Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Rapport
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Francis DeriennicAnnette LeclercPhilippe MairiauxJean-Pierre MeyerAnna Ozguler
• Organismes : Recherches épidémiologiques et statistiques sur l'environnement et la santé. Epidémiologie, santé publique et environnement professionnel et général: méthodes et applications Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich Occupational Physiology Laboratory (Vandœuvre-Les -Nancy, France) Epidémiologie, santé publique et environnement professionnel et général: méthodes et applications

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Résumé : La lombalgie se définit par la présence de douleurs. Plus précisément, lalombalgie désigne toute manifestation douloureuse siégeant dans la partiebasse de la colonne vertébrale, c’est-à-dire entre la charnière dorso-lombaire(D12-L1) et la charnière lombo-sacrée (L5-S1). En ce sens, la lombalgiecommune1 n’est pas une entité pathologique : c’est un symptôme pouvantrépondre à la souffrance mécanique de structures rachidiennes et périrachidiennesdiverses.(...)Dans l’affirmation « mal de dos, mal du siècle », il y a à la fois du vrai, du fauxet de l’imprécis :• du vrai, en ce sens que la lombalgie est une affection très fréquente enpopulation adulte puisque dans différentes enquêtes, environ 60 % des adultes,parfois plus, déclarent souffrir ou avoir souffert de lombalgie ;• du faux, en ce sens que la lombalgie est une affection bénigne dont l’évolutionspontanée est favorable dans la majorité des cas. En effet, les enquêtesdisponibles montrent que seulement une lombalgie sur cinq, en moyenne,entraîne un arrêt de travail. Parmi ces arrêts, la majorité sont des arrêts courts(55 % entre 1 et 7 jours dans l’enquête EDF-GDF) ;• de l’imprécis dans la mesure où dire : « 60 à 80 % des adultes souffrent ouont souffert de lombalgie » signifie que 60 à 80 % des adultes répondraient ouià une question portant sur des douleurs, intenses ou légères, passagères oudurables, dans un passé lointain ou proche ou pour le présent. Avec unedéfinition beaucoup plus stricte, par exemple l’existence d’un arrêt de travailpour lombalgie dans les 12 derniers mois, on obtient une fréquence beaucoupplus faible (de l’ordre de 5 à 10 %).(...)

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Fichiers liés : INSERM_lombalgie.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Chapître d'ouvrage
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Philippe Lardin
• Organismes : Groupe de Recherche d'Histoire

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Ralf JaumannYves LangevinE. HauberJürgen OberstHans-Georg GrothuesHarald HoffmannAlain SoufflotJean-Loup BertauxEmmanuel DimarellisStefano MottolaJean-Pierre BibringGerhard NeukumJörg AlbertzPhilippe MassonP.C. PinetPhilippe LamyVittorio Formisano
• Organismes : DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Institut d'astrophysique spatiale DLR Institut für Planetenforschung DLR Institut für Planetenforschung DLR Institut für Planetenforschung DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Institut d'astrophysique spatiale Service d'aéronomie Service d'aéronomie DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Institut d'astrophysique spatiale DLR Institut für Planetenforschung Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface Géosciences Environnement Toulouse Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario
• Publié dans Planetary and Space Science le 02/11/2020

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Résumé : The panoramic camera (PanCam) imaging experiment is designed to obtain high-resolution multispectral stereoscopic panoramic images from each of the four Mars NetLander 2005 sites. The main scientific objectives to be addressed by the PanCam experiment are (1) to locate the landing sites and support the NetLander network sciences, (2) to geologically investigate and map the landing sites, and (3) to study the properties of the atmosphere and of variable phenomena. To place in situ measurements at a landing site into a proper regional context, it is necessary to determine the lander orientation on ground and to exactly locate the position of the landing site with respect to the available cartographic database. This is not possible by tracking alone due to the lack of on-ground orientation and the so-called map-tie problem. Images as provided by the PanCam allow to determine accurate tilt and north directions for each lander and to identify the lander locations based on landmarks, which can also be recognized in appropriate orbiter imagery. With this information, it will be further possible to improve the Mars-wide geodetic control point network and the resulting geometric precision of global map products. The major geoscientific objectives of the PanCam lander images are the recognition of surface features like ripples, ridges and troughs, and the identification and characterization of different rock and surface units based on their morphology, distribution, spectral characteristics, and physical properties. The analysis of the PanCam imagery will finally result in the generation of precise map products for each of the landing sites. So far comparative geologic studies of the Martian surface are restricted to the timely separated Mars Pathfinder and the two Viking Lander Missions. Further lander missions are in preparation (Beagle-2, Mars Surveyor 03). NetLander provides the unique opportunity to nearly double the number of accessible landing site data by providing simultaneous and long-term observations at four different surface locations which becomes especially important for studies of variable surface features as well as properties and phenomena of the atmosphere. Major changes on the surface that can be detected by PanCam are caused by eolian activities and condensation processes, which directly reflect variations in the prevailing near-surface wind regime and the diurnal and seasonal volatile and dust cycles. Atmospheric studies will concentrate on the detection of clouds, measurements of the aerosol contents and the water vapor absorption at 936 nm. In order to meet these objectives, the proposed PanCam instrument is a highly miniaturized, dedicated stereo and multispectral imaging device. The camera consists of two identical camera cubes, which are arranged in a common housing at a fixed stereo base length of 11 cm. Each camera cube is equipped with a CCD frame transfer detector with 1024×1024 active pixels and optics with a focal length of 13 mm yielding a field-of-view of 53°×53° and an instantaneous filed of view of 1.1 mrad. A filter swivel with six positions provides different color band passes in the wavelength range of 400-950 nm. The camera head is mounted on top of a deployable scissors boom and can be rotated by 360° to obtain a full panorama, which is already covered by eight images. The boom raises the camera head to a final altitude of 90 cm above the surface. Most camera activities will take place within the first week and the first month of the mission. During the remainder of the mission, the camera will operate with a reduced data rate to monitor time-dependent variations on a daily basis. PanCam is a joint German/French project with contributions from DLR, Institute of Space Sensor Technology and Planetary Exploration, Berlin, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS, Orsay, and Service d'Aéronomie, CNRS, Verrières-le-Buisson.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Christine FayolleClaude LerayPhilippe OhlmannGeneviève GutbierJean-Pierre CazenaveChristian GachetRene Groscolas
• Organismes :
• Publié dans Lipids le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : Phospholipid (PL) compositions and fatty acid (FA) patterns of PL were determined in the erythrocytes and blood thrombocytes of a seabird, the king penguin, living in the subantarctic area and feeding on prey rich in n-3 polyunsaturated FA. Results were compared between birds in three different physiological states (breeding and molting adults, chicks) to those reported for other birds. In erythrocytes, the ratios of cholesterol to PL and of sphingomyelin to phosphatidylcholine (PC) were lower than in other birds. The PL distribution was similar to those previously reported in the hen and pigeon. In contrast to other birds, cardiolipin levels were unexpectedly high (4%). Very long chain n-3 FA were abundant (13-27%) in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine and PC, probably in relation to the natural diet of these birds. Among n-3 FA, 22:6n-3 was the most abundant in all PL (2-20%), whereas the highest levels of arachidonic acid were observed in PE (14%). In thrombocytes, the PL distribution and FA composition of the main PL (PC, PE) differed from those of erythrocytes, and in particular, levels of n-3 FA (9-12%) were 1.5-2 times lower. The highest levels of arachidonic acid were found in phosphatidylinositol (24%). The lipid profile of penguin erythrocytes could contribute to the efficiency of blood circulation and oxygen delivery in microvascular beds, thus favoring diving capacity of these animals. Our observations do not support the hypothesis of a common origin of avian thrombocytes and erythrocytes.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Yves RollotSinan HaliyoStéphane RégnierLionel BuchaillotJean-Claude GuinotPhilippe Bidaud
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Robotique de Paris Laboratoire de Robotique de Paris Laboratoire de Robotique de Paris Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 Laboratoire de Robotique de Paris Laboratoire de Robotique de Paris

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Christine FayolleClaude LerayPhilippe OhlmannGeneviève GutbierJean-Pierre CazenaveChristian GachetRene Groscolas
• Organismes : Biologie et pharmacologie des plaquettes sanguines: hémostase, thrombose, transfusion Biologie et Pharmacologie des Plaquettes sanguines : hémostase, thrombose, transfusion
• Publié dans Comparative Biochemistry Physiology B, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology le 15/09/2025

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Résumé : Erythrocyte and blood platelet phospholipid compositions were studied in three elephant seals and two fur seals, two species of marine mammals living in the Subantarctic region feeding on preys rich in (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids. Results were compared with those reported for related species and humans. In erythrocytes, the phospholipid (PL) and cholesterol (CHOL) contents were lower in pinnipeds than in humans. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels were higher in elephant seals than in fur seals, with a reverse trend for phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS). Both species had lower SM/PC ratios and PE plasmalogen concentrations than human. Erythrocytes were richer in (n-3) fatty acids (FA) in pinnipeds than in humans. In platelets, the PL content was lower and the CHOL content higher in elephant seals than in humans or in other phocid seal species studied to date. The SM/PC ratio was much higher than in other seal species or in man. In both species, the proportion of PE plasmalogens was higher in platelets than in erythrocytes. PL were more saturated in elephant seals than in fur seals. These results suggest that the erythrocytes and platelets of wild marine mammals may prove useful models to study the influence of dietary lipids on the structure and hemostatic function of these cells.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Sylvie DurandJean-Pierre DognonPhilippe GuilbaudCatherine RabbeGeorges Wipff
• Organismes : Département de recherche sur les procédés pour la mine et le recyclage du combustible Département de recherche sur les procédés pour la mine et le recyclage du combustible Département de recherche sur les procédés pour la mine et le recyclage du combustible Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Département de recherche sur les procédés pour la mine et le recyclage du combustible Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I
• Publié dans Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2 le 26/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Jean-Paul BanquetYves BurnodPhilippe GaussierArnaud Revel
• Organismes : Plasticité cérébrale et adaptations des fonctions visuelles et motrices Réseau National des Systèmes Complexes Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes

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Résumé : Visually guided landmark navigation is based on space coding by hippocampal place cells (Pc)[2]. A biologically realistic architecture of cooperative-competitive associative networks (implemented as a control system for mobile agents) emulates place cell activity during local navigation (self and goal -localization, and route finding) in exploration and goal-retrieval paradigms. The system builds and stores panoramic views from landmarks and compares these views with current inputs. Mismatch induced low levels of recognition activity during exploration trigger a vigilance burst (by a mechanism inspired from septal modulation) which favors either the recognition of an alternative place category, or the creation of a new category. The sole implementation of visual ¿What¿ and ¿Where¿ information does not restrain the generality of the model since several modalities (proprioceptive and vestibular in particular) could cooperate to give rise to more robust place field spatial categories [5]. Providing the system with real visual inputs automatically extracted from a natural environment demonstrates that interspecies differences [6] in Pc coding (e.g. Pcs in rats vs. view cells in monkeys) result more from characteristics of the visual systems than from differences in Hs processing. Conversely, differences in Pc multiple codes within the same system result according to the model from different levels of processing and/or different degrees of multimodality. Each of these codes could be used within different navigational strategies a control system directly derived from the model allows a mobile agent to learn a few places in an environment, and their associated actions to perform in order to reach a goal. Generalization property of the model provides the capacity to join the goal from any place in the learned environment.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Jean-Paul BanquetPhilippe GaussierArnaud RevelYves Burnod
• Organismes : Plasticité cérébrale et adaptations des fonctions visuelles et motrices Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes Réseau National des Systèmes Complexes

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/01/2000
• Auteurs : Vincent BabeauPhilippe GaussierCédric JoulainArnaud RevelJean-Paul Banquet
• Organismes : Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes Plasticité cérébrale et adaptations des fonctions visuelles et motrices

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