Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Florence RaynalFrédéric PlazaAurélien BeufPhilippe CarrièreÉliane SouteyrandJ.-R. MartinJ.-P. CloarecMichel Cabrera
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique Laboratoire d'électronique, optoélectronique et microsystèmes Laboratoire d'électronique, optoélectronique et microsystèmes Laboratoire d'électronique, optoélectronique et microsystèmes
• Publié dans La Houille Blanche - Revue internationale de l'eau le 26/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Andreas KlumppWolfgang AnselGabriele KlumppPhilippe VergneNicolas SifakisMaria-José SanzStine RasmussenHelge Ro-PoulsenAngela RibasJosep PenuelasHarry KambezidisShang HeJean-Pierre J.-P. GarrecVicent Calatayud
• Organismes : Universität Hohenheim = University of Hohenheim Universität Hohenheim = University of Hohenheim Universität Hohenheim = University of Hohenheim École normale supérieure - Cachan Jardin Botanique de Lyon National Observatory of Athens Fundación CEAM Københavns Universitet = University of Copenhagen = Université de Copenhague Københavns Universitet = University of Copenhagen = Université de Copenhague Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona = Autonomous University of Barcelona = Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona = Autonomous University of Barcelona = Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona Københavns Universitet = University of Copenhagen = Université de Copenhague Chinese Academy of Forestry Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] Fundación CEAM
• Publié dans Atmospheric Environment le 23/10/2020

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Résumé : Within the scope of a biomonitoring study conducted in twelve urban agglomerations in eight European countries, the ozone-sensitive bioindicator plant Nicotiana tabacum cv. Bel-W3 was employed in order to assess the occurrence of phytotoxic ozone effects at urban, suburban, rural and traffic-exposed sites. The tobacco plants were exposed to ambient air for biweekly periods at up to 100 biomonitoring sites from 2000 to 2002. Special emphasis was placed upon methodological standardisation of plant cultivation, field exposure and injury assessment. Ozone-induced leaf injury showed a clearly increasing gradient from northern and northwestern Europe to central and southern European locations. The strongest ozone impact occurred at the exposure sites in Lyon and Barcelona, while in Edinburgh, Sheffield, Copenhagen and Düsseldorf only weak to moderate ozone effects were registered. Between-site differences within local networks were relatively small, but seasonal and inter-annual differences were strong due to the variability of meteorological conditions and related ozone concentrations. The 2001 data revealed a significant relationship between foliar injury degree and various descriptors of ozone pollution such as mean value, AOT20 and AOT40. Examining individual sites of the local monitoring networks separately, however, yielded noticeable differences. Some sites showed no association between ozone pollution and ozone-induced effects, whereas others featured almost linear relationships. This is because the actual ozone flux into the leaf, which is modified by various environmental factors, rather than ambient ozone concentration determines the effects on plants. The advantage of sensitive bioindicators like tobacco Bel-W3 is that the impact of the effectively absorbed ozone dose can directly be measured.

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• Type de publi. : Rapport
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Bru MarcJean ClanetJ.J MauriceJean-François MarcelLaurent TalbotMarie-Pierre TrinquierAbdelkrim HasniLacourse FrançoiseJohanne LebrunYves LenoirPhilippe MaubantElmostafa HabboubAnderson OliveiraAbdelkarim Zaid
• Organismes : Laboratoire Toulouse EducAgro Education, Formation, Travail, Savoirs Centre de Recherches en Education Formation et Insertion de Toulouse Université de Sherbrooke = University of Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke] Université de Sherbrooke = University of Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke] Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en Education de Lille - ULR 4354

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Jean ClairambaultPhilippe MichelBenoît Perthame
• Organismes : Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions
• Publié dans Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. Série I, Mathématique le 30/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Pierre BeckJean-Alix BarratPhilippe GilletM. WadhwaI. A. FranchiR. C. GreenwoodMarcel BohnJoseph CottenBertrand van de MoortèleBruno Reynard
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Domaines Océaniques Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Department of Geology Planetary and Space Sciences Research Institute [Milton Keynes] Planetary and Space Sciences Research Institute [Milton Keynes] Domaines Océaniques Domaines Océaniques Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre
• Publié dans Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : We report on the petrology and geochemistry of the Northwest Africa 2737 (NWA 2737) meteorite that was recovered from the Morrocan Sahara in 2000. It is the second member of the chassignite subclass of the SNC (Shergotitte-Nakhlite-Chassignite) group of meteorites that are thought to have originated on Mars. It consists of black olivine- and spinel-cumulate crystals (89.7 and 4.6 wt%, respectively), with intercumulus pyroxenes (augite 3.1 wt% and pigeonite-orthopyroxene 1.0 wt%), analbite glass (1.6 wt%) and apatite (0.2 wt%). Unlike Chassigny, plagioclase has not been observed in NWA 2737. Olivine crystals are rich in Mg, and highly equilibrated (Fo = 78.7 ± 0.5 mol%). The black color of olivine grains may be related to the strong shock experienced by the meteorite as revealed by the deformation features observed on the macroscopic to the atomic scale. Chromite is zoned from core to rim from Cr83.4Uv3.6Sp13.0 to Cr72.0Uv6.9Sp21.1. Pyroxene compositional trends are similar to those described for Chassigny except that they are richer in Mg. Compositions range from En78.5Wo2.7Fs18.8 to En76.6Wo3.2Fs20.2 for the orthopyroxene, from En73.5Wo8.0Fs18.5 to En64.0Wo22.1Fs13.9for pigeonite, and from En54.6Wo32.8Fs12.6 to En46.7Wo44.1Fs9.2 for augite. Bulk rock oxygen isotope compositions confirm that NWA 2737 is a new member of the martian meteorite clan (Δ17O = 0.305 ± 0.02‰, n = 2). REE abundances measured in NWA 2737 mineral phases are similar to those in Chassigny and suggest a genetic relationship between these two rocks. However, the parent melt of NWA 2737 was less evolved and had a lower Al abundance.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Matthieu AngeliJean-Philippe BigasDavid BenaventeBeatriz MenendezR. HébertChristian David
• Organismes : Laboratoire de tectonique Laboratoire de tectonique Laboratoire de tectonique
• Publié dans ;;; le 01/01/2003

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe BoulangerF. MartinezE. C. Segura
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques Laboratoire d'océanographie dynamique et de climatologie
• Publié dans Climate Dynamics le 30/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : B. E. MollesUwe MaskosStéphane PonsM. BessonBruno GuiardJean-Philippe GuillouxAugust EvrardAnne CormierM. Mameli-EngvallIsabelle Cloëz-TayaraniH. NakataniN. DufourAlexis-Pierre BemelmansAlain M. GardierPierre CazalaJacques MalletV. DavidPhilippe FaureSylvie GranonJean-Pierre Changeux
• Organismes : Récepteurs et Cognition Récepteurs et Cognition Récepteurs et Cognition Récepteurs et Cognition Sérotonine et neuropharmacologie Sérotonine et neuropharmacologie Sérotonine et neuropharmacologie Récepteurs et Cognition Récepteurs et Cognition Récepteurs et Cognition Récepteurs et Cognition Récepteurs et Cognition Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs Sérotonine et neuropharmacologie Neurosciences cognitives Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs Neurosciences cognitives Récepteurs et Cognition Récepteurs et Cognition Récepteurs et Cognition
• Publié dans Journal of Molecular Neuroscience le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the brain exhibit diverse functional properties and ubiquitous distribution. Yet, except for providing a receptor for the exogenously applied nicotine of tobacco products, their role in the normal functioning of the brain has remained elusive. We have used a lentiviral expression vector to re-express the beta2 subunit specifically in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of beta2-/- mice. The viral vector efficiently expresses beta2- subunit protein leading to new nAChR-binding sites. VTA neurons transduced by the lentiviral vector are responsive to intravenous nicotine when analyzed using in vivo electrophysiology. Nicotine-induced dopamine release from the nucleus accumbens (NuAcc) was also restored in re-expressing beta2-/- mice. Intra-VTA injection of nicotine was found to be reinforcing in both wild-type and beta2-subunit re-expressing beta2-/- mice, but not in beta2-/- mice. Furthermore, in the absence of applied nicotine, the spontaneous slow exploratory behavior of the mice was restored, whereas fast navigation did not change. This latter behavioral analysis suggests a role for beta2* nAChR, specifically expressed in the VTA, in mammalian cognitive function.

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• Type de publi. : Chapître d'ouvrage
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Olivier BernardBenoit ChachuatJean-Philippe Steyer
• Organismes : Modeling and control of renewable resources Automatic Control Laboratory [Zurich] Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne]

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Résumé : In this chapter, we provide the key ideas on how to build software sensors (also called observers) for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). We give an overview of the existing linear and nonlinear observers and discuss criteria that help to identify which observer is best suited with respect to the amount of information being available for the WWTP. Depending on the model reliability, the available measurements and the level of uncertainties associated to the influent concentrations, different class of observers can be considered. We distinguish between those that rely on a full model description (e.g., the extended Kalman filter), and those based on a mass-balance model wherein the biological kinetics are assimilated to unknown inputs (e.g., the asymptotic observer). Moreover, if bounds are known for the uncertainties, then interval observers can be designed. We discuss the principles of each class of observers and illustrate them through a number of examples.

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Fichiers liés : Bernard_Chachuat_Steyer_060103.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2006
• Auteurs : Thomas BataillonNathalie ChantretAlberto CenciMarie-Françoise GautierPhilippe JoudrierAnnabelle HaudryMarie-Hélène MullerCharles PoncetJean-Marie ProsperiJoëlle RonfortPierre RoumetSylvain SantoniAnne-Celine ThuilletJacques David
• Organismes : Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Aarhus University [Aarhus] Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Polymorphismes d'intérêt agronomique Polymorphismes d'intérêt agronomique Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées
• Publié dans Actes du BRG le 21/10/2020

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Résumé : The comparative study of patterns of genetic diversity in crops and their wild ancestors coupled with recent advance in coalescent theory opens the way for making some historical inference on the demographic (and possibly selective) processes that have shaped genetic diversity in crops since domestication. Demographic events affect genome-wide levels of polymorphisms and the spectrum of allelic frequencies. Some forms of selection, in particular recent selective sweeps are expected to reduce diversity locally that is at the target of selection and in surrounding areas in the genome. Although a full reconstruction of the demographic history seems impossible based on patterns of polymorphism alone, contemporary polymorphism data can be used to calibrate simplified demographic models that can account for amounts and patterns of currently observable diversity. We illustrate that approach in two crop species with contrasted histories and mating systems. First, patterns of diversity are studied in the (allo)tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum) complex a species with a mixed mating system dominated by high levels of selfing. The intensity of bottlenecks associated with major historical episodes of domestication and subsequent selection are quantified using microsatellite markers. Patterns of microsatellite diversity are also compared with patterns of sequence polymorphism detected at the Gsp-1 locus. We find that domestication and subsequent selection resulted in a massive loss of genetic diversity and estimated a several fold reduction in the long term effective size realized in cultivated wheats relative to their wild ancestors (even after accounting for the probable loss of diversity in wild populations due to extensive habitat loss since Neolithic times). Next we analyze patterns of nucleotide diversity in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) an autotetraploid and outcrossing crop species. Sequence polymorphism among individuals spanning a wide geographic distribution was surveyed and analyzed at two intronic regions. These were located in respectively the alfalfa NADHdependent glutamate synthase and PO146, a pollen pectate lyase-like gene. These genes were chosen while searching in GenBank a public genetic sequence database for nucleotidic sequences of M. sativa and not chosen with any phenotypic à priori. This allowed us to i) quantify the extent of genetic divergence between wild and cultivated populations and thereby assess the impact of domestication on this divergence, ii) assess the originality of the genetic makeup of wild Spanish populations of alfalfa relative to the rest of extant population throughout the species range, iii) determine whether there is likely ongoing (recent) gene-flow among wild and cultivated populations in Spain

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