Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 02/10/1994
• Auteurs : Jean-Pierre PujolPhilippe GaléraStéphane PronostKarim BoumédieneDenis VivienM MacroW MinFrançoise RédiniH PenfornisM Daireaux
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Biochimie du tissu conjonctif Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique [CHU Caen] Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif
• Publié dans Annales d'Endocrinologie = Annals of Endocrinology le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) has a dual effect on the proliferation of joint chondrocytes. In medium with a low serum concentration, it inhibits cell growth, while in medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum it stimulates cell growth. This stimulation leads to a higher replication rate an a larger number of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Since these cells have already replicated their DNA, they can begin mitosis when stimulated by a EGF type factor. This mechanism involves the systems of the TGF-beta receptors which appear to vary with the cell cycle. In addition, a glycane inositophosphate may play a role as a second messenger for TGG-beta in this action. Finally, TGF-beta cannot restore the chondrocyte phenotype in dedifferentiated cells nor limit the dedifferentiation process. It exerts a opposing effect to the deleterious effects of interleukin-1 by inhibiting the expression of the receptors of this cytokine at the level of transcription. These in vitro effects would suggest that TGF-beta plays an important role in the repair potentiality of joint cartilage especially in arthrosis. In vivo studies are however necessary to verify this hypothesis.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/10/1994
• Auteurs : Pierre-Marie LledoLudger JohannesPhilippe VernierRobert ZorecFrançois DarchenJean-Didier. VincentJ-P. HenryWilliam T. Mason
• Organismes : Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Institut de biologie physico-chimique Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine Institut de biologie physico-chimique Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Institut de biologie physico-chimique Dept of Neurobiology, Babraham Institute
• Publié dans Trends in Neurosciences le 23/10/2020

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Résumé : Although some mechanistic aspects of exocytosis, such as fusion events, have been well documented by the technique of time-resolved membrane-capacitance measurement, it was only recently that new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in the traffic of secretory vesicles were provided by the convergence of different lines of research. In this review Lledo et al. present some of the recent findings concerning small GTPases of the Rab3 subfamily which regulate hormone release, triggered by entry of Ca2+, in endocrine and neuroendocrine cells. In view of these new results, Rab proteins might be considered as candidates for inhibition or stimulation of specific steps involved in vesicle traffic.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/09/1994
• Auteurs : Barbara Ewa ErazmusC. LebrunR. LednickyC. GhisalbertiLilian MartinD. NouaisJ. PlutaD. ArdouinJean-Pierre CussonneauPhilippe EudesF. GuilbaultPascal LautridouA. RahmaniT. ReposeurDaniel RoyL. SezacN. CarjanJ. QuebertR. SiemssenM. LewitowiczW. MittigP. Roussel-ChomazA. ChbihiJ. GalinD. GuerreauM. MorjeanA. PeghaireP. AguerW. BurzynskiW. PerytH. DabrowskiP. Stefanski
• Organismes : Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/09/1994
• Auteurs : Jean-Yves CognardDavid DureisseixPierre LadevèzePhilippe Lorong
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie

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Résumé : Parallel architecture computers are, or rather will be, a great asset for structural non-linear analyses. The proposed approach is first and foremost dedicated to the field of Mechanics: it is a ‘parallel’ approach to plasticity and viscoplasticity problems in the case of small displacements. This approach can be put into the family of domain decomposition methods, which is well suited to multiprocessor computers with distributed memory. A partition of the structure is introduced from two entities: substructures and interfaces. Each substructure is considered as a structure on its own; it communicates only with its neighbouring interfaces. Interfaces are bidimensional entities with their own behaviour (unilateral contact, perfect interface, ...). This decomposition is integrated into a large time increment approach in order to solve the mechanical problem. This last step is a general method that deals with time-dependent, non-linear problems, and has recently been proposed. The first applications (without concern for decomposition into substructures), in the cases of plastic and viscoplastic behaviours, have shown the efficiency of the strategy. Its original feature is to treat the history of the unknowns in a single large time increment, without any a priori assumption on their time evolution. A second point is that this strategy takes into account the properties of the mechanical equations in order to separate them into two groups: linear, and possibly global, equations on the one hand; and local, and possibly non-linear, equations on the other. In association with the structural decomposition, the large time increment method can take advantage of the intrinsic parallelism of the problem; the global and linear problems to be solved are independent of each substructure. The convergence of the proposed strategy has been demonstrated under relatively weak assumptions: theoretical results have been established for ‘stable’ materials. The numerical behaviour of the proposed strategy will be shown in the case of linear elasticity on the following supercomputers: nCUBE (with 64 nodes) and iPSC 860 (with 128 nodes), both having distributed memory.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/09/1994
• Auteurs : Philippe KastnerJesus GrondonaManuel MarkAnne GansmullerMarianne LemeurDidier DécimoJean-Luc VoneschPascal DolléPierre Chambon
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Biologie structurale Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Biologie structurale Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Biologie structurale Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Biologie structurale Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Biologie structurale Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Biologie structurale Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Biologie structurale Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Biologie structurale Laboratoire de Génetique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes Laboratoire de Biologie structurale
• Publié dans Cell le 28/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/07/1994
• Auteurs : Hervé ClaustrePhilippe KerhervéJean-Claude MartyLouis PrieurChristianne VideauJean-Henri Hecq
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Marines Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche
• Publié dans Journal of marine research le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : Using phytoplankton pigments as biomarkers, we investigated the relationship between the physical forcing and the resulting biological, ecological and biogeochemical properties of the geostrophic front of the Eastern Alboran Sea. (1) Typical frontal sites present biomass levels averaging 60 mg chl a m-2 (up to 100 mg m-2), whereas the adjacent zones (typical Atlantic and Mediterranean) are characterized by an average integrated chlorophyll biomass of 20 mg chl a m-2. (2) The phytoplankton biomass at front is diatom-dominated and differs markedly from the adjacent zones (typical Atlantic and Mediterranean), flagellate- and cyanobacteria-dominated. Therefore, high biomasses at the front do not result from purely physical accumulation but rather from local production. (3) The chlorophyll and diatom biomasses increase from the left to the right side of the Atlantic jet, which supports the hypothesis of a cross-frontal secondary circulation allowing a diatom bloom development. (4) Using assumptions on the carbon/chlorophyll ratio and growth rates for the different phytoplankton taxa, we evaluated the specific productions: diatoms account for 67% of the production at front and only about 10% at adjacent zones. (5) High concentrations of phaeopigments are only found at frontal stations, which points out the pecularities of the food web at the frontal site, compared to adjacent areas. (6) The observations made during this study give a precise picture of that frontal system: autotrophic new production and exportation are enhanced. The implication of this frontal system on the carbon budget at a regional scale may be important.

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• Type de publi. : Chapître d'ouvrage
• Date de publi. : 01/07/1994
• Auteurs : Bruno CautrèsFrançoise GerbauxPhilippe MalleinAlain CarofCatherine DubreuilJean-François Marchat
• Organismes : Centre de recherche sur l'administration, la ville et le territoire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale Service Universitaire de la Formation Permanente Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche, culture, éducation, formation, travail

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/04/1994
• Auteurs : Jacqueline BertrandPierre BertrandJean-Philippe Ovarlez
• Organismes : Sondra, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon]
• Publié dans International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology le 31/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 09/03/1994
• Auteurs : Pierre-Marie LledoPhilippe VernierJean-Didier VincentWilliam MasonRobert Zorec
• Organismes : Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Department of Neurobiology, Babraham Institute University of Ljubljana
• Publié dans Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences le 01/11/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/03/1994
• Auteurs : Olivier ValdenairePhilippe VernierMarion MausJean-Baptiste Dumas Milne EdwardsJacques Mallet
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs [APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière] Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard Collège de France - Chaire Neuropharmacologie Généthon Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs [APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière]
• Publié dans European Journal of Biochemistry le 23/10/2020

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Résumé : Modulation of the expression of the D2-dopamine receptor gene is involved in several pathological and developmental circumstances. The gene and the corresponding promoter regions of the rat D2 receptor were isolated and partly characterized to study its regulation. The rat D2-receptor gene spans at least 50 kb, and possesses eight exons; its organization was compared to those of the other dopamine-receptor genes in a phylogenetic perspective. The gene contains two transcription-start sites: the major one is located about 320 bp upstream from the 3' end of the first exon, and a minor site is 70 bp further upstream. Transient-expression assays with fusion constructs comprising fragments of the D2-promoter region and the luciferase reporter gene confirmed the existence of two independent, TATA-lacking promoters. Both promoters separately induced transcription of the luciferase gene in C6 glioma, primary fibroblasts, GH3 and MMQ pituitary cell lines, among which only the MMQ cells normally express the D2 receptor. Transcription is enhanced by the reunion of the two promoters, and modified by the addition of upstream sequences. Thus the 1-kb promoter region analysed does not contain all the elements necessary to confer tissue-specific expression of the gene, but does carry some positive and negative regulatory elements, which remain to be characterized.

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