Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe SteyerOlivier BernardDamien John BatstoneIrini Angelidaki
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Modeling and control of renewable resources Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark
• Publié dans Water Science and Technology le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Anaerobic digestion plants are highly efficient wastewater treatment processes with inherent energy production. Despite these advantages, many industries are still reluctant to use them because of their instability confronted with changes in operating conditions. There is therefore great potential for application of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) in the field of anaerobic digestion. This paper will discuss the requirements (in terms of on-line sensors needed, modelling efforts and mathematical complexity) but also the advantages and drawbacks of different control strategies that have been applied to AD high rate processes over the last 15 years.

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• Type de publi. :
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Philippe AurierJean-Pierre Couderc
• Organismes : Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs

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Résumé : Le résultat majeur, du point de vue des stratégies de marque, est que seulement 40 % des EAA utilisent une stratégie de marque propre en 2002, contre 61% en 1997, ceci au profit d’une forte progression des EAA commercialisant sans marque. Cette évolution s’accompagne d’une hausse du taux d’incorporation de MPA caractérisant une « basification » de la production et une baisse de leur taux de création de valeur ajoutée ainsi qu’un recentrage sur les activités de production, au détriment des activités marketing et commerciale. Les EAA languedociennes, se transformeraient en sous traitants d’entreprises plus importantes, aux centres de décision localisés hors région, et ayant la taille nécessaire permettant de réaliser des économies d’échelle au plan commercial (possession d’une force de vente propre) et marketing (gestion d’une marque forte). Néanmoins, l’utilisation d’une marque propre couplée à un signe d’origine géographique (AOC, autres dénominations telles que les IGP), constitue une voie de développement intéressante. Les meilleures performances sont souvent observées avec l’utilisation de la stratégie conjuguant la présence d’une marque propre et d’un signe géographique.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Yanick SarazinVirginie GrandgirardGuilhem Dif-PradalierEmmanuel FleurenceXavier GarbetPhilippe GhendrihPierre BertrandNicolas BesseNicolas CrouseillesEric SonnendrückerGuillaume LatuÉric Violard
• Organismes : Département de Recherche sur la Fusion Contrôlée Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique Association EURATOM-CEA Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique Institut Jean Lamour Scientific computation and visualization Institut Élie Cartan de Nancy Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée Scientific computation and visualization Scientific computation and visualization Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique
• Publié dans Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : The impact of large scale flows on turbulent transport in magnetized plasmas is explored by means of various kinetic models. Zonal flows are found to lead to a non-linear upshift of turbulent transport in a 3D kinetic model for interchange turbulence. Such a transition is absent from fluid simulations, performed with the same numerical tool, which also predict a much larger transport. The discrepancy cannot be explained by zonal flows only, despite they being overdamped in fluids. Indeed, some difference remains, although reduced, when they are artificially suppressed. Zonal flows are also reported to trigger transport barriers in a 4D drift-kinetic model for slab ion temperature gradient (ITG) turbulence. The density gradient acts as a source drive for zonal flows, while their curvature back stabilizes the turbulence. Finally, 5D simulations of toroidal ITG modes with the global and full-f GYSELA code require the equilibrium density function to depend on the motion invariants only. If not, the generated strong mean flows can completely quench turbulent transport.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Patricia de RosnayJean-Christophe CalvetYann H. KerrWigneron J.-P.François LemaîtreMaria Jose EscorihuelaJ. Muñoz SabaterKauzar Saleh ContellJoël BarriéGilles BouhoursLaurent CoretGuy CherelGérard DedieuRoger DurbeNour Ed Dine FritzFrancis FroissardJoost HoedjesAlain KruszewskiFrançois LavenuDavid SuquiaPhilippe Waldteufel
• Organismes : Service d'aéronomie
• Publié dans Remote Sensing of Environment le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : The primary goal of the SMOS mission is to deliver global fields of sea surface salinity and surface soil moisture using L-band (1.4 GHz) radiometry. Within the context of the preparation of SMOS activities over land, a field campaign, SMOSREX (Surface Monitoring Of the Soil Reservoir EXperiment), has been in operation since January 2001 in Mauzac, near Toulouse in France. Continuous ground measurements of meteorological variables, soil moisture and temperature profiles have been taken over bare soil and a grass plot left fallow. Since January 2003, SMOSREX has been providing accurate field measurements of dual polarized L-band brightness temperature up-welling from both bare soil and fallow plots, together with multi-spectral (from visible to infrared frequencies) remote sensing surface data. The scientific objectives are presented in this paper and the corresponding experimental design is described. The experimental concept is totally new since (i) SMOSREX combines land–surface–atmosphere observations, passive microwave measurements and VIS to NIR remote sensing, (ii) SMOSREX is based on highly accurate L-band measurements carried out by a radiometer specifically designed for the experiment, and (iii) SMOSREX provides a unique continuous data set of L-band measurements over several years. The characteristics of the L-band emission are presented at diurnal, seasonal and annual temporal scales, and the emissions are compared over bare soil and natural grass. The surface emissions over bare soil and fallow area are shown to be counter-phased at the diurnal scale due to small variations in vegetation water content and bare soil surface moisture. Innovative long term results using L-band measurements for both bare soil and natural grass are presented in this paper, and the relationship between the surface emission at L-band and surface bare soil moisture is shown to be suitable for a long term period (19 months). Soil freezing is shown to be drastically different for bare soil and vegetation covered plots, with a large threshold effect on microwave surface emission.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Alice BerthelotIvan FaveroGuillaume CassaboisChristophe VoisinClaude DelalandePhilippe RoussignolJ.-M. Gérard
• Organismes : Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Fabienne LaugerettePatricia Passilly-DegraceBruno PatrisIsabelle NiotJean-Pierre MontmayeurPhilippe Besnard
• Organismes : Centre des Sciences du Goût Centre des Sciences du Goût Centre des Sciences du Goût Centre des Sciences du Goût Centre des Sciences du Goût Centre des Sciences du Goût
• Publié dans Médecine/Sciences le 25/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Sébastien JudéSébastien RogerEric MartelPierre BessonSerge RichardPhilippe BougnouxPascal ChamperouxJean-Yves Le Guennec
• Organismes : Centre de Recherches Biologiques Niche, Nutrition, Cancer et métabolisme oxydatif Centre de Recherches Biologiques Niche, Nutrition, Cancer et métabolisme oxydatif Centre de Recherches Biologiques Niche, Nutrition, Cancer et métabolisme oxydatif Centre de Recherches Biologiques Niche, Nutrition, Cancer et métabolisme oxydatif
• Publié dans Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : The relationship between high fish consumption and low mortality following coronary heart disease (CHD) and low incidence of breast cancer was first mentioned 3 decades ago. The fishes of interest are rich in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LC-PUFAs), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which could be the active nutrients. The current consensus about cardioprotection is that omega-3 LC-PUFAs would mainly exert antiarrhythmic effects. One of the proposed mechanisms is that circulating non-esterified LC-PUFAs partition into cardiac cells membrane phospholipids and exert a direct effect on ionic channels and/or modify intracellular calcium homeostasis. In another hypothesis, changes in the metabolism of phosphoinositides would be involved and lead to the differential activation of PKC isoforms. As compared to the mechanisms proposed for the cardioprotective effects of omega-3 LC-PUFAs, less is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in breast cancers prevention. Some proposed mechanisms such as the modulation of phosphoinositides metabolism and/or modulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis, are common to both pathologies. Other hypotheses involve the alteration of the cellular redox status induced by highly peroxidizable polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA), or the modulation of gene expression, both phenomena being tightly linked to apoptosis. In this review, we report and compare some proposed mechanisms for the involvement of omega-3 LC-PUFAs in both cardiac and breast cancer protection. Deliberately, we chose to discuss only the mechanisms, which are less described in other reviews such as ionic channels in cancer, calcium homeostasis, PKC activation or matrix metalloproteinases in both cancer and cardiac models. The leitmotiv along this review is that cardio- and cancero-protective effects use common pathways. Comparison of the cellular effects might therefore help to highlight the "protective" pathways.

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Fichiers liés : Jude_et_al_rev1.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Laurence Goux-CapesArianna FiloramoDenis CôteJean-Philippe BourgoinJean-Noël Patillon
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'Electronique Moléculaire Laboratoire d'Electronique Moléculaire Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Laboratoire d'Electronique Moléculaire Laboratoire d'Electronique Moléculaire
• Publié dans Physica Status Solidi A (applications and materials science) le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : We present a simple and versatile method for linking single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) together through DNA by non-covalent chemistry using streptavidin-biotin recognition complex. Streptavidin coated SWNTs are reacted with biotin or bis-biotin ended DNA double strands leading to SWNT-DNA and SWNT-DNA-SWNT adducts in high yield. This method avoids strong acidic treatment of SWNTs prior to functionalization as usually required in covalent routes. Complementary characterizations by gel electrophoresis and AFM demonstrated the efficiency of the present binding method. In addition, SWNTs bound to DNA can be aligned on a substrate using the combing properties of DNA strands, bringing a new tool into the toolkit for self-assembling SWNTs onto surfaces.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Pierre BeckM. ChaussidonJean-Alix BarratPhilippe GilletMarcel Bohn
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques Institut d'étude de la mer Domaines Océaniques Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Microsonde Ouest Domaines Océaniques
• Publié dans Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : Ion-microprobe was used to measure Li abundances and isotopic compositions in pyroxenes from three Martian meteorites belonging to the nakhlite family. The profiles performed across augite crystals from Northwest Africa 817 show a large isotopic zoning from crystal cores (δ7Li not, vert, similar 0‰) to rims (δ7Li not, vert, similar +20‰) while Li abundances are almost constant (not, vert, similar9.2 μg/g). Unlike NWA 817, the pyroxene studied in the Miller Range 03346 nakhlite shows a zoning in Li abundance, with concentrations increasing from not, vert, similar2.5 μg/g in the core to not, vert, similar9 μg/g in the rim. The augite rim (δ7Li = +7‰) is slightly enriched in 7Li with regard to the core (δ7Li = +4‰), but most of the isotopic variations observed occur at an intermediate position along the profile, where δ7Li falls down to not, vert, similar−11‰. In the case of Nakhla, Li concentrations in augite increase from cores (not, vert, similar3.5 μg/g) to rims (not, vert, similar6.5 μg/g), while the δ7Li variation is restricted (i.e., between δ7Li = +6.0 and +12.6‰). For the three meteorites the Li abundances were also measured in the groundmass, which was found to be enriched in lithium (not, vert, similar10 μg/g). Conventional magmatic and post-magmatic processes such as alteration and fractional crystallization, fail to explain the dataset obtained on nakhlites. Degassing processes, which were previously proposed to explain the Li distribution in shergottite crystals, cannot result in the strong decoupling between Li abundances and isotopic composition observed in nakhlites. We suggest that the original magmatic Li distributions (concentrations and isotopic compositions) in nakhlites have been modified by diffusion of Li from the Li-rich groundmass towards the pyroxene crystals during sub-solidus cooling. Diffusion appears to have been efficient for NWA 817 and MIL 03346 but, apparently, did not produce a significant migration of Li in Nakhla, possibly because of the lower abundance of groundmass in the latter. Diffusion induced Li redistributions may also affect terrestrial porphyric rocks but very specific cooling rates are required to quench the diffusion profiles as observed in two of the present nakhlites.

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Fichiers liés : publication-1955.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Aude PicardPhilippe OgerIsabelle DanielHervé CardonGilles MontagnacJean-Claude Chervin
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés
• Publié dans Journal of Applied Physics le 02/11/2020

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Résumé : We present an optical pressure sensor suitable for experiments in diamond anvil cell in the 0.1 MPa–2 GPa pressure range, for temperatures between ambient and 323 K. It is based on the pressure-dependent fluorescence spectrum of FluoSpheres®, which are commercially available fluorescent microspheres commonly used to measure blood flow in experimental biology. The fluorescence of microspheres is excited by the 514.5 nm line of an Ar+ laser, and the resulting spectrum displays three very intense broad bands at 534, 558, and 598 nm, respectively. The reference wavelength and pressure gauge is that of the first inflection point of the spectrum, located at 525.6±0.2 nm at ambient pressure. It is characterized by an instantaneous and large linear pressure shift of 9.93(±0.08) nm/GPa. The fluorescence of the FluoSpheres® has been investigated as a function of pressure (0.1–4 GPa), temperature (295–343 K), pH (3–12), salinity, and pressure transmitting medium. These measurements show that, for pressures comprised between 0.1 MPa and 2 GPa, at temperatures not exceeding 323 K, at any pH, in aqueous pressure transmitting media, pressure can be calculated from the wavelength shift of two to three beads, according to the relation P=0.100 (±0.001) Deltalambdai(P) with Deltalambdai(P)=lambdai(P)–lambdai(0) and lambdai(P) as the wavelength of the first inflection point of the spectrum at the pressure P. This pressure sensor is approximately thirty times more sensitive than the ruby scale and responds instantaneously to pressure variations.

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