Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Thomas CuissetLaurent FauchierPierre DeharoAriel CohenVictor WaldmannAbdeslam BouzemanGuillaume DuthoitLinda KoutbiFrancis BessiereFabien LabombardaChristelle MarquiéJean-Baptiste GourraudPierre MondolyJean Marc SellalPierre BordacharAlexis HermidaFrédéric AnselmeAnouk AsselinCaroline AudinetYvette BernardSerge BovedaPaul BruSok Sithikun BunGael ClericiAntoine da CostaMaxime de GuillebonPascal DefayeNathalie ElbazRomain EschalierRodrigue GarciaCharles GuenanciaBenoit Guy-MoyatFranck HalimiDidier IrlesLaurence IserinFrançois JourdaMagalie LadouceurPhilippe LagrangeMikael LaredoJacques MansouratiGrégoire MassouliéAmel MathironPhilippe MauryAnne MessaliKumar NarayananCédric NguyenSandro NinniMarie-Cécile PerierBertrand PierrePenelope PujadasFrédéric SacherPascal SagnolArdalan SharifzadehganCamille WaltonPierre WinumCyril ZakineRaphaël P MartinsJean-Luc PasquiéJean Benoit ThamboXavier JouvenNicolas CombesEloi MarijonFabien SquaraGuillaume TheodoreDidier ScarlattiJérome HourdainJean-Claude DeharoPierre OllitraultPaul MilliezLaure Champ-RigotHugues BaderCécile DuplantierAntoine MilhemAudrey SagnardGéraldine BertauxGabriel LaurentMarc BadozAgustin BortoneGuillaume LaborieAnne RollinQuentin Voglimacci StephanopoliFranck MandelAlexandre DuparcGuillaume DomainJean-Paul AlbenqueChristèle CardinStéphane CombesNikita TaneseKarim HasniChristophe LeclercqVincent GalandDominique PavinPhilippe MaboNathalie BeharNicolas ClementyChristophe LooseAkli OtmaniSandrine VenierAdrien CarabelliPeggy JaconMouna Ben KilaniJean Bapstist GuichardCécile Romeyer-BouchardLaurianne Le GloanVincent ProbstLuc FreyszHugues BlangyChristian de ChillouNicolas SadoulPierre KhattarCharlotte PotelleFrederic JeanPaul PuieZiad KhoueiryPhilippe ChevallierArnaud DulacSylvie Di FilippoKevin GardeyPierre FreyChrystelle AkretAntoine DompnierCarole MaupainXavier WaintraubFrançoise Hidden-LucetThomas ChastreEstelle GandjbakhchNicolas BadencoFabrice ExtramianaAntoine LeenhardtAmir ZouaghiVincent AlgalarrondoDenis AmetEmilie VarletTej ChalbiaSéverine PhilibertJacky OllitraultThomas LavergnePierre BaudinaudAdrian MiroloArnaud SavouréBénédicte GodinCathy BertrandPierre FiorelloNicolas JohnsonPierre-Marc LallemandAlexis HermindaJean-Sylvain HermidaBruno DegandRim El BouazzaouStéphane MourotSamuel GoussotGaël JauvertArnaud LazarusCaroline GrimardChristine AlonsoAlexandre ZhaoOlivier P ThomasBruno CauchemezGhassan MoubarakNicolas LelloucheDavid HamonBogdan EnacheGabriel LactuFrançoise WiartOlivier GeoffroyDamien PoindronAlice MaltretCristine RaimondoDamien BonnetSébastien HascoëtNicolas DervalMichel HaïssaguerreMélèze HociniMarco ProiettiDavid FitzmauriceCécile LarocheFrancisco MarinMichael NabauerTatjana PotparaGheorghe-Andrei DanZbigniew KalarusLuigi TavazziAldo MaggioniGiuseppe Boriani
• Organismes : Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique CHU Trousseau [Tours] Éducation Éthique Santé Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP] Université Paris Cité Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Département de Cardiologie [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL] Signalisation, électrophysiologie et imagerie des lésions d’ischémie-reperfusion myocardique CHU Caen Normandie – Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen Normandie Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes = Nantes University Hospital Service Cardiologie [CHU Toulouse] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy IHU-LIRYC Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux [Bordeaux] CHU Amiens-Picardie Service de Cardiologie [CHU Rouen] Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon Clinique Pasteur [Toulouse] Service de cardiologie Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] CHU Saint-Pierre CHU Montpellier = Montpellier University Hospital Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico University of Liverpool University of Liverpool Aalborg University EURObservational Research Programme, European Society of Cardiology Universidad de Murcia = University of Murcia University of Belgrade [Belgrade] Spitalul Clinic Colentina = Colentina Hospital [Bucharest, Romania] University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland Maria Cecilia Hospital Associazione Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri [Firenze] Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
• Publié dans EP-Europace le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : Abstract Aims There has been an increasing focus on integrated, multidisciplinary, and holistic care in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). The ‘Atrial Fibrillation Better Care’ (ABC) pathway has been proposed to streamline integrated care in AF. We evaluated the impact on outcomes of an ABC adherent management in a contemporary real-life European-wide AF cohort. Methods and results Patients enrolled in the ESC-EHRA EURObservational Research Programme in AF General Long-Term Registry with baseline data to evaluate ABC criteria and available follow-up data were considered for this analysis. Among the original 11 096 AF patients enrolled, 6646 (59.9%) were included in this analysis, of which 1996 (30.0%) managed as ABC adherent. Patients adherent to ABC care had lower CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores (mean ± SD, 2.68 ± 1.57 vs. 3.07 ± 1.90 and 1.26 ± 0.93 vs. 1.58 ± 1.12, respectively; P < 0.001). At 1-year follow-up, patients managed adherent to ABC pathway compared to non-adherent ones had a lower rate of any thromboembolic event (TE)/acute coronary syndrome (ACS)/cardiovascular (CV) death (3.8% vs. 7.6%), CV death (1.9% vs. 4.8%), and all-cause death (3.0% vs. 6.4%) (all P < 0.0001). On Cox multivariable regression analysis, ABC adherent care showed an association with a lower risk of any TE/ACS/CV death [hazard ratio (HR): 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44–0.79], CV death (HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.35–0.78), and all-cause death (HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43–0.78). Conclusion In a large contemporary cohort of European AF patients, a clinical management adherent to ABC pathway for integrated care is associated with a significant lower risk for cardiovascular events, CV death, and all-cause death.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Aurélien MassireCharlotte SeilerThomas TroalenOlivier M. GirardPierre LehmannGilles BrunAxel BartoliBertrand AudoinFabrice BartolomeiJean PelletierVirginie CallotTobias KoberJean‐philippe RanjevaMaxime Guye
• Organismes : Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes Aix Marseille Université Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM]
• Publié dans Investigative Radiology le 31/10/2020

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Fichiers liés : 2020_FLAWS_A.Massire_T1_HAL.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Ewan TrégarotCatry ThibaultAuréa PottierEl‐hacen M El‐hacenMohamed Ahmed Sidi CheikhCindy CornetJean‐philippe MaréchalPierre Failler
• Organismes : University of the Azores UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement Savoirs, ENvironnement et Sociétés UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement University of Portsmouth
• Publié dans Ecosphere le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : Marine coastal ecosystems are crucial to human populations in reducing disaster risk. Least Developed Countries are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, such as sea-level rise and storm surges. The Mauritanian coast, West Africa, ranks among the most vulnerable worldwide to sealevel rise, and coastal communities in the National Park of Banc d'Arguin (PNBA) are particularly at risk. Here, we assessed the service of coastal protection in PNBA by (1) mapping the coastal marine ecosystems with Sentinel-2 imagery and determining their spatial wave height attenuation rates; (2) assessing the vulnerability of villages and natural habitats to coastal hazard risk; and (3) assessing the applicability of coastal protection measures in the PNBA. We found that a total of 83% of the populated coastline presents a moderate to high risk of flooding and erosion, with Iwik and R'Gueiba being the most threatened villages in the PNBA. As for the ecological risk, two low-elevated islands, which support breeding colonies of birds, are particularly vulnerable to sea-level rise. However, in other areas, the rupture in the dune cord created new lagoons that present valuable ecological and economic interests like the Lagoon of Bellaat. Improving the comprehension of wave attenuation provided by coastal habitats, combined with identifying the vulnerability and applicability of coastal protection measures, is essential for achieving the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction goals. In the PNBA, relocation of identified villages at risk is probably the best cost-effective solution with the least disturbance to both breeding and wintering birds. Protection of coastal ecosystems will also ensure a continued provision of other ecosystem services, including food supply for sea dependent populations, and contribute to achieving the Paris Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals.

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Fichiers liés : 010081086.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Jeremy ClementPierre DuffauJoel ConstansThierry SchaeverbekeJean-Francois ViallardDamien BarcarJean-Philippe VernhesLaurent SaillerFabrice Bonnet
• Organismes : Bordeaux population health
• Publié dans Journal of Rheumatology le 25/10/2020

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Résumé : OBJECTIVE: Tocilizumab (TCZ), an IL-6 receptor antagonist, is approved for giant cell arteritis (GCA) as a cortisone-sparing strategy and in refractory patients. This study assessed the real-world efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of GCA patients treated with TCZ. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter retrospective observational study at three French centers. All patients ≥ 50 years, meeting the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria, and had received at least one dose of TCZ were included. Relapse was defined by therapeutic escalation, such as increased doses of CS, resumption of CS after weaning, or introduction or intensification of adjuvant therapy. RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2019, 43 patients were included. Patients were followed-up in median 511 days between GCA diagnosis and inclusion with 34/43 (72%) patients experiencing relapses. At inclusion, median age was 77 years and median dose of corticosteroid (CS) was 15 mg/day. After inclusion, the mean cumulative dose of CS was 2.1g/year versus 9.4g/year before inclusion (p\textbackslashtextless2.10(7)) with 12/43 (28%) patients experiencing relapses on TCZ. Among 29 patients undergoing TCZ discontinuation, 18 (62%) experienced relapse. Factors associated with relapse after inclusion were introduction of TCZ \textbackslashtextgreater 6 months after diagnosis (p=0,005), absence of ischemic signs at diagnosis (p=0,006), relapse rate \textbackslashtextgreater0.8/year (p=0.03) and absence of CS tapering ≤ 5 mg/day (p=0,03) before inclusion. Serious adverse events occurred in 18/43 patients (42%), including four deaths. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the effectiveness of TCZ for CS-sparing, but after discontinuation of treatment, TCZ allows for a prolonged remission in less than 50% of patients. Attention must be paid to the tolerance of this long-term treatment in this elderly and heavily treated population.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe Duvel
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539)
• Publié dans Monthly Weather Review le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : Abstract Using 38 years of the ERA-Interim dataset, an objective tracking approach is used to analyze the origin, characteristics, and cyclogenesis efficiency (CE) of synoptic-scale vortices initiated over West Africa and the Atlantic Ocean. Vortices initiated over the ocean at a given pressure level often result from a vertical expansion of a “primary” vortex track initiated earlier over West Africa. Low-level (850 hPa) primary vortices are initiated mainly in July near the Hoggar Mountains (24°N, 5°E), while midlevel (700 hPa) primary vortices are initiated mainly in August–September near the Guinea Highlands (10°N, 10°W). The CE of all these vortices is about 10% in July and 30% in August. The average CE is, however, smaller for low-level “Hoggar” vortices because they peak in July when the cyclogenesis potential index of the Atlantic Ocean is weak. Seasonal and interannual modulations of the cyclogenesis is related more to this index than to the number of vortices crossing the West African coast. Cyclogenesis is nearly equally distributed between the coast and 60°W, but the part of the cyclogenesis due to vortices initiated over West Africa decreases from 80% near the coast to about 30% at 60°W. The most probable delay between the vortex vertical expansion and cyclogenesis is 2 days, but it can be up to 10 days. This analysis also confirms previous results, such as the larger CE for vortices extending at low levels over the continent at 10°N, or the delayed and therefore west-shifted cyclogenesis of low-level “Hoggar” vortices.

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Fichiers liés : Duvel_Vortices_West_Africa_Cyclones_2021.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Rafik TadrosCatherine FrancisXiao XuAlexa VermeerAndrew HarperRoy HuurmanKen Kelu BisabuRoddy WalshEdgar HoorntjeWouter Te RijdtRachel BuchanHannah van VelzenMarjon van SlegtenhorstJentien VermeulenJoost Allard OfferhausWenjia BaiAntonio de MarvaoNajim LahrouchiLeander BeekmanJacco KarperJan H VeldinkElham KayvanpourAntonis PantazisA. John BaksiNicola WhiffinFrancesco MazzarottoGeraldine SloaneHideaki SuzukiDeborah Schneider-LuftmanPaul ElliottPascale RichardF. AderEric VillardPeter LichtnerThomas MeitingerMichael W TanckJ. Peter van TintelenAndrew ThainDavid MccartyRobert HegeleJason RobertsJulie AmyotMarie-Pierre DubéJulia Cadrin-TourignyGeneviève GiraldeauPhilippe L’allierPatrick GarceauJean-Claude TardifS. Matthijs BoekholdtR. Thomas LumbersFolkert W AsselbergsPaul BartonStuart CookSanjay PrasadDeclan O’reganJolanda van Der VeldenKarin VerweijMario TalajicGuillaume LettreYigal PintoBenjamin MederPhilippe CharronRudolf de BoerImke ChristiaansMichelle MichelsArthur WildeHugh WatkinsPaul MatthewsJames WareConnie R Bezzina
• Organismes : Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)
• Publié dans Nature Genetics le 29/10/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Roger C. WiensSylvestre MauriceScott H. RobinsonAnthony E. NelsonPhilippe CaisPernelle BernardiRaymond T. NewellSam CleggShiv SharmaSteven StormsJonathan DemingDarrel BeckmanAnn M. OllilaOlivier GasnaultRyan B. AndersonYves AndréS. Michael AngelGorka AranaElizabeth AudenPierre BeckJoseph BeckerKarim BenzeraraSylvain BernardOlivier BeyssacLouis BorgesBruno BousquetKerry BoydMichael CaffreyJeffrey CarlsonKepa CastroJorden CelisBaptiste ChideKevin ClarkEdward CloutisElizabeth CordobaAgnès CousinMagdalena DaleLauren DefloresDorothea DelappMuriel DeleuzeMatthew DirmyerChristophe DonnyGilles DromartM. George DuranMiles EganJoan ErvinCécile FabreAmaury FauWoodward FischerOlivier ForniSoren MadsenThierry FouchetReuben FresquezJens FrydenvangDenine GaswayIvair GontijoNicolas MangoldJohn GrotzingerXavier JacobSophie JacquinodJeffrey JohnsonRoberta A. KlisiewiczJose Antonio ManriqueJames LakeNina L LanzaJavier LasernaJérémie LasueStéphane Le MouélicJ. P. MartinezCarey Legett IvRichard LeveilleEric LewinGuillermo Lopez-ReyesR. LorenzJesus Martinez-FriasEric LorignySteven P. LoveBriana LuceroJuan Manuel MadariagaMorten MadsenKevin P. MccabeTimothy McconnochieJustin M. McglownScott M MclennanNoureddine MelikechiPierre-Yves MeslinJohn M. MichelDavid MimounAnupam MisraGilles MontagnacFranck MontmessinValerie MoussetNaomi MurdochHorton NewsomLogan A. OttZachary OusnamerLaurent ParesYann ParotRafal PawluczykC. Glen PetersonP. PilleriP.C. PinetGabriel PontFrançois PouletCheryl ProvostBenjamin QuertierHeather QuinnWilliam RapinJean-Michel ReessAmy H. ReganAdriana L. Reyes-NewellPhilip RomanoClément RoyerFernando RullBenigno SandovalJoseph H. SarraoV. SautterMarcel SchoppersSusanne SchröderDaniel SeitzTerra ShepherdPablo SobronBruno DuboisVishnu SridharMichael ToplisImanol Torre-FdezIan TrettelMark UnderwoodAndres ValdezJacob ValdezDawn VenhausPeter Willis
• Organismes : Los Alamos National Laboratory Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Astrogeology Science Center [Flagstaff] Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] University of South Carolina [Columbia] Universidad del País Vasco [Espainia] / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [España] = University of the Basque Country [Spain] = Université du pays basque [Espagne] Los Alamos National Laboratory Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Los Alamos National Laboratory Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie Los Alamos National Laboratory Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory Universidad del País Vasco [Espainia] / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [España] = University of the Basque Country [Spain] = Université du pays basque [Espagne] Los Alamos National Laboratory Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace Jet Propulsion Laboratory University of Winnipeg Jet Propulsion Laboratory Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Los Alamos National Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] Los Alamos National Laboratory Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement Los Alamos National Laboratory University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] Jet Propulsion Laboratory GeoRessources Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie California Institute of Technology Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Jet Propulsion Laboratory Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics Los Alamos National Laboratory University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet Los Alamos National Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] California Institute of Technology Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] Los Alamos National Laboratory Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga] Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada] Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Universidad del País Vasco [Espainia] / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [España] = University of the Basque Country [Spain] = Université du pays basque [Espagne] Jet Propulsion Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory University of Maryland [College Park] Los Alamos National Laboratory State University of New York University of Massachusetts [Lowell] Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Los Alamos National Laboratory Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement PLANETO - LATMOS Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque] Los Alamos National Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie FiberTech Optica Los Alamos National Laboratory Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] Institut d'astrophysique spatiale FiberTech Optica Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] Los Alamos National Laboratory Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory Institut d'astrophysique spatiale Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie Jet Propulsion Laboratory In­sti­tut für Op­ti­sche Sen­sor­sys­te­me Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées Jet Propulsion Laboratory Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie Universidad del País Vasco [Espainia] / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [España] = University of the Basque Country [Spain] = Université du pays basque [Espagne] Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory
• Publié dans Space Science Reviews le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : TheSuperCaminstrumentsuiteprovidestheMars2020rover,Perseverance,with a number of versatile remote-sensing techniques that can be used at long distance as well as within the robotic-arm workspace. These include laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), remote time-resolved Raman and luminescence spectroscopies, and visible and in- frared (VISIR; separately referred to as VIS and IR) reflectance spectroscopy. A remote micro-imager (RMI) provides high-resolution color context imaging, and a microphone can be used as a stand-alone tool for environmental studies or to determine physical properties of rocks and soils from shock waves of laser-produced plasmas. SuperCam is built in three parts: The mast unit (MU), consisting of the laser, telescope, RMI, IR spectrometer, and associated electronics, is described in a companion paper. The on-board calibration targets are described in another companion paper. Here we describe SuperCam’s body unit (BU) and testing of the integrated instrument. The BU, mounted inside the rover body, receives light from the MU via a 5.8 m opti- cal fiber. The light is split into three wavelength bands by a demultiplexer, and is routed via fiber bundles to three optical spectrometers, two of which (UV and violet; 245–340 and 385–465 nm) are crossed Czerny-Turner reflection spectrometers, nearly identical to their counterparts on ChemCam. The third is a high-efficiency transmission spectrometer contain- ing an optical intensifier capable of gating exposures to 100 ns or longer, with variable delay times relative to the laser pulse. This spectrometer covers 535–853 nm (105–7070 cm−1 Ra- man shift relative to the 532 nm green laser beam) with 12 cm−1 full-width at half-maximum peak resolution in the Raman fingerprint region. The BU electronics boards interface with the rover and control the instrument, returning data to the rover. Thermal systems maintain a warm temperature during cruise to Mars to avoid contamination on the optics, and cool the detectors during operations on Mars. Results obtained with the integrated instrument demonstrate its capabilities for LIBS, for which a library of 332 standards was developed. Examples of Raman and VISIR spec- troscopy are shown, demonstrating clear mineral identification with both techniques. Lumi- nescence spectra demonstrate the utility of having both spectral and temporal dimensions. Finally, RMI and microphone tests on the rover demonstrate the capabilities of these sub- systems as well.

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Fichiers liés : Wiens2020_Article_TheSuperCamInstrumentSuiteOnTh.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Aurélie BichotMickaël LerostyValérie MéchinNicolas BernetJean-Philippe DelgenèsDiana Garcia-Bernet
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin - Sciences du végétal Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne]
• Publié dans Energy Conversion and Management le 23/10/2020

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Résumé : As a result of increasing demand for alternatives to fossil energy, the agricultural biogas sector is in expansion and lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) represents an interesting renewable feedstock. Nevertheless, due to the recalcitrance and complexity of its structure, deconstructive pretreatments are necessary to render possible biochemical conversions and efficient biomass exploitation. In this work, chemical-free, mild microwave pretreatment was evaluated (through BMP tests) as a method to improve anaerobic biodegradability of two grass biomass of industrial relevance and contrasted parietal content: corn stalks (low parietal content, high soluble content) and miscanthus (high parietal content, low soluble content). BMP tests carried out on raw biomass before pretreatment highlighted the negative correlation of BMP value to lignin and cellulose contents and the positive correlation to soluble and hemicellulose contents.Efficiency of microwave pretreatment under two conditions, open vessel and high pressure (4 bars), with water as unique solvent was tested for tackling recalcitrance and results were compared to conventional heating pretreatment and a control treatment. Solid and liquid phases were separated after pretreatment with the aim to elucidate if microwave treatment had an impact on organic matter solubilisation and/or on the residual solid phase, which could improve the biodegradability of the pretreated solid fraction. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to dissociate methane production of the solid phase from that of the liquid phase after microwave pretreatment.Observed BMP values in mesophilic conditions of raw biomass samples were 286 NLCH4/kgVS for corn stalks and 228 NLCH4/kgVS for miscanthus respectively (in agreement with literature). No significant improvement in BMP value nor in CH4 production kinetics were observed following microwave pretreatment, while a harsh chemical pretreatment (10 h soaking in 10% w/w NaOH) allowed 30% increase in BMP value. These results highlight the significant chemical effect -compared to thermal- on the biomass deconstruction and fibers breakdown during chemical-free microwave pretreatment. A synergy microwave-NaOH effect could allow to achieve higher impact on biomass recalcitrance using lower NaOH amounts than chemical treatment alone.

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Fichiers liés : S019689042031270X.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Xiaojun LiWigneron J.-P.Frédéric FrappartSassan S SaatchiPhilippe CiaisRasmus FensholtDara EntekhabiMartin BrandtAlexandra KoningsXiangzhuo LiuMengjia WangAmen Al-YaariChristophe Moisy
• Organismes : Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ICOS-ATC Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] MIT Parsons Laboratory Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] Stanford University Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère Beijing Normal University Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère
• Publié dans Remote Sensing of Environment le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : The vegetation optical depth (VOD), a vegetation index retrieved from passive or active microwave remote sensing systems, is related to the intensity of microwave extinction effects within the vegetation canopy layer. This index is only marginally impacted by effects from atmosphere, clouds and sun illumination, and thus increasingly used for ecological applications at large scales. Newly released VOD products show different abilities in monitoring vegetation features, depending on the algorithm used and the satellite frequency. VOD is increasingly sensitive to the upper vegetation layer as the frequency increases (from L-, C- to X-band), offering different capacities to monitor seasonal changes of the leafy and/or woody vegetation components, vegetation water status and aboveground biomass. This study evaluated nine recently developed/reprocessed VOD products from the AMSR2, SMOS and SMAP space-borne instruments for monitoring structural vegetation features related to phenology, height and aboveground biomass. For monitoring the seasonality of green vegetation (herbaceous and woody foliage), we found that X-VOD products, particularly from the LPDR-retrieval algorithm, outperformed the other VOD products in regions that are not densely vegetated, where they showed higher temporal correlation values with optical vegetation indices (VIs). However, LPDR X-VOD time series failed to detect changes in VOD after rainfall events whereas most other VOD products could do so, and overall daily variations are less pronounced in LPDR X-VOD. Results show that the reprocessed VODCA C- and X-VOD have almost comparable performance and VODCA C-VOD correlates better with VIs than other C-VOD products. Low frequency L-VOD, particularly the new version (V2) of SMOS-IC, show a higher temporal correlation with VIs, similar to C-VOD, in medium-densely vegetated biomes such as savannas (R ~ 0.70) than for other short vegetation types. Because the L-VOD indices are more sensitive to the non-green vegetation components (trunks and branches) than higher frequency products, they are well-correlated with aboveground biomass: (R ~ 0.91) across space between predicted and observed values for both SMOS-IC V2 and SMAP MT-DCA. However, when compared with forest canopy height, results at L-band are not systematically better than C- and X-VOD products. This revealed specific VOD retrieval issues for some ecosystems, e.g., boreal regions. It is expected that these findings can contribute to algorithm refinements, product enhancements and further developing the use of VOD for monitoring above-ground vegetation biomass, vegetation dynamics and phenology.

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Fichiers liés : S0034425720305812.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/02/2021
• Auteurs : Anne PeskineAlain CariouDavid HajageNicolas DeyeEmmanuel GuérotMartin DresRomain SonnevilleAlexandre LafourcadeVincent NavarroHélène RobertPhilippe AzouviTarek SharsharEleonore BayenCharles-Edouard LuytGuillaume HékimianNicolas BréchotMathieu SchmidtAlain CombesCharles-Edouard LuytAlexandre DemouleMartin DresJulien MayauxAnne PeskineHélène RobertPascale Pradat-DiehlEleonore BayenVincent NavarroDamien GalanaudNathalie MarinJulien CharpentierAlain CariouJean-Paul MiraOlivier VignaudEmmanuel GuérotJean-Luc DiehlJean-Yves FagonNicolas DeyeBruno MégarbaneJean-Pierre GuichardNathalie KubisAlain YelnikRomain SonnevilleLila BouadmaJean-François TimsitIsabelle KleinTarek SharsharPhilippe AzouviRobert CarlierFlorence Colle
• Organismes : CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP] Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP] Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris] Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Hôpital Raymond Poincaré (Garches) [GHU AP-HP Université Paris-Saclay] Hôpital Sainte-Anne CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Service de Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique [Hôpital Lariboisière] Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie
• Publié dans Chest le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : Background: Long-term outcomes of awakened survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are poorly known.Research question: What are the month (M) 18 outcomes of survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who awakened during the first 2 weeks' post-OHCA and their poor-outcome risk factors?Study design and methods: All OHCA survivors with a Glasgow Coma Scale score ≥12 during the first 2 weeks' post-OHCA were enrolled in six ICUs and followed up at M3, M6, M12, and M18. The primary outcome measure was Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E) score at M18. Secondary outcome measures included evaluation at M18 of neurologic, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities; health-related quality of life (HR-QOL), anxiety and depression; and poor-outcome risk factors (GOS-E score ≤ 6).Results: Among the 139 included patients, 98 were assessable for the primary outcome measure. At M18, 64 (65%) had full recovery or minor disabilities (GOS-E score > 6), 18 (18%) had moderate disabilities but were autonomous for daily-life activities (GOS-E score = 6), 12 (12%) had poor autonomy (GOS-E score < 6 but > 1), and four had died. Percentages of patients with GOS-E scores > 6 increased significantly over the 18-month study period. At M18, no patients had major neurologic disabilities, 20% had cognitive disabilities, 32% had anxiety symptoms, 25% had depression symptoms, and their HR-QOL was impaired compared with a sex- and age-matched population. Low-flow time, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at admission, coma duration > 3 days after cardiac arrest, and mechanical ventilation on days 3 and 7 were associated with poor functional outcome.Interpretation: Among patients who awoke (Glasgow Coma Scale score ≥12) in the 14 days following OHCA, 35% had moderate to severe disabilities or had died at M18. Interestingly, patients improved until M18 post-OHCA. Risk factors associated with poor functional outcome were low-flow time, clinical severity at ICU admission, prolonged coma duration, and mechanical ventilation.Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT02292147; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.

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Fichiers liés : S0012369220319516.pdf

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