digestive Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] Université de Lille, Droit et Santé Hôpital Duriez, Service des Maladies de l'Appareil digestif et de la Nutrition
• Publié dans World Journal of Gastroenterology le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : AIM: To assess pre-orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) factors that could be evaluated pre-operatively or controlled post-operatively associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence and disease-free survival after liver transplantation (LT). METHODS: Four hundred and twelve patients transplanted for HCC between 1988 and 1998 in 14 French centers, who survived the postoperative period were studied. Kaplan Meier estimates were calculated for 24 variables potentially associated with recurrence of HCC. Uni- and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of recurrence. RESULTS: Overall 5-year disease-free survival was 57.1%. By univariate analysis, variables associated with disease-free survival were: presence of cirrhosis (P = 0.001), etiology of liver disease (P = 0.03), alpha fetoprotein level (< 200, 200 to 2000, or > 2000; P < 0.0001), gamma-GT activity (N, N to 2N or > 2N; P = 0.02), the number of nodules (1, 2-3 or > or = 4; P = 0.02), maximal diameter of the largest nodule (< 3 cm, 3 to 5 cm or > 5 cm; P < 0.0001), the sum of the diameter of the nodules (< 3 cm, 3 to 5 cm, 5 to 10 cm or > 10 cm; P < 0.0001), bi-lobar location (P = 0.01), preoperative portal thrombosis (P < 0.0001), peri-operative treatment of the tumor (P = 0.002) and chemoembolization (P = 0.03), tumor differentiation (P = 0.01), initial type of calcineurin inhibitor (P = 0.003), the use of antilymphocyte antibodies (P = 0.02), rejection episodes (P = 0.003) and period of LT (P < 0.0001). By multivariate analysis, 6 variables were independently associated with HCC recurrence: maximal diameter of the largest nodule (P < 0.0001), time of LT (P < 0.0001), tumor differentiation (P < 0.0001), use of anti-lymphocyte antibody (ATG) or anti-CD3 antibody (OKT3) (P = 0.005), preoperative portal thrombosis (P = 0.06) and the number of nodules (P = 0.06). CONCLUSION: This study identifies immunosuppression, through the use of ATG or OKT3, as a predictive factor of tumor recurrence, and confirms the prognostic value of tumor differentiation.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 05/12/2006
• Auteurs : Jean‑luc LochtSellier NathalieSylvie CoutardPierre AntoinePhilippe Feray
• Organismes : Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives

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Résumé : Le nord de la France (Picardie et Nord-Pas-de-Calais) recèle une grande quantité de sites bien conservés du Paléolithique inférieur et moyen, en contexte de plein air. Ces gisements, détruits par les travaux agricoles, ne sont plus interprétables d’un point de vue scientifique. Depuis une quinzaine d’années, cette région a été touchée par de nombreux travaux d’aménagement du territoire qui ont permis la découverte de sites enfouis sous des épaisseurs variables de sédiments et indécelables en surface, présentant une excellente conservation des niveaux d’occupations préhistoriques. Cependant, ceux-ci restent à des profondeurs aisément accessibles dans le cadre d’opérations d’archéologie préventive. La réalisation de sondages destinés à la découverte de gisements paléolithiques conservés en profondeur constitue une des particularités de l’archéologie préventive du nord de la France. Cette démarche est le résultat d’une approche volontariste, qui requiert des connaissances en archéologie préhistorique et en géomorphologie.

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Fichiers liés : Les_Cahiers-de-l-Inrap_03_Article_49-57.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/12/2006
• Auteurs : Frédéric SaltelAnne ChabadelYingshe ZhaoMarie-Hélène Lafage-ProustPhilippe ClézardinPierre JurdicEdith Bonnelye
• Organismes : BioSciences Lyon-Gerland Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule BioSciences Lyon-Gerland Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule Mecanismes et Traitements des Metastases Osseuses des Tumeurs Solides Tissu Osseux et Contraintes Mecaniques Mecanismes et Traitements des Metastases Osseuses des Tumeurs Solides BioSciences Lyon-Gerland Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule BioSciences Lyon-Gerland Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule Mecanismes et Traitements des Metastases Osseuses des Tumeurs Solides
• Publié dans Journal of Bone and Mineral Research le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : Abstract Even though it is assumed that multinucleated osteoclasts are migrating cells on the bone surface to be resorbed, we show that they can also selectively transmigrate through layers of cells usually found in the bone microenvironment. This activity is associated with c-src and MMPs and can be stimulated by bone metastatic breast cancer cells, a process blocked by bisphosphonate treatment. Introduction: Osteoclasts have an hematopoietic origin and are bone-resorbing cells. Monocytic precursors migrate to the bone surface where they fuse to form multinucleated osteoclasts able to migrate over the bone surface. We studied whether multinucleated osteoclasts were also able to transmigrate through tissues. Materials and Methods: Murine spleen-derived and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-Raw derived osteoclasts were seeded on osteoblasts and several other cell types. The cells were fixed for 20 minutes, 4 or 12 h after osteoclast seeding, and stained with phalloidin to visualize actin using confocal microscopy. Drugs such as PP2 and GM6001, inhibitors of c-src and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), respectively, and risedronate were used to determine osteoclast transmigration regulating factors. Results: We observed by confocal microscopy that multinucleated osteoclasts specifically transmigrate through confluent layers of various cell types present in the bone microenvironment in vitro. This is an efficient process associated with c-src and MMPs but is independent of podosomes. Moreover, conditioned medium from bone metastatic breast cancer cells stimulates osteoclast transmigration in vitro, a process inhibited by bisphosphonate treatment. Conclusions: Our data describe a new property of mature multinucleated osteoclasts to transmigrate through various cell types. The ability to control this highly regulated osteoclast transmigration process may offer new therapeutic strategies for bone diseases associated with an imbalance in bone remodeling caused by excessive osteoclast resorption.

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