Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/03/2005
• Auteurs : Hélène CachierFabien AulagnierRoland Sarda-EstèveFrançois GautierPierre MascletJean-Luc BesombesNicolas MarchandSerge DespiauDelphine CrociMarc MalletPaolo LajAngela MarinoniPierre-Alexandre DeveauJean-Claude RogerJean-Philippe PutaudRita van DingenenAlessandro Dell'AcquaJyrkki ViidanojaSebastiao Martins dos SantosCathy LiousseFrédéric CousinRobert RossetEric GardratCorinne Galy-Lacaux
• Organismes : Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Laboratoire LCME / Equipe Chimie de l'Environnement Laboratoire LCME / Equipe Chimie de l'Environnement Laboratoire LCME / Equipe Chimie de l'Environnement Laboratoire d'Etudes d'Echanges Particulaires aux Interfaces Laboratoire d'Etudes d'Echanges Particulaires aux Interfaces Laboratoire d'Etudes d'Echanges Particulaires aux Interfaces Laboratoire de météorologie physique Laboratoire de météorologie physique Laboratoire de météorologie physique Ecosystèmes littoraux et côtiers - UMR 8013 JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie
• Publié dans Atmospheric Research le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : The “Expérience sur Site pour COntraindre les Modèles de Pollution atmosphérique et de Transport d'Emissions” (ESCOMPTE) experiment took place in the Southern part of France in the Marseilles/Fos-Berre region during 6 weeks in June and July 2001. One task was to document the regional sources of atmospheric particles and to gain some insight into the aerosol transformations in the atmosphere. For this purpose, seven sites were chosen and equipped with the same basic instrumentation to obtain the chemical closure of the bulk aerosol phase and size-segregated samples. Some specific additional experiments were conducted for the speciation of the organic matter and the aerosol size distribution in number. Finally, four multiwavelength sun-photometers were also deployed during the experiment. Interestingly, in this region, three intense aerosol sources (urban, industrial and biogenic) are very active, and data show consistent results, enlightening an important background of particles over the whole ESCOMPTE domain. Notable is the overwhelming importance of the carbonaceous fraction (comprising primary and secondary particles), which is always more abundant than sulphates. Particle size studies show that, on average, more than 90% of the mean regional aerosol number is found on a size range smaller than 300 nm in diameter. The most original result is the evidence of the rapid formation of secondary aerosols occurring in the whole ESCOMPTE domain. This formation is much more important than that usually observed at these latitudes since two thirds of the particulate mass collected off source zones is estimated to be generated during atmospheric transport. On the other hand, the marine source has poor influence in the region, especially during the overlapping pollution events of Intensive Observation Periods (IOP). Preliminary results from the 0D and 3D versions of the MesoNH-aerosol model show that, with optimised gas and particle sources, the model accounts satisfactorily for the measured aerosol concentrations. The formation of secondary particles in the model is currently underway; initial encouraging results show that the model accounts for the formation of secondary species, such as sulphate and organic particles. Finally, radiative calculations suggest that the role of the fine aerosol fraction is predominant mostly due to the presence of black carbon (BC) particles, which could induce a regional atmospheric heating.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/03/2005
• Auteurs : Éric FlorentinL. GallimardJean-Pierre PellePhilippe Rougeot
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie
• Publié dans Engineering Computations le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : Purpose – In this paper, we focus on the quality of a 2D elastic finite element analysis. Design/methodology/approach – Our objective is to control the discretization parameters in order to achieve a prescribed local quality level over a dimensioning zone. The method is based on the concept of constitutive relation error. Findings – The method is illustrated through 2D test examples and shows clearly that in terms of cost, this technique provides an additional benefit compared to previous methods. Research limitations/implications – The saving would be even more significant if this mesh adaptation technique were applied in three dimensions. Indeed, in 3D problems, the computing cost is vital and, in general, it is this cost that sets the limits. Practical implications – This tool is directly usable in the design stage. Originality/value – The new tool developed guarantees a local quality level prescribed by the us

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Fichiers liés : 2005-EC-Adaptive-meshing-local-quality-ef-lg-jpp-pr.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 03/02/2005
• Auteurs : Marie VidailhetLaurent VercueilJean-Luc HouetoPierre KrystkowiakAlim-Louis BenabidPhilippe CornuChristelle LagrangeSophie Tezenas Du MontcelDidier DormontSylvie D. GrandSerge BlondOlivier DetanteBernard PillonClaire ArdouinYves AgidAlain DestéePierre PollakSpidy Study Group
• Organismes : CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP] Neurologie Expérimentale et Thérapeutique Département de neurologie Neurosciences précliniques Service de neurologie [CHU de Poitiers] Noyaux gris centraux Département de neurologie Neurosciences précliniques CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Département de neurologie Génétique épidémiologique et structures des populations humaines Neurosciences cognitives et imagerie cérébrale Service d'Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Service de neuro-chirurgie Département de neurologie CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP] Département de neurologie Neurologie Expérimentale et Thérapeutique CIC AP-HP (pitie-Salpetriere)/inserm Noyaux gris centraux Département de neurologie Neurosciences précliniques
• Publié dans New England Journal of Medicine le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND: Severe forms of dystonia respond poorly to medical treatment. Deep-brain stimulation is a reversible neurosurgical procedure that has been used for the treatment of dystonia, but assessment of its efficacy has been limited to open studies. METHODS: We performed a prospective, controlled, multicenter study assessing the efficacy and safety of bilateral pallidal stimulation in 22 patients with primary generalized dystonia. The severity of dystonia was evaluated before surgery and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively during neurostimulation, with the use of the movement and disability subscores of the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Scale (range, 0 to 120 and 0 to 30, respectively, with higher scores indicating greater impairment). Movement scores were assessed by a review of videotaped sessions performed by an observer who was unaware of treatment status. At three months, patients underwent a double-blind evaluation in the presence and absence of neurostimulation. We also assessed the patients' quality of life, cognition, and mood at baseline and 12 months. RESULTS: The dystonia movement score improved from a mean (+/-SD) of 46.3+/-21.3 before surgery to 21.0+/-14.1 at 12 months (P<0.001). The disability score improved from 11.6+/-5.5 before surgery to 6.5+/-4.9 at 12 months (P<0.001). General health and physical functioning were significantly improved at month 12; there were no significant changes in measures of mood and cognition. At the three-month evaluation, dystonia movement scores were significantly better with neurostimulation than without neurostimulation (24.6+/-17.7 vs. 34.6+/-12.3, P<0.001). There were five adverse events (in three patients); all resolved without permanent sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the efficacy and safety of the use of bilateral stimulation of the internal globus pallidus in selected patients with primary generalized dystonia.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2005
• Auteurs : Francine Garnache-OttouLaurence ChaperotSabeha BiichleChristophe FerrandJean-Paul Remy-MartinEric DeconinckPatrick Darodes de TaillyBénédicte BulaboisJacqueline PouletEmilienne KuhleinMarie-Christine JacobVéronique SalaunMichel ArockBernard DrenouFrançoise SchillingerEstelle SeillesPierre TiberghienJean-Claude BensaJoël PlumasPhilippe Saas
• Organismes : Hôpital Michallon Laboratoire recherche et développement Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble Laboratoire de biologie moléculaire Service greffe de moelle osseuse Electrical and Computer Engineering department Bases moléculaires de la progression tumorale -Groupe de Recherche sur les Lymphomes Laboratoire d'Immunocytologie Laboratoire de Biologie et de Pharmacologie Appliquée Bases moléculaires de la progression tumorale -Groupe de Recherche sur les Lymphomes Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique [Marseille] Laboratoires Immunocytologie et HLA, département d'Immunologie Cellulaire Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble
• Publié dans Blood le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : A new entity of acute leukemia coexpressing CD4(+)CD56(+) markers without any other lineage-specific markers has been identified recently as arising from lymphoid-related plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). In our laboratory, cells from a patient with such CD4(+)CD56(+) lineage-negative leukemia were unexpectedly found to also express the myeloid marker CD33. To confirm the diagnosis of pDC leukemia despite the CD33 expression, we demonstrated that the leukemic cells indeed exhibited pDC phenotypic and functional properties. In 7 of 8 other patients with CD4(+)CD56(+) pDC malignancies, we were able to confirm that the tumor cells expressed CD33 although with variable expression levels. CD33 expression was shown by flow cytometry, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and immunoblot analysis. Furthermore, CD33 monoclonal antibody stimulation of purified CD4(+)CD56(+) leukemic cells led to cytokine secretion, thus confirming the presence of a functional CD33 on these leukemic cells. Moreover, we found that circulating pDCs in healthy individuals also weakly express CD33. Overall, our results demonstrate that the expression of CD33 on CD4(+)CD56(+) lineage-negative cells should not exclude the diagnosis of pDC leukemia and underline that pDC-specific markers should be used at diagnosis for CD4(+)CD56(+) malignancies.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2005
• Auteurs : Franck PrugnolleAndré ThéronJean Pierre PointierRoula Jabbour-ZahabPhilippe JarnePatrick DurandThierry de Meeûs
• Organismes : Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses Parasitologie fonctionnelle et évolutive [2003-2006] Parasitologie fonctionnelle et évolutive [2003-2006] Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses
• Publié dans Evolution - International Journal of Organic Evolution le 24/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2005
• Auteurs : Sophie BastinVincent PuygrenierFabienne LohouBernard CampistronClotilde MoppertFrédérique SaïdPhilippe DrobinskiVincent GuénardJean-Luc CacciaAlain DabasPatricia DelvilleOlivier ReitebuchConsuelo Werner
• Organismes : Service d'aéronomie Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie Service d'aéronomie Laboratoire de sondages électromagnétiques de l'environnement terrestre Laboratoire de sondages électromagnétiques de l'environnement terrestre Centre national de recherches météorologiques Division technique INSU/SDU DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre = DLR Institute of Atmospheric Physics DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre = DLR Institute of Atmospheric Physics

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2005
• Auteurs : Sébastien DharancyMathilde MalapelGabriel PerlemuterTania RoskamsYang ChengLaurent DubuquoyPhilippe PodevinFiloména ContiValérie CanvaDavid PhilippeLuc GambiezPhilippe MathurinJean-Claude ParisKristina SchoonjansYvon CalmusStanislas PolJohan AuwerxPierre Desreumaux
• Organismes : Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Carcinogenèse Hépatique et Virologie Moléculaire Catholic University of Leuven = Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Institut de génétique et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP] Institut de génétique et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille]
• Publié dans Gastroenterology le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Liver inflammation, fibrosis, and dyslipidemia are common features in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Because peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) is highly expressed in the liver and is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammation, we sought to determine whether HCV infection may locally impair PPARalpha expression and activity. METHODS: PPARalpha expression was investigated in liver biopsy specimens of 86 untreated patients with HCV infection and controls, by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. PPARalpha activity was assessed by quantification of the key gene target carnitine palmitoyl acyl-CoA transferase 1 (CPT1A) messenger RNA (mRNA).The influence of HCV core protein on PPARalpha mRNA expression was analyzed in vitro by real-time PCR in HCV core-expressing HepG2 cells activated with the PPARalpha ligand fenofibric acid. RESULTS: Hepatic concentrations of PPARalpha and CPT1A expressed by hepatocytes were impaired profoundly in the livers of untreated patients with HCV infection compared with controls. A mean decrease of 85% in PPARalpha mRNA expression paralleled with a lack of CPT1A mRNA induction also were observed in HCV core-expressing HepG2 cells compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS: HCV infection is related to altered expression and function of the anti-inflammatory nuclear receptor PPARalpha. These results identify hepatic PPARalpha as one mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of HCV infection, and as a new therapeutic target in traditional treatment of HCV-induced liver injury.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2005
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe KarrAugustin BaasAlberto BramatiElisabeth GiacobinoMarco Romanelli
• Organismes : Département de Physique et Modélisation (Evry) Laboratoire Kastler Brossel Institute of Condensed Matter Physics [Lausanne] Laboratoire Kastler Brossel Laboratoire Kastler Brossel Institut de Physique de Rennes
• Publié dans Physica Status Solidi A (applications and materials science) le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : We report the observation of optical bistability in a semiconductor microcavity pumped at the "magic angle" above the parametric oscillation threshold. Experimental evidence is given in the form of a hysteresis cycle of the nonlinear emission as a function of the pump intensity. A model analogous to those developped for triply resonant Optical Parametric Oscillators (OPO) is in good agreement with the experimental findings. In the second part, we study the potential application of the parametric oscillation regime to quantum optics. The quantum correlations between the emitted "signal" and "idler" beams are computed. We show that very strong quantum correlations between the signal and idler polaritons can be achieved. However the quantum effects in the outgoing light fields are strongly reduced due to the large mismatch in the coupling of the signal and idler polaritons to the external photons.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2005
• Auteurs : Jean-Luc CacciaVincent GuénardPhilippe DrobinskiSophie BastinB. BénechBernard Campistron
• Organismes : Laboratoire de sondages électromagnétiques de l'environnement terrestre Laboratoire de sondages électromagnétiques de l'environnement terrestre Service d'aéronomie Service d'aéronomie Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2005
• Auteurs : P. G. MestayerP. DurandPatrick AugustinSophie BastinJ.-M. BonnefondB. BénechBernard CampistronAlexis CoppalleHervé DelbarreB. DoussetPhilippe DrobinskiA. DruilhetEmeric FrejafonC. S. B. GrimmondM. IrvineC. KergomardS. KermadiJean-Pierre LagouardeAude LemonsuFabienne LohouNathalie LongValéry MassonClotilde MoppertJ. NoilhanB. OfferleDominique GroleauT. R. OkeG. PigeonV. PuygrenierS. RobertsJ.-M. RosantF. SanïdJ. SalmondMartine TalbautJ. Voogt
• Organismes : Laboratoire de mécanique des fluides Centre national de recherches météorologiques Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère Service d'aéronomie Unité de bioclimatologie Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire d'aérologie Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère Université de Brest Service d'aéronomie Laboratoire d'aérologie Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques Indiana University [Bloomington] Unité de bioclimatologie Laboratoire de Géographie des milieux anthropisés Université du Maine [Le Mans - Laval] Unité de bioclimatologie Centre national de recherches météorologiques Laboratoire d'aérologie Laboratoire de mécanique des fluides Centre national de recherches météorologiques Laboratoire d'aérologie Centre national de recherches météorologiques Indiana University [Bloomington] Centre de recherche méthodologique d'architecture University of British Columbia [Canada] Centre national de recherches météorologiques Laboratoire d'aérologie University of British Columbia [Canada] Laboratoire de mécanique des fluides Laboratoire d'aérologie University of British Columbia [Canada] Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère
• Publié dans Boundary-Layer Meteorology le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : The UBL/CLU (urban boundary layer/couche limite urbaine) observation and modelling campaign is a side-project of the regional photochemistry campaign ESCOMPTE. UBL/CLU focuses on the dynamics and thermodynamics of the urban boundary layer of Marseille, on the Mediterranean coast of France. The objective of UBL/CLU is to document the four-dimensional structure of the urban boundary layer and its relation to the heat and moisture exchanges between the urban canopy and the atmosphere during periods of low wind conditions, from June 4 to July 16, 2001. The project took advantage of the comprehensive observational set-up of the ESCOMPTE campaign over the Berre-Marseille area, especially the ground-based remote sensing, airborne measurements, and the intensive documentation of the regional meteorology. Additional instrumentation was installed as part of UBL/CLU. Analysis objectives focus on (i) validation of several energy balance computational schemes such as LUMPS, TEB and SM2-U, (ii) ground truth and urban canopy signatures suitable for the estimation of urban albedos and aerodynamic surface temperatures from satellite data, (iii) high resolution mapping of urban land cover, land-use and aerodynamic parameters used in UBL models, and (iv) testing the ability of high resolution atmospheric models to simulate the structure of the UBL during land and sea breezes, and the related transport and diffusion of pollutants over different districts of the city. This paper presents initial results from such analyses and details of the overall experimental set-up.

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Fichiers liés : Mestayer2005.pdf

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