Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Jean-Jacques CorneePhilippe MunchFrédéric QuillévéréPierre MoissetteIuliana VasilievWout KrijgsmanChrystèle VeratiChristophe Lécuyer
• Organismes : PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere Géologie des Systèmes Carbonatés PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere Géoazur PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere
• Publié dans Earth and Planetary Science Letters le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : We discovered a volcaniclastic layer in the Plio-Pleistocene coastal sequences on the island of Rhodes (Aegean fore-arc, Greece). Here, we present an integrated isotopic, magnetostratigraphic, and biostratigraphic (planktonic foraminifers) study for the Haraki section, where this layer is found intercalated in several meters of sedimentary rocks corresponding to the Lindos Bay clay Member of the Rhodes Formation. 40Ar/39Ar dating of the volcaniclastic layer provides an age of 1.89±0.09 Ma, which is consistent with our planktonic foraminiferal data. Magnetostratigraphic results show that the entire Haraki section is of normal polarity and according to the isotopic results this corresponds to the Olduvai subchron (1.95–1.77 Ma). The new age determination provides severe constraints for deciphering the sedimentary and tectonic evolution of Rhodes since the Late Pliocene, which can be summarized in the following: (1) 500 to 600 m drowning during the latest Pliocene that could be related to the westward motion of the Anatolian Plate; (2) at least 520 m of uplift at around 1.4–1.3 Ma related to activity of the sinistral strike-slip of the Pliny Trench, the deep Rhodes basin being separated from the island of Rhodes; (3) a counterclockwise rotation of Rhodes, younger than 1.2–1.1 Ma, and possibly synchronous with the young clockwise rotation of the western Aegean arc.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Jean-Paul BoudouPhilippe ParentF. Suarez-GarciaS. Villar-RodilA. Martinez-AlonsoJ.M.D. Tascon
• Organismes : Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux
• Publié dans Carbon le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : Activated carbon fibers were prepared from Nomex@ [poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide)] by either H3PO4 activation, H3PO4–CO2 activation, or simply CO2 or steam activation. These treatments converted amide groups from the polymer precursor into complex and heterogeneously distributed nitrogen functionalities. TPD, XPS and XANES were used to study the effects of these treatments on the local bonding environment around nitrogen in the resulting carbons. These analytical techniques showed that nitrogen atoms are present in the 6-membered rings located at the edges of condensed polyaromatic systems as pyridine-like sp2 nitrogen (N1 or N2) or in the inte¬rior, where nitrogen replaces one carbon atom and is bonded to three carbon neighbors (N3). The occurrence of a species (N2) hypo¬thetically related to a pyridinic cycle bearing oxygen substituents or intracyclic oxygen atoms could be correlated with the degree of oxidation of the carbon surface. Assuming that a relative N3 increase is indicative of aromatization and that the reverse, correlated with a N2 increase, is indicative of surface oxidative denitrogenation, the ratio between these nitrogen species revealed that aromatization and oxidative denitrogenation processes occur sequentially or simultaneously to different extents according to the type of carbon activation and to the burn-off degree. Physical activation involves thermal aromatization reactions during the carbonization stage and the subse¬quent isothermal activation one. In this second activation stage, co-occurring thermal oxidation reactions lead to a less intense denitro¬genation during CO2 activation than during steam activation. H3PO4 activation induces the largest nitrogen retention in the final product in a double process of aromatization and ‘‘auto-activation'' producing a moderate oxidative attack of nitrogen. However, an increase of the H3PO4 ratio fostered the oxidation of the carbon surface and consequently enhanced nitrogen gasification during the subsequent activation.

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Fichiers liés : Boudou-Nitrogen_in_aramid-based_activated_carbon_fibers.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Brigitte GranelYannick AllanoreChristophe ChevillardViolaine ArnaudSandrine MarquetPierre-Jean WeillerJean-Marc DurandJean-Robert HarléClaire GrangeYves FrancesPhilippe BerbisJean GaudartPhilippe De MiccoAndré KahanAlain Dessein
• Organismes : Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM] Service de rhumatologie [CHU Cochin] Génétique et immunologie des maladies parasitaires UNIROUEN - UFR Santé Service de Médecine Interne Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Pavillon T Service de Chirurgie Centre de Recherche Roland Mousnier Histoire et Civilisation Service de Médecine interne [CHU Saint-Etienne] Laboratoire d'informatique Fondamentale de Marseille - UMR 6166 Service de rhumatologie [CHU Cochin] Génétique et immunologie des maladies parasitaires
• Publié dans Journal of Rheumatology le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : no abstract

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : V. GuénardPhilippe DrobinskiJean-Luc CacciaGilles TedeschiP. Currier
• Organismes : Service d'aéronomie
• Publié dans Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : This paper investigates the fundamental processes involved in a severe Mistral event that occurred during the Mesoscale Alpine Program (from 6 to 9 November 1999). The Mistral refers to a violent north/north-westerly wind blowing in south-eastern France from the Rhône valley to the French Riviera. The study is based on measurements from radiosoundings launched from Lyon and Nîmes and from two UHF wind profilers located near Marseille and Toulon allowing a good description of the flow in the complex terrain formed by the south-western Alps. Observational results are compared with RAMS non-hydrostatic numerical simulations performed with 27 km, 9 km and 3 km nested grids. The numerical simulations capture the flow complexity both upstream of the Alps and in the coastal area affected by the Mistral. They correctly reproduce horizontal wind speeds and directions, vertical velocities, virtual potential temperature and relative humidity documented by the observational network. The simulations are used to point out the main dynamical processes generating the Mistral. It is found that flow splitting around the Alps and around the isolated peaks bordering the south-eastern part of the Rhône valley (Mont Ventoux 1909 m, Massif du Lubéron 1425 m) induces the low-level jet observed near Marseille that lasts for 36 hours. The high-resolution simulation indicates that the transient low-level jet lasting for only 9 hours observed at Toulon is due to a gravity wave breaking over local topography (the Sainte Baume 1147 m) where hydraulic jumps are involved. A mountain wake with two opposite-sign potential-vorticity banners is generated. The mesoscale wake explains the westward progression of the large-scale Alpine wake.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Jean-Luc BarayJean LeveauSerge BaldyJean JouzelPhilippe KeckhutGilles BergamettiGérard AncelletHassan BencherifBertrand CadetM. CarleerChristine DavidM. de MazièreDenis FaduilheSophie GodinPhilippe GoloubFlorence GoutailJean-Marc MetzgerBéatrice MorelJean-Pierre PommereauJacques PorteneuveThierry PortafaixFrançoise PosnyLaurent RobertM. van Roozendael
• Organismes : Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables Service d'aéronomie Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques Service d'aéronomie Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique Service d'aéronomie Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Service d'aéronomie Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 Service d'aéronomie Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Service d'aéronomie Service d'aéronomie Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique
• Publié dans International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis le 06/02/2024

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Résumé : The assessment of changes induced by human activities on Earth atmospheric composition and thus on global climate requires a long-term and regular survey of the stratospheric and tropospheric atmospheric layers. The objective of this paper is to describe the atmospheric observations performed continuously at Reunion Island (55.5° east, 20.8° south) for 15 years. The various instruments contributing to the systematic observations are described as well as the measured parameters, the accuracy and the database. The LiDAR systems give profiles of temperature, aerosols and ozone in the troposphere and stratosphere, probes give profiles of temperature, ozone and relative humidity, radiometers and spectrometers give stratospheric and tropospheric integrated columns of a variety of atmospheric trace gases. Data are included in international networks, and used for satellite validation. Moreover, some scientific activities for which this station offers exceptional opportunities are highlighted, especially air mass exchanges nearby dynamical barriers: (1) On the vertical scale through the tropical tropopause layer (stratosphere-troposphere exchange). (2) On the quasi-horizontal scale across the southern subtropical barrier separating the tropical stratospheric reservoir from mid- and high latitudes.

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Fichiers liés : Baray et al, JEM 2006_hal.pdf

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• Type de publi. :
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Philippe BesnardJérôme LangPierre Marquis
• Organismes : Logique, Interaction, Langue et Calcul Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Laboratoire d'analyse et modélisation de systèmes pour l'aide à la décision Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Logique, Interaction, Langue et Calcul Centre de Recherche en Informatique de Lens

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Résumé : Representing (and reasoning about) preference relations over combinatorial domains is computationally expensive. For many problems involving such preferences, it is relevant to simplify them by projecting them on a subset of variables. We investigate several possible definitions, focusing without loss of generality on propositional (binary) variables.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe LavalPierre BlaineauNicolas LeprovostBérengère DubrulleFrançois Daviaud
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 Service de physique de l'état condensé Service de physique de l'état condensé Service de physique de l'état condensé Service de physique de l'état condensé
• Publié dans Physical Review Letters le 02/11/2020

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Résumé : We use direct and stochastic numerical simulations of the magnetohydrodynamic equations to explore the influence of turbulence on the dynamo threshold. In the spirit of the Kraichnan-Kazantsev model, we model the turbulence by a noise, with given amplitude, injection scale and correlation time. The addition of a stochastic noise to the mean velocity significantly alters the dynamo threshold. When the noise is at small (resp. large) scale, the dynamo threshold is decreased (resp. increased). For a large scale noise, a finite correlation time reinforces this effect.

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Fichiers liés : prl-bruit-221205.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : David EhrenreichAlain Lecavelier Des EtangsJean-Philippe BeaulieuOlivier Grasset
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes [UMR 6112]
• Publié dans The Astrophysical Journal le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : Extrasolar planets as light as a few Earth masses are now being detected. Such planets are likely not gas or ice giants. Here, we present a study on the possible properties of the small and cold extrasolar planets, applied to the case of the recently discovered planet OGLE 2005-BLG-390Lb. This planet (5.5+5.5-2.7 M⊕) orbits 2.6+1.5-0.6 AU away from an old M-type star of the Galactic bulge. The planet should be entirely frozen given the low surface temperature (35-47 K). However, depending on the rock-to-ice mass ratio in the planet, the radiogenic heating could be sufficient to make the existence of liquid water within an icy crust possible. This possibility is estimated as a function of the planetary mass and the illumination received from the parent star, both being strongly related by the observational constraints. The results are presented for water-poor and water-rich planets. We find that no oceans can be present in any cases at 9-10 Gyr, a typical age for a star of the bulge. However, we find that in the past, when the planet was <~5 Gyr old, liquid water was likely present below an icy surface. Nevertheless, the planet is now likely to be entirely frozen.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Joëlle TexereauDany JamalGérald ChoukrounPierre-Régis BurgelJean-Luc DiehlAntoine RabbatPhilippe LoiratAntoine ParrotAlexandre DuguetJoël CosteDaniel DusserDominique HubertJean-Paul Mira
• Organismes : Service de physiologie et explorations fonctionelles [CHU Cochin] Institut Cochin Service de réanimation médicale polyvalente [CHU Cochin] Institut Cochin Service de réanimation médicale polyvalente [CHU Cochin] Institut Cochin Service de pneumologie [CHU Cochin] Institut Cochin Service de réanimation médicale [CHU HEGP] Institut Cochin Service de Pneumologie – Réanimation Médicale Service de Réanimation Médicale Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Mans CHU Tenon [AP-HP] Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Mans CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Institut Cochin Service d'informatique médicale [CHU Cochin] Institut Cochin Service de pneumologie [CHU Cochin] Institut Cochin Service de pneumologie [CHU Cochin] Institut Cochin Service de réanimation médicale polyvalente [CHU Cochin]
• Publié dans Respiratory Research le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND: Intensive care unit (ICU) admission of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) is controversial because of poor outcome. This appraisal needs re-evaluation following recent changes in both CF management and ICU daily practice. Objectives were to determine long-term outcome of adults with CF admitted in ICU and to identify prognostic factors. METHODS: Retrospective multicenter study of 60 ICU hospitalizations for 42 adult CF patients admitted between 2000 and 2003. Reason for ICU admission, ventilatory support provided and one-year survival were recorded. Multiple logistic analysis was used to determine predictors of mortality. RESULTS: Prior to ICU admission, all patients (mean age 28.1 +/- 8 yr) had a severe lung disease (mean FEV1 28 +/- 12% predicted; mean PaCO2 47 +/- 9 mmHg). Main reason for ICU hospitalization was pulmonary infective exacerbation (40/60). At admission, noninvasive ventilation was used in 57% of cases and was successful in 67% of patients. Endotracheal intubation was implemented in 19 episodes. Overall ICU mortality rate was 14%. One year after ICU discharge, 10 of the 28 survivors have been lung transplanted. Among recognized markers of CF disease severity, only the annual FEV1 loss was associated with a poor outcome (HR = 1.47 [1.18-1.85], p = 0.001). SAPSII (HR = 1.08 [1.03-1.12], p < 0.001) and endotracheal intubation (HR = 16.60 [4.35-63.34], p < 0.001) were identified as strong independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION: Despite advanced lung disease, adult patients with CF admitted in ICU have high survival rate. Endotracheal intubation is associated with a poor prognosis and should be used as the last alternative. Although efforts have to be made in selecting patients with CF likely to benefit from ICU resources, ICU admission of these patients should be considered.

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Fichiers liés : 1465-9921-7-14.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Chapître d'ouvrage
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Jean-Pierre PrenelFrançois LanzettaBruno SerioEric GavignetPhilippe NikaYannick BaillyLaurent Thiery
• Organismes : Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174)

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