Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Jean-Baptiste Le BouquinPierre LabeyeFabien MalbetLaurent JocouFatemeh ZabihianKarine Rousselet-PerrautJean-Philippe BergerAlain DelboulbePierre KernAndreas GlindemannMarkus Schoeller
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble European Southern Observatory European Southern Observatory
• Publié dans Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : Our objective is to prove that integrated optics (IO) is not only a good concept for astronomical interferometry but also a working technique with high performance. We used the commissioning data obtained with the dedicated K-band integrated optics two-telescope beam combiner which now replaces the fiber coupler MONA in the VLTI/VINCI instrument. We characterize the behaviour of this IO device and compare its properties to other single mode beam combiner like the previously used MONA fiber coupler. The IO combiner provides a high optical throughput, a contrast of 89% with a night-to-night stability of a few percent. Even if a dispersive phase is present, we show that it does not bias the measured Fourier visibility estimate. An upper limit of 0.005 for the cross-talk between linear polarization states has been measured. We take advantage of the intrinsic contrast stability to test a new astronomical prodecure for calibrating diameters of simple stars by simultaneously fitting the instrumental contrast and the apparent stellar diameters. This method reaches an accuracy with diameter errors of the order of previous ones but without the need of an already known calibrator. These results are an important step of integrated optics and paves the road to incoming imaging interferometer projects.

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Fichiers liés : LeBouquin-2TK.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Andreas KlumppWolfgang AnselGabriele KlumppVicent CalatayudJean-Pierre J.-P. GarrecShang HeJosep PenuelasAngela RibasHelge Ro-PoulsenStine RasmussenMaría José SanzPhilippe Vergne
• Organismes : Universität Hohenheim = University of Hohenheim Universität Hohenheim = University of Hohenheim Universität Hohenheim = University of Hohenheim Fundación CEAM Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona = Autonomous University of Barcelona = Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona = Autonomous University of Barcelona = Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet Fundación CEAM École normale supérieure - Cachan Jardin Botanique de Lyon
• Publié dans Atmospheric Environment le 23/10/2020

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Résumé : In the frame of a European research project on air quality in urban agglomerations, data on ozone concentrations from 23 automated urban and suburban monitoring stations in 11 cities from seven countries were analysed and evaluated. Daily and summer mean and maximum concentrations were computed based on hourly mean values, and cumulative ozone exposure indices (Accumulated exposure Over a Threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40), AOT20) were calculated. The diurnal profiles showed a characteristic pattern in most city centres, with minimum values in the early morning hours, a strong rise during the morning, peak concentrations in the afternoon, and a decline during the night. The widest amplitudes between minimum and maximum values were found in central and southern European cities such as Du¨ sseldorf, Verona, Klagenfurt, Lyon or Barcelona. In the northern European cities of Edinburgh and Copenhagen, by contrast, maximum values were lower and diurnal variation was much smaller. Based on ozone concentrations as well as on cumulative exposure indices, a clear north–south gradient in ozone pollution, with increasing levels from northern and northwestern sites to central and southern European sites, was observed. Only the Spanish cities did not fit this pattern; there, ozone levels were again lower than in central European cities, probably due to the direct influence of strong car traffic emissions. In general, ozone concentrations and cumulative exposure were significantly higher at suburban sites than at urban and traffic-exposed sites. When applying the newly established European Union (EU) Directive on ozone pollution in ambient air, it was demonstrated that the target value for the protection of human health was regularly surpassed at urban as well as suburban sites, particularly in cities in Austria, France, northern Italy and southern Germany. European target values and long-term objectives for the protection of vegetation expressed as AOT40 were also exceeded at many monitoring sites.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Loïc Le MarrecPhilippe LasayguesThierry ScottiJean-Pierre Lefebvre
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique [Marseille] Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique [Marseille] Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique [Marseille] Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique [Marseille]

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Louis LeitaoPierre P. DizengremelDidier Le ThiecJean-Philippe Biolley
• Organismes : Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour
• Publié dans Environmental Pollution le 24/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Philippe AzouviPaolo BartolomeoJean-Marie BeisDominic Alain PérennouPascale Pradat-DiehlMarc Rousseaux
• Organismes : Service de réeducation fonctionnelle [Raymond Poincaré] Physiologie et physiopathologie de la motricité chez l'homme Neuro-anatomie fonctionnelle du comportement et de ses troubles CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Neuropsychologie et neurobiologie du vieillissement cérébral Département de neurosciences CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Physiologie et physiopathologie de la motricité chez l'homme CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
• Publié dans Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : PURPOSE: The lack of agreement regarding assessment methods is responsible for the variability in the reported rate of occurrence of unilateral neglect (UN) after stroke. In addition, dissociations have been reported between performance on traditional paper-and-pencil tests and UN in everyday life situations. METHODS: In this paper, we present the validation studies of a quantitative test battery for UN, including paper-and-pencil tests, an assessment of personal neglect, extinction, and anosognosia, and a behavioural assessment, the Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS). The battery was given to healthy subjects (n=456-476) and to patients with subacute stroke, either of the right or the left hemisphere. RESULTS: In healthy subjects, a significant effect of age, education duration and acting hand was found in several tasks. In patients with right hemisphere stroke, the most sensitive paper and pencil measure was the starting point in the cancellation task. The whole battery was more sensitive than any single test alone. An important finding was that behavioural assessment was more sensitive than any other single test. Neglect was two to four times less frequent, but also less severe and less consistent after left hemisphere stroke. CONCLUSION: Assessment of UN should rely on a battery of quantitative and standardised tests. Some patients may show clinically significant UN in everyday life while obtaining a normal performance on paper-and-pencil measures. This underlines the necessity to use a behavioural assessment of UN.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Christophe MenkesJérôme VialardSean C. KennanJean-Philippe BoulangerGurvan Madec
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'océanographie dynamique et de climatologie Laboratoire d'océanographie dynamique et de climatologie Oceanographic Center Laboratoire d'océanographie dynamique et de climatologie Laboratoire d'océanographie dynamique et de climatologie
• Publié dans Journal of Physical Oceanography le 26/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Gilles MartelAmmar HideurBülend OrtaçJean-Bernard LecourtC. ChédotMarc BrunelB. ChéronJens LimpertT. TunnermannPhilippe GreluMaud GuezoC. LabbeSlimane LoualichePhilippe RoussignolFrançois SanchezH. LeblondA. Komarov
• Organismes : Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie Institut für Angewandte Physik Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie Institut für Angewandte Physik Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering [Jena] Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering [Jena] Laboratoire de Physique de l'Université de Bourgogne Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications Propriétés Optiques des Matériaux et Applications Institute of Automation and Electrometry

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Résumé : Le premier laser à fibre dopé aux ions de terres rares fonctionna au tout début des années 60. Il fournissait quelques milliwatts autour de 1 m. Les décades suivantes virent très peu d'améliorations tant du côté des laboratoires que du point de vue industriel. La dernière décennie (1995/2005) vit se concrétiser la seconde révolution des lasers à fibres. Déjà kilowatt en continu, ils atteignent désormais les 1013 watts/cm2 avec des impulsions de la centaine de femtoseconde. Lors de cette présentation nous passerons en revue les potentialités des lasers à fibre. Nous décrirons les verrous technologiques qui ont été levés ces dix dernières années pour les régimes CW mais aussi femtosecondes. Nous montrerons également comment la prochaine génération de fibres optiques actuellement en développement permettra d'offrir des sources stables et de très haute puissance pour l'avenir proche.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Virginie GrandgirardMaura BrunettiPierre BertrandNicolas BesseXavier GarbetPhilippe GhendrihGiovanni ManfrediYanick SarazinOlivier SauterEric SonnendrückerJ. VaclavikLaurent Villard
• Organismes : Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique Institut Jean Lamour Scientific computation and visualization Institut Élie Cartan de Nancy Association EURATOM-CEA Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg Département de Recherche sur la Fusion Contrôlée Scientific computation and visualization Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée
• Publié dans Journal of Computational Physics le 01/11/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Nilanjana Deb-JoardarNatacha GermainGilles ThuretPierre ManoliPhilippe GainLuc MillotYann GavetBruno EstourAnne-Frédérique Garcin
• Organismes : Service d’Ophtalmologie [CHU Saint-Etienne] Service d'Endocrinologie de l'adulte Service d’Ophtalmologie [CHU Saint-Etienne] Service d’Ophtalmologie [CHU Saint-Etienne] Service d’Ophtalmologie [CHU Saint-Etienne] Service d'Endocrinologie de l'adulte Centre Ingénierie et Santé Département Imagerie et Statistiques Laboratoire des Procédés en Milieux Granulaires Institut Fédératif de Recherche en Sciences et Ingénierie de la Santé Service d'Endocrinologie de l'adulte
• Publié dans American Journal of Ophthalmology le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Purpose To assess the effects of pupillary dilation on image quality and certitude of screening diabetic retinopathy by trained endocrinologists using a digital nonmydriatic camera. Design Prospective, comparative, observational case series. Methods One hundred fifty patients with diabetes attending a hospital-based photographic screening clinic had five-field (45 degree) digital retinal imaging and mosaic construction, first through dark-adapted pupils, then after a single application of tropicamide 1%. The 600 sets of images (150 patients, 300 eyes, before and after dilation) were graded independently and in a blinded manner by two endocrinologists and two ophthalmologists, with the consensual opinion on dilated images of the latter serving as the gold standard. The criteria of evaluation were assessment of image quality and certitude of detecting and grading retinopathy. Results Of 300 eyes, pharmacological mydriasis improved image quality, with an increase in the number of eyes with five good images from seven to 160 and good-quality mosaics from 99 to 233. Dilation allowed better identification of maculopathy in the second eye because there was a decrease in ungradeable central images from 127 to 15 eyes. Dilation increased the number of eyes having retinopathy detected with certainty from 153 to 252 and graded with certainty from 173 to 277. No adverse effects were recorded. Conclusions Single application of tropicamide 1% significantly improves image quality and certitude of screening diabetic retinopathy with nonmydriatic camera by endocrinologists.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Philippe SorrelSperanta-Maria PopescuM.J. HeadJean-Pierre SucStephan KlotzH. Oberhänsli
• Organismes : German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere
• Publié dans Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology le 02/11/2020

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Résumé : The Aral Sea Basin is a critical area for studying the influence of climate and anthropogenic impact on the development of hydrographic conditions in an endorheic basin. We present organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst analyses with a sampling resolution of 15 to 20 years from a core retrieved at Chernyshov Bay in the NW Large Aral Sea (Kazakhstan). Cysts are present throughout, but species richness is low (seven taxa). The dominant morphotypes are Lingulodinium machaerophorum with varied process length and Impagidinium caspienense, a species recently described from the Caspian Sea. Subordinate species are Caspidinium rugosum, Romanodinium areolatum, Spiniferites cruciformis, cysts of Pentapharsodinium dalei, and round brownish protoperidiniacean cysts. The chlorococcalean algae Botryococcus and Pediastrum are taken to represent freshwater inflow into the Aral Sea. The data are used to reconstruct salinity as expressed in lake level changes during the past 2000 years. We quantify and date for the first time prominent salinity variations from the northern part of the Large Aral Sea. During high lake levels, I. caspienense, representing brackish conditions with salinities of about 10-15 g kg-¹ or less, prevails. Assemblages dominated by L. machaerophorum document lake lowstands during approximately 0-425 AD (or 100? BC-425 AD), 920-1230 AD, 1500 AD, 1600-1650 AD, 1800 AD and since the 1960s. Because salinity in the Aral Sea is mostly controlled by meltwater discharges from the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers, we interpret changes in salinity levels as a proxy for temperature fluctuations in the Tien Shan Mountains that control snow melt. Significant erosion of marine Palaeogene and Neogene deposits in the hinterland, evidenced between 1230 AD and 1400 AD, is regarded as sheet-wash from shore. This is controlled by the low pressure system that develops over the Eastern Mediterranean and brings moist air to the Middle East and Central Asia during late spring and summer. We propose that the recorded environmental changes are related primarily to climate, but perhaps to a lesser extent by humancontrolled irrigation activities. Our results documenting climate change in western Central Asia are fairly consistent with reports elsewhere from Central Asia.

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