Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 26/09/2025
• Auteurs : Benjamin TorresLuc BlarelPhilippe GoloubGaël DuboisMaria Fernanda Sanchez-BarreroIoana Elisabeta PopoviciFabrice MaupinElena LindAlexander SmirnovIlya SlutskerJulien ChimotRamiro GonzálezMichaël SicardJean Marc MetzgerPierre Tulet
• Organismes : Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 Société Cimel Électronique NASA Goddard Space Flight Center NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Lanham] NOVELTIS [Sté] Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones Observatoire de REcherche Montpelliérain de l'Environnement Laboratoire d'aérologie
• Publié dans Atmospheric Measurement Techniques le 24/10/2020

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Résumé : The Earth's oceans play a critical role in regulating the global climate and atmospheric processes, with marine aerosols significantly influencing weather patterns, air quality, and climate dynamics. Despite extensive land-based aerosol monitoring through networks like AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork), marine aerosol characterization remains a critical gap, due in part to the logistical challenges of conducting measurements in remote oceanic environments. To address this, robust, automated, and precise monitoring systems adapted for research vessels are essential. This study reports on the first 3 years (July 2021–June 2024) of continuous aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements collected aboard the research vessel Marion Dufresne using a ship-adapted CIMEL CE318-T automatic photometer in the frame of the MAP-IO (Marion Dufresne Atmospheric Program – Indian Ocean) program. The dataset comprises over 25 000 quality-assured AOD measurements, primarily from the southwest Indian Ocean region, revealing mid-range AOD and Ångström exponent values consistent with previous studies. The reliability and precision of the system were validated through dual-instrument comparisons conducted during the Amaryllis-Amagas/Transama campaign, yielding strong correlations (R>0.96 for different wavelengths) and low root-mean-square error (RMSE<0.01), within the expected error margins for AERONET ground-based sites and benefiting from the continue tracking system implemented for ship-adapted version. Additionally, recurrent comparisons with the ground-based AERONET site at Saint-Denis (La Réunion) further confirm the system's accuracy, presenting good correlations despite differences in altitude and the greater influence of local urban aerosols in Saint-Denis. Retrievals from spectral AOD and sky radiance data collected over the Indian Ocean during a biomass burning event (October 2023) demonstrate the feasibility of deriving detailed aerosol properties, including size distribution and optical characteristics, from shipborne platforms adapted for marine conditions, following the protocols of the AERONET standard algorithm. Observed single scattering albedo (SSA) values, ranging from 0.88 to 0.95 with higher absorption at longer wavelengths, align with those recorded at the Saint-Denis site during the event and are consistent with expectations for a mixture of biomass burning (at the end of the dry season) and sea salt aerosols. These preliminary results underscore the potential of shipborne systems to provide comprehensive aerosol characterization in remote marine environments.

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Fichiers liés : amt-18-4809-2025.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 25/09/2025
• Auteurs : Priscilla BayleBenjamin AlbouyMathilde AugoyardVincent BalterMarlon BasCédric BeauvalMaryelle BessouMathieu BosqLaurent BruxellesThomas ColardIsabelle CrevecoeurPierre-Jean DodatPauline EhrhardtJean-Philippe FaivreChristophe FalguèresGuillaume GuérinFrançois Lacrampe-CuyaubèreChristelle LahayeAdeline Le CabecMona Le LuyerArnaud LenobleStéphane MadelaineBruno MaureilleXavier MuthCosimo PosthMaïlys RichardHélène RougierAurélien RoyerColette SirieixLuca SitziaAdrien ThibeaultAlain TurqClément Zanolli
• Organismes : De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Université de Montréal De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement Austrian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Oriental and European Archaeology Archéosphère Université de Bordeaux De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies [Johannesburg] De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Éco-Anthropologie De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Archéosciences Bordeaux Harvard University Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig] European Synchrotron Radiation Facility De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Musée National de Préhistoire De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Get In Situ Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Service Anthropologie et Préhistoire [Bruxelles] De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Laboratoire Paléobiodiversité et Evolution Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Musée National de Préhistoire De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie

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Résumé : While neighboring regions have yielded numerous Neandertal remains, few discoveries have been reported from the limestone plateaus of the Quercy region in France [1]. However, the accidental discovery in 2006 of a Neandertal-like hemimandible and a deciduous tooth by a speleologist in Sirogne Cave — located within a Jurassic karst system in the northern part of the Alzou Canyon near Rocamadour (Lot, France) — prompted six excavation seasons between 2013 and 2018. These aimed to better understand the chronology, modes of Neandertal occupation, and biological evolution of the populations using the site. The excavations clarified the context of the 2006 discovery and revealed a partially disturbed stratigraphy, affected by recent human interventions. Nevertheless, several preserved layers, covered by stalagmitic floors along the western wall of the cave, were identified. Most notably, nearly 100 human fossils were unearthed from the cave, representing at least 10 individuals: Three children (aged 3–8 years), two adolescents, three young adults, and two older adults. The remains include two hemimandibles (one immature, one adult), over 80 isolated teeth, and infracranial elements. Although most come from sediments affected by post-depositional processes, all exhibit unambiguous Neandertal features. Several infracranial bones show cut marks indicative of dismemberment and disarticulation, suggesting complex mortuary behaviors. The reworked layers also contained faunal remains from over 20 taxa, reflecting a broad but clearly Pleistocene spectrum resulting from both natural and anthropogenic accumulations. More than 2,000 lithic artefacts in quartz, flint, and limestone were also recovered, pointing to at least two Paleolithic techno-complexes: one attributed to the Middle Paleolithic and another to the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. Moreover, Sirogne may correspond to the “Crozo del Dua” cave excavated in the early 20th century by André Niederlander, which yielded five isolated Neandertal teeth and a lithic assemblage [1-3]. Our reanalysis of his faunal collection led to the identification of two additional Neandertal remains — a phalanx and a lower permanent canine — morphologically consistent with the Sirogne material. Combined geological, taphonomic, biochronological, and absolute dating of the stalagmitic floors and associated sediments place the Neandertal fossils within Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6, most probably at the end of the Middle Pleistocene (ca. 150,000–130,000 years ago), which represents a critical, yet poorly documented, phase in Neandertal evolutionary history [4]. Morphometric analyses of the teeth and mandibles suggest that the Sirogne individuals are more closely aligned with early Neandertals (pre-MIS 5) than with later groups. They exhibit classic Neandertal features and share affinities with Middle Pleistocene fossils based on external dental dimensions, enamel-dentine junction (EDJ) shape, and non-metric dental traits. Additionally, the low inter-individual variation in EDJ morphology indicates significant biological homogeneity within the Sirogne group. This homogeneity appears even greater than that observed at the Krapina MIS 5e site (Croatia), possibly reflecting regional isolation during MIS 6. Altogether, this exceptional assemblage offers rare and crucial insights into 18 population dynamics and evolutionary processes during a key period in Neandertal history. The evidence supports a model of strong group structuring and complex demographic patterns in Europe prior to 120,000 years ago [4]. Further analyses are currently underway, including attempts at ancient DNA extraction, calcium isotope studies for dietary reconstruction, and SR-microCT imaging of dental microstructures to explore growth patterns and developmental stress. A new three-year excavation project will further refine the chronocultural context and clarify the processes underlying the accumulation of human remains at the site.

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• Type de publi. : Pré-publication, Document de travail
• Date de publi. : 24/09/2025
• Auteurs : Alexandre DurrmeyerJean-Christophe PalauquiPhilippe Andrey
• Organismes : Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin - Sciences du végétal Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin - Sciences du végétal Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin - Sciences du végétal

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Résumé : The positioning of new cellular walls during cell division plays a key role in shaping plant tissue organization. The influence of cell geometry on the positioning of division planes has been previously captured into various geometrical rules. Accordingly, linking cell shape to division orientation has relied on the comparison between observed division patterns and predictions under specific rules. The need to define a priori the tested rules is a fundamental limitation of this hypothesis-driven approach. As an alternative, we introduce a data-based approach to investigate the relation between cell geometry and division plane positioning, exploiting the ability of deep neural network to learn complex relationships across multidimensional spaces. Adopting an image-based cell representation, we show how division patterns can be learned and predicted from mother cell geometry using a UNet architecture modified to operate on cell masks. Using synthetic data and A. thaliana embryo cells, we evaluate the model performances on a wide range of diverse cell shapes and division patterns. We find that the trained model accounted for embryo division patterns that were previously irreconcilable under existing geometrical rules. Our work shows the potential of deep networks to understand cell division patterns and to generate new hypotheses on the control of cell division positioning.

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 23/09/2025
• Auteurs : Nicolas MartinJean-Pierre ChevalletPhilippe Mulhem
• Organismes : Modélisation et Recherche d’Information Multimédia [Grenoble] PEEKTORIA Modélisation et Recherche d’Information Multimédia [Grenoble] Modélisation et Recherche d’Information Multimédia [Grenoble]

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Résumé : To enhance annotation efficiency in 3D dental Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) image segmentation, this paper explores an active learning (AL) approach that leverages nnU-Net predictions to generate prompts for a specialized 3D Segment Anything Model (SAM). The objective is to minimize the annotation burden without relying on prompts during the inference phase. First, our experiments showed that AL offers similar segmentation performance with less than 20% of the original annotations. Second, random selection offers similar results than more complex sampling method with less more computing demand. Third, the predictions of nnU-Net on unannotated images provided effective prompts for the SAM model specialized in 3D medical images (i.e., SAM-Med3D). Combining these two approaches reduced the required amount of manual annotation by up to 50%. This paper paves the way for more easily obtaining new annotated datasets in the dental domain while simultaneously training a segmentation model, by leveraging SAM-like models.

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Fichiers liés : MICCAI2025_SAM3D_camera_ready.pdf

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• Type de publi. :
• Date de publi. : 22/09/2025
• Auteurs : Jean-Philippe SarretteValentin FerrerAndré RicardJ P GardouF. Marchal
• Organismes : Plasmas Réactifs Hors Equilibre Plasmas Réactifs Hors Equilibre Plasmas Réactifs Hors Equilibre Plasmas Réactifs Hors Equilibre LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie

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Résumé :

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Fichiers liés : poster PLATHINIUM 2025.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 17/09/2025
• Auteurs : Bertrand ArnulfJerome LambertLionel KarlinCyrille TouzeauOlivier DecauxAurore PerrotSalomon ManierMohamad MohtyKarim BelhadjXavier LeleuCyrille HulinLydia MontesThomas ChalopinJill CorreTitouan CazaubielBenoit FermentAlexis TalbotJean-Marc SchianoStéphanie HarelPierre BoriesThierry FaconPhilippe Moreau
• Organismes : AP-HP - Hôpital Saint-Louis [Paris] Epidemiology and Clinical Statistics for Tumor, Respiratory, and Resuscitation | Epidémiologie Clinique, STatistique, pour la Recherche en Santé Service de biostatistique et information médicale de l’hôpital Saint Louis (Equipe ECSTRA) Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Intégrée Nantes-Angers Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes [CHU Rennes] = Rennes University Hospital [Pontchaillou] Pôle IUCT [CHU Toulouse] Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse Université de Lille Hétérogénéité, Plasticité et Résistance aux Thérapies des Cancers = Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies - UMR 9020 - U 1277 Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] AP-HP - Hôpital Saint-Antoine AP-HP - Hôpital Henri-Mondor Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers = Poitiers University Hospital CIC de Poitiers – Centre d'investigation clinique de Poitiers (CIC 1402) Hôpital Haut-Lévêque [CHU Bordeaux] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Amiens-Picardie Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Gaz Quantiques Pôle IUCT [CHU Toulouse] Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux] AP-HP - Hôpital Saint-Louis [Paris] Université Paris Cité Institut Paoli-Calmettes AP-HP - Hôpital Saint-Louis [Paris] Oncopole Claudius Regaud Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille] Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Intégrée Nantes-Angers

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 17/09/2025
• Auteurs : A EgalDenis VidaFrançois ColasBrigitte ZandaSylvain BouleyAsma SteinhausserPierre VernazzaL. FerrièreJ. GattaccecaM. BirlanJérémie VaubaillonKarl AntierSimon AnghelJ. DesmarsKevin BaillieL. MaquetSébastien BouquillonAdrien MalgoyreSimon JeanneJosep M Trigo-RodríguezEnrique HerreroJim RoweAndrew R. D. SmedleyAshley KingSalma SyllaDaniele GardiolDario BarghiniHervé LamyEmmanuël JehinDetlef KoschnyBjorn PoppeAndres JordánRene MendezKatherine VieiraHebe CremadesHasnaa Chennaoui AoudjehaneZouhair BenkhaldounJiří BorovičkaPavel SpurnýHadrien A. R. DevillepoixMarco MicheliDavide FarnocchiaShantanu NaiduPeter BrownPaul WiegertKrisztián SárneczkyAndrás PálNicholas A MoskovitzT. KaretaToni Santana-RosAlexis Le PichonGilles Mazet-RouxJulien VergozLuke McfaddenJelle D AssinkLäslo G EversDaniela KrietschHenner BusemannColin MadenLisa Maria EckartJean-Alix BarratPavel PovinecIvan SýkoraIvan Kontul’Oscar MarchhartMartin MartschiniSilke MerchelAlexander WieserMatthieu GounelleSylvain PontPierre Sans-JofreSebastiaan de VetIoannis BaziotisM. BrožMichaël MarssetJerôme VergneJosef HanušMaxime DevogèleLuca ConversiFrancisco OcañaLuca BuzziD. NedelcuAdrian SonkaFlorent LossePhilippe DupouyKorado KorlevićDieter HusarJost JahnDamir ŠegonMark McintyreRalf NeubertPierre BeckPatrick ShoberAnthony LagainOlivier HernandezDarrel RobertsonPeter Jenniskens
• Organismes : Géosciences Paris Saclay Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement Laboratoire Temps Espace Planetology and environments from ground astrometry and space exploration Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR)
• Publié dans Nature Astronomy le 15/02/2017

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Résumé : Mitigation of the threat from airbursting asteroids requires an understanding of the potential risk they pose for the ground. How asteroids release their kinetic energy in the atmosphere is not well understood due to the rarity of large impacts. Here we present a comprehensive, space-to-laboratory characterization of an impact of an L chondrite, which represents a common type of Earth-impacting asteroid. Small asteroid 2023 CX1 was detected in space and predicted to impact over Normandy, France, on 13 February 2023. Observations from several independent sensors and reduction techniques revealed an unusual but potentially high-risk fragmentation behaviour. The nearly spherical 650 +/- 160 kg (72 +/- 6 cm diameter) asteroid catastrophically fragmented at a dynamic pressure of 4 MPa around 28 km altitude, releasing 98% of its total energy in a concentrated region of the atmosphere. The resulting shock wave was spherical, not cylindrical, and released more energy closer to the ground. This type of fragmentation increases the risk of substantial damage at ground level. These results warrant consideration for a planetary defence strategy for cases where a >3-4 MPa dynamic pressure is expected, including planning for evacuation of areas beneath anticipated disruption locations.

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Fichiers liés : s41550-025-02659-8.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 12/09/2025
• Auteurs : Jean-Charles PicaudOlivier ClarisMercedes Gil-CamposIgnacio Salamanca de la CuevaLuc CornettePhilippe AllietAndré LekeMireille CastanetHugues PiloquetVirginie de HalleuxDelphine MitanchezYvan VandenplasPierre MatonFrank JochumDirk OlbertzSergio Negre PolicarpoLuca LavalleCecilia FumeroPaula Rodriguez-GarciaJanne Marie MollIrma Silva-ZolezziBoutaina ZemraniNicholas HaysNorbert SprengerJavier Miranda-Mallea
• Organismes : Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL] Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition Hospices Civils de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba Instituto Hispalense de Pediatria [Sevilla, Spain] Sint-Jan General Hospital Jessa Ziekenhuis = Jessa Hospital Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques - UMR INERIS_I 1 UPJV Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation Communication Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes = Nantes University Hospital Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours Vrije Universiteit Brussel [Bruxelles] Clinique CHC MontLégia [Liège, Belgium] Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus Spandau University Medical Center Rostock Hospital Quirónsalud Bizkaia [Bilbao] Nestlé Research Center | Centre de recherche Nestlé [Lausanne] Nestlé Research Center | Centre de recherche Nestlé [Lausanne] Copenhagen University Hospitals [Copenhague] Copenhagen University Hospitals [Copenhague] Nestlé Product Technology Center Dairy Nestlé Product Technology Center Dairy Nestlé Product Technology Center Dairy Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA [Lausanne, Switzerland] Hospital Vithas Vitoria = Vithas Vitoria Hospital
• Publié dans Frontiers in Nutrition le 25/10/2020

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Fichiers liés : 2025_Picaud_Front_Nutrition.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 10/09/2025
• Auteurs : Zhaojie ChaiGuansheng LiPapa Alioune NdourPhilippe ConnesPierre BuffetMélanie FrancoGeorge Em Karniadakis
• Organismes : Brown University Brown University Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge Brown University
• Publié dans PLoS Computational Biology le 27/10/2020

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Résumé : Gaucher Disease (GD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in the enzyme glucocerebrosidase, leading to the accumulation of glucosylceramide in various cells, including red blood cells (RBCs). This accumulation results in altered biomechanical properties and rheological behavior of RBCs, which may play an important role in blood rheology and the development of bone infarcts, avascular necrosis (AVN) and other bone diseases associated with GD. In this study, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations are employed to investigate the biomechanics and rheology of blood and RBCs in GD under various flow conditions. The model incorporates the unique characteristics of GD RBCs, such as decreased deformability and increased aggregation properties, and aims to capture the resulting changes in RBC biophysics and blood viscosity. This study is the first to explore the Young's modulus and aggregation parameters of GD RBCs by validating simulations with confocal imaging and experimental RBC disaggregation thresholds. Through in silico simulations, we examine the impact of hematocrit, RBC disaggregation threshold, and cell stiffness on blood viscosity in GD. The results reveal three distinct domains of GD blood viscosity based on shear rate: the aggregation domain, where the RBC disaggregation threshold predominantly influences blood viscosity; the transition area, where both RBC aggregation and stiffness impact on blood viscosity; and the stiffness domain, where the stiffness of RBCs emerges as the primary determinant of blood viscosity. By analyzing RBC mechanical properties and blood viscosity in relation to bone disease, we find that the RBC aggregation properties, deformability, and blood viscosity, may contribute to its onset. These findings enhance our understanding of how changes in RBC properties impact on blood viscosity and may affect bone health, offering a partial explanation for the bone complications observed in GD patients.

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Fichiers liés : journal.pcbi.1012705.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 09/09/2025
• Auteurs : Sofia Avalos-AlaisMaciej JedynakAnthony BoyerBlandine Chanteloup-ForêtCristiana PinheiroChristopher ClineSara ParmigianiYasser Alemán-GómezPatric HagmannCorey KellerOlivier DavidClaude AdamVincent NavarroArnaud BirabenAnca NicaDominique MenardMilan BrazdilRobert KubaJitka KočvarováMartin PailIrena DoležalováFrançois DubeauJean GotmanPhilippe RyvlinJean IsnardHélène CatenoixAlexandra MontavontSylvain RheimsFabrice BartolomeiAgnès TrébuchonAileen McgonigalWenjing ZhouHaixiang WangSinclair LiuZhang WeiZhu DanGuo QiangHu XiangshuLi HuaHua GangWang WenshengMei XiFeng YigangRima NabboutMarie BourgeoisAnna KamińskaThomas BlauwblommeMercedes GarcésAntonio ValentinRinki SinghLiisa MetsähonkalaEija GailyLeena LauronenMaria PeltolaFrancine ChassouxElizabeth LandréPhilippe DerambureWilliam SzurhajMaxime ChochoisEdouard HirschMaria Paola ValentiJulia SchollyLuc ValtonMarie DenuelleJonathan CurotRodrigo RocamoraAlessandro PrincipeMiguel LeyIoana MindrutaAndrei BarboricaStefano FrancioneRoberto MaiLino NobiliIvana SartoriLaura TassiLouis MaillardJean-Pierre VignalJacques JonasLouise TyvaertMathilde ChipauxDelphine TaussigPhilippe KahaneLorella MinottiAnne-Sophie JobVéronique MichelMarie de MontaudoinJérôme AupyViviane BouilleretAna Maria PetrescuPascal MasnouClaire DussauleMarion QuirinsDelphine TaussigCarmen BarbaRenzo GuerriniMatteo LengeElisa Nacci
• Organismes : Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences IFR de neurosciences de Strasbourg Stanford University Stanford University Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne Stanford University Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hospices Civils de Lyon and University of Lyon, Lyon, France
• Publié dans Brain - A Journal of Neurology le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : Abstract The lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) serves as a critical hub for higher-order cognitive and executive functions in the human brain, coordinating brain networks whose disruption has been implicated in many neurological and psychiatric disorders. While transcranial brain stimulation treatments often target the LPFC, our current understanding of connectivity profiles guiding these interventions based on electrophysiology remains limited. Here, we present a high-resolution probabilistic map of bidirectional effective connectivity between the LPFC and widespread cortical and subcortical regions. This map is derived from intracranial evoked potential analysis of 48,797 intracranial direct electrical stimulation runs across 759 implantations in 724 patients with refractory epilepsy (368 male, 354 female, two unspecified; mean age 24±13.5 years). We mapped probabilistic connectivity between brain parcels with adaptive resolution – higher resolution in the LPFC in the hemisphere of interest and lower elsewhere – maintaining statistical power while achieving 95% average confidence interval of ∼0.03 for connectivity probability estimates. In addition, the significance threshold (p-value) for probabilistic connectivity was obtained from surrogate distributions. Overall, we observed remarkable symmetry between afferent and efferent connectivity patterns of the LPFC, with a slight preference for efferent connections (mean slope = 0.92±0.09, mean R² = 0.93±0.025). For example, connections between the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and anterior cingulate showed notable directional asymmetry. The IFG strongly projected to most brain networks compared to other LPFC regions, with the strongest connectivity to the ventral attention network (0.26±0.01 compared to values between 0.15 and 0.21 in other LPFC regions). Posterior DLPFC demonstrated stronger connectivity to brain networks compared to anterior DLPFC regions (eg. 0.21±0.01 vs 0.15±0.01 for connectivity to ventral attention network), with the exception of the limbic cortex. All LPFC subregions strongly projected to the fronto-parietal (greater than 0.17) and ventral attention (greater than 0.15) networks, with moderate connections to the default network (between 0.1 and 0.15, with the maximum corresponding to superior DLPFC). Finally, latency analysis suggested that the left LPFC's influence on ipsilateral emotion-related regions is primarily polysynaptic, with particularly strong pathways from IFG to amygdala (0.16±0.02) and hippocampus (0.12±0.01). Taken together, these comprehensive connectivity maps provide a new detailed electrophysiological foundation for understanding the functional anatomy of LPFC and guiding targeted brain stimulation protocols.

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