Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

---

• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/09/2000
• Auteurs : Isabelle QuiduJean-Philippe MalkasseGilles BurelPierre Vilbé
• Organismes : Extraction et Exploitation de l'Information en Environnements Incertains Thales Underwater Systems Lab-STICC_UBO_CACS_COM Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192)

---

Résumé : This paper is concerned with the problem of recognition of objects laying on the sea-bed. A high resolution sonar provides high-quality acoustic images of the sea-bed, allowing the classification of objects from their cast shadow. After the segmentation step, a set of features is extracted from the shadow. We propose an approach based on a hybrid set of descriptors, combining features of different origins. We first compute topological parameters: the extent and the elongation. In addition to these classical features, affine moment invariants seem suitable for sonar images. Indeed, under weak perspective conditions, the perspective transformation is well approximated by an affine transformation. A four-dimensional vector is then computed characterizing the shadow. The method has been tested on simulated sonar images.

---

Fichiers liés : Oceans00hybridDescriptors.pdf

---

Source

---

• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/09/2000
• Auteurs : Isabelle QuiduJean-Philippe MalkasseGilles BurelPierre Vilbé
• Organismes : Extraction et Exploitation de l'Information en Environnements Incertains Thales Underwater Systems Lab-STICC_UBO_CACS_COM Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192)

---

Résumé : In the context of mine warfare, detected mines can be classified from their cast shadow. A standard solution is to perform image segmentation first (we obtain binary from graylevel image giving the label zero for pixels belonging to the shadow and the label one elsewhere), and then to perform a classification based on features extracted from the 2D-shape of the segmented shadow. Consequently, if a mistake happens during the process, it will be propagated through the following steps. In this paper, to avoid such drawbacks, we propose a novel approach where a dynamic segmentation scheme is fully classification-oriented. Actually, classification is performed directly from the raw image data. The approach is based on the combination of deformable models, genetic algorithms, and statistical image models.

---

Fichiers liés : Oceans00geneticAlgos.pdf

---

Source

---

• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/09/2000
• Auteurs : C. GhayorJean-François HerrouinChristos E. ChadjichristosLeena Ala-KokkoMasaharu TakigawaJean-Pierre PujolPhilippe Galéra
• Organismes : CHU Tenon [AP-HP] Université de Caen Normandie
• Publié dans Journal of Biological Chemistry le 02/11/2020

---

Source

---

• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/09/2000
• Auteurs : Laurent FauchierPierre Maison-BlancheAnne ForhanA d'HourPatrick LépinayJean TichetSylviane VolPhilippe CoumelJean Paul FauchierBeverley BalkauAlain D’hour
• Organismes : Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases CIC - CHU Bichat Epidémiologie cardiovasculaire et métabolique Centre d'examens de santé de la CPAM du Loiret Institut inter-Régional pour la SAnté Institut inter-Régional pour la SAnté Service de cardiologie (APHP-Hôpital Lariboisière) Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique
• Publié dans American Journal of Cardiology le 22/10/2020

---

Résumé : In the prospective Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome, 2,894 healthy subjects aged 30 to 64 years had determinations of fasting glucose, insulin, serum lipid and fibrinogen concentrations, blood pressures, body mass index, and waist-hip ratio, as well as tobacco and alcohol consumptions and physical activity. A 12-lead electrocardiogram with automatic measurement of the QT interval was recorded and the formula used for heart rate correction was based on the best-fit regression between QT and heart rate. The QT duration was influenced by glucose homeostasis in both sexes, and increased in men with physical activity; there was a dose-effect relation for men who smoked.

---

Source

---

• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 14/08/2000
• Auteurs : Thierry BienvenuVincent Des PortesNathalie McdonellRamzi ZemniPhilippe CouvertHilger RopersClaude MoraineHans van BokhovenJean Pierre FrynsKristina AllenChristopher WalshJoëlle BouéAxel KahnJamel ChellyCherif Beldjord
• Organismes : Institut Cochin Institut Cochin Institut Cochin Institut Cochin Institut Cochin Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Genetik Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours Nijmegen Medical Centre [Nijmegen] Center for Human Genetics [KU Leuven] Harvard Medical School [Boston] Harvard Medical School [Boston] Institut Cochin Institut Cochin Institut Cochin Institut Cochin
• Publié dans American Journal of Medical Genetics le 26/10/2020

---

Résumé : X-linked mental retardation is a very common condition that affects approximately 1 in 600 males. Despite recent progress, in most cases the molecular defects underlying this disorder remain unknown. Recently, a study using the candidate gene approach demonstrated the presence of mutations in PAK3 (p21-activating kinase) associated with nonspecific mental retardation. PAK3 is a member of the larger family of PAK genes. PAK proteins have been implicated as critical downstream effectors that link Rho-GTPases to the actin cytoskeleton and to MAP kinase cascades, including the c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38. We screened 12 MRX pedigrees that map to a large region overlying Xq21-q24. Mutation screening of the whole coding region of the PAK3 gene was performed by using a combination of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and direct sequencing. We have identified a novel missense mutation in exon 2 of PAK3 gene (R67C) in MRX47. This confirms the involvement of PAK3 in MRX following the report of a nonsense mutation recently reported in MRX30. In the MRX47 family, all affected males show moderate to severe mental retardation. No seizures, statural growth deficiency, or minor facial or other abnormal physical features were observed. This mutation R67C is located in a conserved polybasic domain (AA 66-68) of the protein that is predicted to play a major role in the GTPases binding and stimulation of Pak activity.

---

Source

---

• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 07/08/2000
• Auteurs : N. S. SavkinaA. A. LebedevD. V. DavydovA. M. Strel'ChukA. S. TregubovaChristophe RaynaudJean-Pierre ChanteMarie-Laure LocatelliDominique PlansonJosé del R. MillánPhilippe GodignonF. J. CamposN. MestresJ. PascualG. BrezeanuM. Badila
• Organismes : Ampère Centre de génie électrique de Lyon Ampère Centre de génie électrique de Lyon Ampère Centre de génie électrique de Lyon Ampère Centre de génie électrique de Lyon Centro Nacional de Microelectronica [Spain]
• Publié dans Materials Science and Engineering: B le 28/10/2020

---

Résumé : Sublimation epitaxy has not yet been a technique of prime importance to grow epitaxial 6H-SiC layers because grown layers have always shown a residual net doping level higher than 10(16) cm(-3) and a high compensation level. We present here results obtained with an optimized technology of sublimation epitaxial growth, which can be used to obtain structurally perfect layers with a concentration of uncompensated donors as low as 10(15) cm(-3). These layers have been both physically and electrically characterized. Deep level transient spectroscopy indicates that the concentration of deep levels is greatly reduced. As a consequence the hole diffusion length is significantly increased up to about 2.5 mu m, as confirmed by electron beam induced current measurements. So these optimized layers are envisaged for the fabrication of high voltage diodes or bipolar transistors.

---

Source

---

• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/08/2000
• Auteurs : Alain GobertSylvie DaulouedeMichel LepoivreJean Luc BoucherBernard BouteilleAlain BuguetRaymond CespuglioBernard VeyretPhilippe Vincendeau
• Organismes : Université de Bordeaux
• Publié dans Infection and Immunity le 27/10/2020

---

Résumé : ABSTRACT Nitric oxide (NO) is an important effector molecule of the immune system in eliminating numerous pathogens. Peritoneal macrophages from Trypanosoma brucei brucei -infected mice express type II NO synthase (NOS-II), produce NO, and kill parasites in the presence of l -arginine in vitro. Nevertheless, parasites proliferate in the vicinity of these macrophages in vivo. The present study shows that l -arginine availability modulates NO production. Trypanosomes use l -arginine for polyamine synthesis, required for DNA and trypanothione synthesis. Moreover, arginase activity is up-regulated in macrophages from infected mice from the first days of infection. Arginase competes with NOS-II for their common substrate, l -arginine. In vitro, arginase inhibitors decreased urea production, increased macrophage nitrite production, and restored trypanosome killing. In vivo, a dramatic decrease in l -arginine concentration was observed in plasma from infected mice. In situ restoration of NO production and trypanosome killing were observed when excess l -arginine, but not d -arginine or l -arginine plus N ω -nitro- l -arginine (a NOS inhibitor), was injected into the peritoneum of infected mice. These data indicate the role of l -arginine depletion, induced by arginase and parasites, in modulating the l -arginine–NO pathway under pathophysiological conditions.

---

Source

---

• Type de publi. : Ouvrage (y compris édition critique et traduction)
• Date de publi. : 09/07/2000
• Auteurs : Agnès van ZantenCatherine AgulhonAnne BarrèreC. BarthonÉlisabeth BautierChoukri Ben AyedPascal BressouxNathalie BulleJean-Paul CailleBernard CharlotLouis ChauvelEric DebarbieuxLise DemaillyJean-Louis DerouetMarie Duru-BellatYves DutercqJean-Claude ForquinJacqueline GautherinDominique GlasmanMartine KherroubiBernard LahireVincent LangAndré LegrandDanilo MartucelliCatherine MarryPhilippe MassonPierre MerleDenis MeuretStéphanie Mignot-GérardChristine MusselinJean-Manuel de QueirozMarco ObertiFrançoise OeuvrardJean-Jacques PaulJean-Paul PayetAgnès PelageEric PlaisanceSerge Pouts-LajusPatrick RayouMarielle Riché-MagnierAndré Désiré RobertJean-Yves RochexFrançoise RopéFrançois de SinglyGeorges SolauxDanièle TrancartLouis-André ValletMaria Drosile Vasconcellos
• Organismes : Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) Centre de recherche sur les liens sociaux Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales Institut universitaire de formation des maîtres - Nord-Pas-de-Calais Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche, culture, éducation, formation, travail Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Éducation (Grenoble) Groupe d'étude des méthodes de l'analyse sociologique Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche, culture, éducation, formation, travail Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) Observatoire internationale de la violence scolaire Centre Lillois d’Études et de Recherches Sociologiques et Économiques - UMR 8019 Groupe de sociologie politique et morale Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) Institut universitaire de formation des maîtres - Paris Université Lumière - Lyon 2 Institut universitaire de formation des maîtres - Centre Val de Loire Groupe de recherche sur la socialisation Centre de recherche de l'éducation Centre de Recherches en Droit Public (UPN) Centre Maurice Halbwachs Centre de sociologie du travail et des arts Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sciences Sociales de Rennes. UHB Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education Centre de sociologie des organisations (Sciences Po, CNRS) Centre de sociologie des organisations (Sciences Po, CNRS) Université de Rennes 2 Observatoire sociologique du changement (Sciences Po, CNRS) Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education Professions, institutions, temporalités Centre de recherche sur les liens sociaux Institut universitaire de formation des maîtres - Centre Val de Loire Université Lumière - Lyon 2 Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche, culture, éducation, formation, travail Université de Picardie Jules Verne Centre de recherche sur les liens sociaux Cultures et Sociétés en Europe Institut de recherche sur l'éducation : Sociologie et Economie de l'Education Université de Rouen Normandie Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales

---

Résumé : L'école constitue aujourd'hui plus que jamais un des enjeux majeurs de l'action politique et occupe une place importante dans les débats publics. L'efficacité du système scolaire, sa capacité d'intégration, son organisation, l'orientation des contenus d'enseignement, la formation et les pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants font l'objet de multiples critiques et propositions émanant de tous les bords. Cet ouvrage collectif, accessible aux non-spécialistes, a pour ambition d'éclairer ces débats. Rassemblant près de cinquante contributions, il présente un état des savoirs le plus complet possible sur la situation de l'école française. On y trouvera une analyse des différents réseaux, niveaux et types d'enseignement ; une vue d'ensemble des modes d'élaboration des contenus et des effets des politiques éducatives nationales et locales, y compris à l'échelle des établissements ; une mise en perspective des savoirs enseignés, des pratiques pédagogiques et d'évaluation ; une présentation des acteurs individuels (chefs d'établissement, enseignants, élèves et parents) et collectifs (syndicats enseignants, mouvements lycéens et étudiants) de l'école ; des analyses de la diversité des parcours scolaires, ainsi que des liens entre ces parcours et les trajectoires professionnelles et sociales ultérieures ; enfin, une revue des questions "chaudes" qui ont trait à la façon dont l'école s'acquitte actuellement de sa double mission de préparation à la vie professionnelle et d'intégration sociale.

---

Source

---

• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2000
• Auteurs : Yann H. KerrPhilippe WaldteufelWigneron J.-P.Jordi Font
• Organismes : Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère Service d'aéronomie Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona]

---

Résumé : The main objective of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission is to deliver crucial variables of the land surfaces: soil moisture, and of ocean surfaces: sea surface salinity fields. The mission should also deliver information on root zone soil moisture, vegetation, and biomass, and lead to significant research in the field of the cryosphere. The main aspects of the baseline mission are presented in this paper. Over land, water and energy fluxes at the surface/atmosphere interface are strongly dependent upon soil moisture (SM). Evaporation, infiltration and runoff are driven by SM while soil moisture in the vadose zone governs the rate of water uptake by vegetation. Soil moisture is thus a key variable in the hydrologic cycle. Soil moisture, and its spatiotemporal evolution as such, is an important variable for numerical weather and climate models, and should be accounted for in hydrology and vegetation monitoring. For the oceans, sea surface salinity (SSS) plays an important role in the Northern Atlantic sub polar area, where intrusions with a low salinity influence the deep thermohaline circulation and the meridional heat transport. Variations in salinity also influence the near-surface dynamics of tropical oceans, where rainfall modifies the buoyancy of the surface layer and the tropical ocean-atmosphere heat fluxes. SSS fields and their seasonal and inter-annual variabilities are thus tracers and constraints on the water cycle and on the coupled ocean-atmosphere models. Even though both SM and SSS are used in predictive atmospheric, oceanographic, and hydrologic models, no capability exists to date to measure directly and globally these key variables.

---

Fichiers liés : Kerr2000.pdf

---

Source

---

• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2000
• Auteurs : Yann H. KerrWigneron J.-P.P. FerrazzoliPhilippe Waldteufel
• Organismes : Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma, Italia] = University of Rome Tor Vergata [Rome, Italy] = Université de Rome Tor Vergata [Rome, Italie] Service d'aéronomie

---

Résumé : The 2D L-band interferometer radiometer on board SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) is based on an innovative bi-dimensional aperture synthesis concept. The sensor has new and very significant capabilities, especially in terms of multi-angular viewing configuration. In this study, the retrieval capabilities of SMOS, based on the actual system configuration have been assessed. From model simulations, the uncertainities on the retrieved variables is computed as a function of the uncertainties associated with both remotely sensed data (radiometric sensitivity /spl Delta/T, systematic bias) and model input parameters (errors are accounted for in the estimates of surface temperature and vegetation optical thickness, if one- or two-parameter retrievals are carried out). The simulations are performed using the /spl tau/-/spl omega/ approach, which provides accurate simulations of the passive microwave signature of the land surface at L-band. This study shows how and why the 2D interferometry concept, applied to Earth remote sensing from space, may bring a major qualitative improvement, thanks to the ability to obtain many data over a significant range of viewing angles. SMOS is the first mission which aims at demonstrating and using this feature. From the results of this study, promising retrieval capabilities can be expected from SMOS over the land surface.

---

Source