Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 02/06/2020
• Auteurs : Marine LoizonPhilippe RyvlinBenoit ChatardJulien JungRomain BouetMarc GuenotLaure MazzolaLaurent BezinSylvain Rheims
• Organismes : Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois = Lausanne University Hospital [Lausanne] Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center Hospices Civils de Lyon Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL] Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center
• Publié dans Neurology le 01/11/2020

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2020
• Auteurs : Fleur Le BourgeoisJacques BeltrandBaz BazJean-Baptiste JullaJean-Pierre RivelineAlbane SimonIsabelle FlechtnerMalek Ait DjoudiAnne-Laure Fauret-AmsellemYoann VialRaphael ScharfmannJulie SommetPhilippe BoudouHélène CavéMichel PolakJean-François GautierKanetee Busiah
• Organismes : AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris] Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP] Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP] Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP] Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP] Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP] AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris] AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris] AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris] Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris] Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP] Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP] Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois = Lausanne University Hospital [Lausanne]
• Publié dans Diabetes Care le 01/11/2020

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Résumé : OBJECTIVE Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) occurs during the 1st year of life and remits during childhood. We investigated glucose metabolism and socioeducational outcomes in adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included 27 participants with a history of TNDM currently with (n = 24) or without (n = 3) relapse of diabetes and 16 non-TNDM relatives known to be carriers of causal genetic defects and currently with (n = 9) or without (n = 7) diabetes. Insulin sensitivity and secretion were assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and arginine-stimulation testing in a subset of 8 TNDM participants and 7 relatives carrying genetic abnormalities, with and without diabetes, compared with 17 unrelated control subjects without diabetes. RESULTS In TNDM participants, age at relapse correlated positively with age at puberty (P = 0.019). The mean insulin secretion rate and acute insulin response to arginine were significantly lower in TNDM participants and relatives of participants with diabetes than in control subjects (median 4.7 [interquartile range 3.7–5.7] vs. 13.4 [11.8–16.1] pmol/kg/min, P < 0.0001; and 84.4 [33.0–178.8] vs. 399.6 [222.9–514.9] µIU/mL, P = 0.0011), but were not different between participants without diabetes (12.7 [10.4–14.3] pmol/kg/min and 396.3 [303.3–559.3] µIU/mL, respectively) and control subjects. Socioeducational attainment was lower in TNDM participants than in the general population, regardless of diabetes duration. CONCLUSIONS Relapse of diabetes occurred earlier in TNDM participants compared with relatives and was associated with puberty. Both groups had decreased educational attainment, and those with diabetes had lower insulin secretion capacity; however, there was no difference in insulin resistance in adulthood. These forms of diabetes should be included in maturity-onset diabetes of the young testing panels, and relatives of TNDM patients should be screened for underlying defects, as they may be treated with drugs other than insulin.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2020
• Auteurs : Roxane NicolasAnne CarricajoJérôme MorelJosselin RigaillFlorence GrattardSalim GuezzouEstelle AudouxSalvatore CampisiJean-Pierre FavrePhilippe BerthelotPaul O VerhoevenElisabeth Botelho-Nevers
• Organismes : Physiopathologie et biothérapies des infections muqueuses [CIRI] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] Service d'Anesthésie et Réanimation [CHU Saint-Etienne] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] Physiopathologie et biothérapies des infections muqueuses [CIRI] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] Physiopathologie et biothérapies des infections muqueuses [CIRI] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] Service de Chirurgie cardiaque [CHU Saint-Etienne] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] Physiopathologie et biothérapies des infections muqueuses [CIRI] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] Service des Agents Infectieux et Hygiène [CHU Saint-Etienne] Faculté de Médecine Jacques Lisfranc [Université Saint-Etienne] Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne Service d'Infectiologie - Unité de gestion du risque infectieux [CHU Saint-Etienne] Physiopathologie et biothérapies des infections muqueuses [CIRI] Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Epidémiologie Clinique [CHU Saint-Etienne]
• Publié dans Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy le 31/10/2020

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Résumé : Abstract Background Preoperative decolonization is recommended in Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriers scheduled for cardiac surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of and compliance with mupirocin use in nasal S. aureus carriers in a real-life setting. Methods Prospective study including consecutive patients scheduled for cardiac surgery screened for S. aureus nasal carriage at preoperative consultation. Carriers were prescribed mupirocin nasal ointment, chlorhexidine shower and mouthwash. Effectiveness of decolonization was evaluated with a postoperative nasal sample. Compliance was evaluated objectively by determination of nasal mupirocin concentration using UPLC-MS/MS and self-reported by questionnaire. Results Over 10 months, 361 patients were included, 286 had preoperative screening, 75 (26.2%) were S. aureus nasal carriers and 19 of them (25.3%) failed to be effectively decolonized. No resistance to mupirocin was documented. Preoperative and postoperative strains were identical in all cases. Declared good compliance was associated with decolonization success (OR = 24; 95% CI 4–143, P < 0.0001). Mupirocin detection was significantly associated with the level of compliance. Mupirocin was detected in 52.2% (24/46) of patients effectively decolonized and in 12.5% (2/16) of patients with decolonization failure (P < 0.01). In 2/19 patients, failure of decolonization was not associated with a compliance issue. Postoperative carriage was associated with an increased risk of S. aureus infection (OR = 9.8; 95% CI 1.8–53, P < 0.01). Conclusions In real life, decolonization is not always effective, hence there is a persisting risk of S. aureus endogenous infection. Mupirocin concentration measurement may help to understand compliance issues and failures in decolonization.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2020
• Auteurs : Maha SioudaAudrey D DujardinLaetitia Barbollat-BoutrandMarco Antonio Mendoza-ParraBenjamin GibertMaria OuzounovaJebrane BouaoudLaurie TononMarie RobertJean-Philippe FoyVincent LavergneSerge N. ManiéAlain ViariAlain PuisieuxGabriel IchimHinrich GronemeyerPierre SaintignyPeter Mulligan
• Organismes : Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Développement Cancer et Thérapies Ciblées [Lyon] CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Synergie Lyon Cancer-Platform of Bioinformatics-Gilles Thomas Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Développement Cancer et Thérapies Ciblées [Lyon] Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Développement Cancer et Thérapies Ciblées [Lyon] Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Développement Cancer et Thérapies Ciblées [Lyon] Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Equipe de recherche européenne en algorithmique et biologie formelle et expérimentale Synergie Lyon Cancer-Platform of Bioinformatics-Gilles Thomas Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Développement Cancer et Thérapies Ciblées [Lyon] Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Développement Cancer et Thérapies Ciblées [Lyon] Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry]
• Publié dans iScience le 17/01/2019

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Fichiers liés : iscience.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2020
• Auteurs : Roberto Luigi CazzatoJulien GarnonPierre de MariniPierre AulogeDanoob DaliliGuillaume KochDelphine AntoniPhilippe BarthélémyJean-Emmanuel KurtzGabriel G. MaloufAntoine FeydyYan-Philippe CharlesAfshin Gangi
• Organismes : Interface de Recherche Fondamentale et Appliquée en Cancérologie Interface de Recherche Fondamentale et Appliquée en Cancérologie
• Publié dans Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology le 15/09/2025

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Résumé : Several interventional treatments have recently been integrated into the therapeutic armamentarium available for the treatment of bone tumors. In some scenarios (e.g., osteoid osteoma), interventional treatments represent the sole and definitive applied treatment. Due to the absence of widely shared protocols and the complex multivariate scenarios underlying the clinical presentation of the remaining bone tumors including metastases, therapeutic strategies derived from a multidisciplinary tumor board are essential to provide effective treatments tailored to each patient. In the present review, we present the multidisciplinary therapeutic strategies commonly adopted for the most frequent bone tumors.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2020
• Auteurs : Lionel VellyEtienne GayatAudrey de JongHervé QuintardPhilippe CuvillonGérard AudibertJulien AmourMarc BeaussierMatthieu BiaisSébastien BlocMarie Pierre BonnetPierre BouzatGilles BrezacClaire Dahyot-FizelierSouhayl DahmaniMathilde de QueirozSophie Di MariaClaude EcoffeyEmmanuel FutierThomas GeeraertsHaithem JaberLaurent HeyerRim HoteitOlivier Joannes-BoyauDelphine KernOlivier LangeronSigismond LasockiYoann LauneyFrederic Le SachéAnne Claire LukaszewiczAxel Maurice-SzamburskiNicolas MayeurFabrice MichelVincent MinvilleSebastien MirekPhilippe MontraversEstelle MorauLaurent MullerJane MuretKarine Nouette-GaulainJean Christophe OrbanGilles OrliaguetPierre François PerrigaultFlorence PlantetJulien PottecherChristophe QuesnelVanessa ReubrechtBertrand RozecBenoit TavernierBenoit VeberFrancis VeyckmansHélène CharbonneauIsabelle ConstantDenis FrascaMarc-Olivier FischerCatherine HurauxAlice BletMarc GarnierEmmanuel Weiss
• Organismes : Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes] Service d'Anesthésie et Réanimation [CHRU Nancy] CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires = Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases Hôpital Pellegrin Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology | Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique Neuro-imagerie fonctionnelle et métabolique Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers = Poitiers University Hospital Pharmacologie des anti-infectieux [U 1070] Service d'anesthésie-réanimation Service d'anesthésie réanimation chirurgicale [Rennes] Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] CHU Clermont-Ferrand Toulouse NeuroImaging Center Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation [CHU de Toulouse] Service Anesthésie - Réanimation [Bordeaux] Service Anesthésie - Hôpital des enfants [CHU Toulouse] CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP] MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes [CHU Rennes] = Rennes University Hospital [Pontchaillou] Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation [AP-HP Hôpitaux Saint-Louis Lariboisière] Clinique Juge - Clinique du sport [Marseille] Clinique Pasteur [Toulouse] Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation [CHU de Toulouse] Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires Service d'anesthésie - réanimation chirurgicale [CHU de Dijon] Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] Unité de réanimation médicale [CHU de Carémeau, Nîmes] Institut Curie [Paris] Institut Curie [Paris] Réanimation Médico-Chirurgicale, Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation [Gui de Chauliac - CHU Montpellier] Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Physiopathologie et Epidemiologie de l'Insuffisance Respiratoire Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes = Nantes University Hospital Service de Soins Intensifs [CHU Rouen] Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation [CHU de Toulouse] CHU Trousseau [APHP] Université de Poitiers – UFR Santé [Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie] Département d'anesthésiologie [CHU Caen] Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires Sorbonne Université Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP]
• Publié dans Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : Objectives: The world is currently facing an unprecedented healthcare crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of these guidelines is to produce a framework to facilitate the partial and gradual resumption of intervention activity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The group has endeavoured to produce a minimum number of recommendations to highlight the strengths to be retained in the 7 predefined areas: protection of staff and patients; benefit/risk and patient information; preoperative assessment and decision on intervention; modalities of the preanaesthesia consultation; specificity of anaesthesia and analgesia; dedicated circuits and containment exit type of interventions. Results: The SFAR Guideline panel provides 51 statements on anaesthesia management in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. After one round of discussion and various amendments, a strong agreement was reached for 100% of the recommendations and algorithms. Conclusion: We present suggestions for how the risk of transmission by and to anaesthetists can be minimised and how personal protective equipment policies relate to COVID-19 pandemic context.

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Fichiers liés : 2020 Velly et al., Guidelines.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2020
• Auteurs : Michael MarssetMiroslav BrožPierre VernazzaAlexis DrouardJulie Castillo-RogezJosef HanušMatti ViikinkoskiNicolas RambauxBenoit CarryL. JordaPavel ŠevečekM. BirlanF. MarchisEdyta Podlewska-GacaErik AsphaugPrzemyslaw BartczakJérôme BerthierFabrice CiprianiF. ColasGrzegorz DudzińskiChristophe DumasJosef ĎurechMarin FerraisRomain FétickThierry FuscoEmmanuël JehinMikko KaasalainenAgnieszka KryszczynskaPhilippe L. LamyHervé Le CorollerAnna MarciniakTadeusz MichalowskiPatrick MichelDerek C RichardsonToni Santana-RosPaolo TangaFrédéric VachierArthur ViganOlivier WitasseBin Yang
• Organismes : Astrophysics Research Centre [Belfast] Astronomical Institute of Charles University Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Jet Propulsion Laboratory Astronomical Institute of Charles University Department of Mathematics [Tampere] Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Astronomical Institute of Charles University Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute Astronomical Observatory [Poznan] Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides European Space Research and Technology Centre Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides Astronomical Observatory [Poznan] Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] Faculty of Mathematics and Physics [Praha/Prague] Université de Liège = University of Liège = Universiteit van Luik = Universität Lüttich Les Afriques dans le monde Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon] Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research Institute Department of Mathematics [Tampere] Astronomical Observatory [Poznan] Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Observatoire de Haute-Provence Applied Molecular Genetics Astronomical Observatory [Poznan] De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Department of Astronomy [College Park] Astronomical Observatory [Poznan] Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille European Space Research and Technology Centre European Southern Observatory [Santiago]
• Publié dans Nature Astronomy le 15/02/2017

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Fichiers liés : Pallas_Marsset.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2020
• Auteurs : Michel GalinierFrançois RoubillePhilippe BerdaguéGilles BrierrePhilippe CantiePatrick DaryJean‐marc FerradouOlivier FondardJean Philippe LabarreJacques MansouratiFrançois PicardJean‐etienne RicciMuriel SalvatLamia TartièreJean‐bernard RuidavetsVanina BongardCécile DelvalGuila LancmanHélène PascheJuan Fernando Ramirez‐gilAtul PathakJacques MachecourtBernard ValeixThierry RoyerYves LouvardVictor AboyansThierry BeardSaïda CheggourYves CottinNicolas DelarcheJean-Christophe EicherAntoine FaurePierre GibelinPhilippe GosseJocelyn InamoMaryse Lescure‐ducayJean LitalienSabine MilhauElisabeth PouchelonFabrice PrunierAntoine SalloumJocelyn Souk AlounJean‐michel TartièreMarie‐josé TaudouFranck ThunyChristophe Tribouilloy
• Organismes : Service Cardiologie [CHU Toulouse] Investigation Network Initiative - Cardiovascular and Rénal Clinical Trialist Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] Centre Hospitalier de Béziers SISA - Maison de Santé Pluriprofessionnelle Mutisites - Béziers Centre hospitalier intercommunal des vallées de l'Ariège Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Castres-Mazamet Clinique de réadaptation Midi-Gascogne - "Au cœur de Beaumont"- Centre réhabilitation Cardiaque Clinique Pasteur [Toulouse] Clinique du Pont de Chaume - ELSAN Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest Optimisation des régulations physiologiques Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [CHU Grenoble] Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Air Liquide Santé International [Jouy-en-Josas, France] Air Liquide Santé International [Jouy-en-Josas, France] Air Liquide Santé International [Jouy-en-Josas, France] Air Liquide Santé International [Jouy-en-Josas, France] Service Pharmacologie Clinique [CHU Toulouse] CHU Limoges Service de Cardiologie [CHU de Dijon] Centre hospitalier de Pau Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] Hôpital Saint-André [Bordeaux] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique] Laboratoire de Protection et Remodelage du Myocarde Hôpital Sainte-Musse Service de cardiologie Service de Cardiologie [Amiens]
• Publié dans European Journal of Heart Failure le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : Aims: The aim was to assess the effect of a telemonitoring programme vs. standard care (SC) in preventing all-cause deaths or unplanned hospitalisations in heart failure (HF) at 18 months. Methods and results: OSICAT was a randomised, multicentre, open-label French study in 937 patients hospitalised for acute HF ≤12 months before inclusion. Patients were randomised to telemonitoring (daily body weight measurement, daily recording of HF symptoms, and personalised education) (n = 482) or to SC (n = 455). Mean ± standard deviation number of events for the primary outcome was 1.30 ± 1.85 for telemonitoring and 1.46 ± 1.98 for SC [rate ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77-1.23; P = 0.80]. In New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV HF, median time to all-cause death or first unplanned hospitalisation was 82 days in the telemonitoring group and 67 days in the SC group (P = 0.03). After adjustment for known predictive factors, telemonitoring was associated with a 21% relative risk reduction in first unplanned hospitalisation for HF [hazard ratio (HR) 0.79, 95% CI 0.62-0.99; P = 0.044); the relative risk reduction was 29% in patients with NYHA class III or IV HF (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.53-0.95; P = 0.02), 38% in socially isolated patients (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.39-0.98; P = 0.043), and 37% in patients who were ≥70% adherent to body weight measurement (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.45-0.88; P = 0.006). Conclusion: Telemonitoring did not result in a significantly lower rate of all-cause deaths or unplanned hospitalisations in HF patients. The pre-specified subgroup results suggest the telemonitoring approach improves clinical outcomes in selected populations but need further confirmation.

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Fichiers liés : 2020 Galinier et al., Telemonitoring.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2020
• Auteurs : Marie-Pierre BacosSylvain CeccacciJean-Philippe P MonchouxCécile DavoineThomas GhenoCatherine RioAriel MorelJean-Sébastien MérotFrédéric FossardMarc Thomas
• Organismes : DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon] DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon] Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon] DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon] DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon] DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon] LEM, UMR 104, CNRS-ONERA, Université Paris Saclay LEM, UMR 104, CNRS-ONERA, Université Paris Saclay DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon]
• Publié dans Oxidation of Metals le 02/11/2020

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Résumé : Spark plasma sintering (SPS) enables the manufacturing of TiAl alloys with an exceptional combination of low density and mechanical properties such as acceptable ductility at room temperature and high strength at high temperature. However, TiAl alloys are known to exhibit low oxidation resistance above 700 °C. The oxidation of a Ti–48Al–2W–0.1B (at. %) processed by SPS was investigated at 800 °C. Coupons were oxidized in air and in Ar-21O2 (vol%), in isothermal and cyclic tests. In air, the alloy formed a mixture of Ti and Al oxides, but oxidation was slower than typically observed for W-free alloys. The oxide scale and underlying alloy were characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy in order to examine the beneficial role of W in the oxidation resistance. The main constituents of the reaction product after reaction in air may be described as follows (from gas to alloy): TiO2/porous Al2O3/TiO2 + Al2O3/TiN + Al2O3 + W/TiAl2 + W/TiAl. Close examination suggests that the relatively good oxidation resistance of the alloy is related to W doping of TiO2 in the mixed Al2O3 + TiO2 layer. The alloy formed an Al-rich oxide scale with much slower kinetics in Ar-21O2, confirming the detrimental role of N in the oxidation process.

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Fichiers liés : DMAS20019.1591598483_postprint.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/06/2020
• Auteurs : Sonia MéhaultDorothée KoppMarie MorfinJean Pierre CuillandrePascal LarnaudFabien MorandeauJean-Philippe VacherotThomas Rimaud
• Organismes : Unité Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques Unité Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques Unité Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques Unité Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques Unité Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques Unité Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques
• Publié dans Marine Policy le 28/10/2020

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Résumé : The landing obligation implemented under the European Union Common Fisheries Policy prompted the development of selective devices for fishing gear to reduce unwanted catches. In the Bay of Biscay, a collaborative project between scientists and fishermen evaluated catch rates and length frequencies of caught species from two innovative trawl devices, which were compared to the gear that is currently used in the fishery. The experimental designs were: (1) a 90 mm square mesh bycatch reduction device inserted in the tapered section (SMBRD) and (2) a 70 mm T90 mesh codend and extension (T90). Each selective device was tested separately using the twin trawl method for catch comparison on board commercial vessels: SMBRD was tested on board vessels targeting Nephrops and T90 on board vessels targeting demersal fish. This study focused on hake (Merluccius merluccius), which is an important bycatch species, red mullet (Mullus surmuletus) and common sole (Solea solea), which have high commercial value, and horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), which is nearly never discarded. Horse mackerel and hake escaped through the two devices tested, resulting in fewer unwanted catches in the selective trawls without commercial loss. For sole, more individuals were caught with the SMBRD than with the standard gear. The T90 resulted in the escapement of most red mullet across its entire length range observed, resulting in significantly lower Catch Per Unit Effort of landings and unwanted catch, probably due to unsuitable mesh size and shape for that species. These results have direct application for multispecies fisheries in which fishermen have to appropriately select devices according to the specific characteristics and species composition of their fisheries.

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