Philippe JEAN-PIERRE

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2006
• Auteurs : Alexandre SkrzypczackPierre SiohanJean-Philippe Javaudin
• Organismes : Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes France Télécom Recherche & Développement France Télécom Recherche & Développement

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2006
• Auteurs : Cornelis van LeeuwenJean-Pascal GoutoulyChloé AzaïsAnne-Marie Costa FerreiraElisa MargueritJean-Philippe RobyXavier ChonéChristian GermainSaeid HomayouniJean-Pierre Gaudillère
• Organismes : Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne

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Résumé : Vine water status was measured on 96 blocks of three vines inside a vineyard plot of 0,28 ha during three years: 2003, 2004 and 2005. Three physiological indicators were implemented: stem water potential, carbon isotope discrimination measured on grape sugars at ripeness (δ13C) and canopy temperature measured by high resolution remote sensing. For stem water potential, measurements were taken on every single vine of each block. The objectives of this study were to assess (i) the spatial distribution of vine water status inside a vineyard plot, (ii) the temporal stability of this distribution from one date to another in the same year and (iii) the temporal stability of this distribution from one year to another. The three physiological indicators provided accurate data of vine water status, as was shown by high correlation coefficients between stem water potential values and canopy temperature, as well as between stem water potential and δ13C. Vine water status maps obtained with either stem water potential data or δ13C data showed similar patterns of spots that were more or less affected by water deficit stress, in relation to local soil water holding capacity. Stem water potential was measured in September 2004 on two days in a row, one cloudy day and the next day with higher temperatures and clear conditions. Stem water potential values were highly correlated between these two days, which confirms the fact that stem water potential is mainly influenced by soil water status. However, stem water potential values were in average 0.08 MPa higher on the cloudy day, which shows a measurable but limited influence of evaporative demand on absolute stem water potential values. Both stem water potential values and δ13C data were well correlated from one year to another, which shows a stability of spatial distribution of vine water status inside the plot. This can be explained by the fact that soil water holding capacity is invariable from one year to another. Surprisingly, stem water potential values measured at the same time between vine 1, vine 2 and vine 3 of each block were not very well correlated, although the soil can be considered homogeneous inside a block (3 m2). This observation shows high variability in vine to vine water status, in relation to individual vine rooting depth and canopy size. Consequently, replicates on several adjacent vines have to be averaged out to obtain accurate vine water status data for each block.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2006
• Auteurs : Emmanuel GarcionAlf LamprechtBéatrice HeurtaultArchibald PaillardAnne Aubert-PouesselBenoît DenizotPhilippe MeneiJean-Pierre Benoît
• Organismes : Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Laboratoire d'ingiénerie pharmaceutique Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique Service de neurochirurgie [CHU Angers] Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire Laboratoire de thermodynamique et physico-chimie métallurgiques
• Publié dans Molecular Cancer Therapeutics le 29/10/2020

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Résumé : By focusing on rat glioma, we elucidated whether new lipid nanocapsules (LNC) were able to improve anticancer hydrophobic drug bioavailability while also overcoming multidrug resistance. Blank LNCs and LNCs loaded with the antineoplastic agent paclitaxel were formulated by an emulsion inversion phase process. Expression of efflux pumps by rat glioma cells was assessed by reverse transcription-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry, and their activity was followed using the tracer (99)Tc(m)-methoxyisobutylisonitrile. Modalities of LNC action were addressed by using confocal microscopy detection of fluorescently labeled LNCs, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, high-performance liquid chromatography measurement of paclitaxel release, and analysis of tumor cell growth. This revealed an interaction between LNCs and efflux pumps that resulted in an inhibition of multidrug resistance in glioma cells, both in culture and in cell implants in animals. LNCs were able to target the intracellular compartment of glioma cells, a mechanism that was abrogated by using intracellular cholesterol inhibitors but not by clathrin-coated pit or caveolae uptake inhibitors. This result can be correlated to the LNC inhibitory effects on efflux pump activity that is itself known to be stimulated by intracellular cholesterol. In parallel, we showed that paclitaxel-loaded LNCs were active reservoirs from which paclitaxel could be released. Finally, we established that paclitaxel-loaded LNCs were more efficient than the commercially available paclitaxel formulation (Taxol) for clinical use, thus reducing tumor expansion in vitro and in vivo. Considering the physiologically compatible nature of LNC excipients, these data may represent an important step towards the development of new clinical therapeutic strategies against cancers.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2006
• Auteurs : Céline ChizalletGuylène CostentinHélène Lauron-PernotJean Marc KrafftPhilippe BazinJacques SausseyFrançoise DelbecqPhilippe SautetMichel Che
• Organismes : Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface Laboratoire catalyse et spectrochimie Laboratoire catalyse et spectrochimie Laboratoire de Chimie - UMR5182 Laboratoire de Chimie - UMR5182 Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface
• Publié dans Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Revue d'IFP Energies nouvelles le 26/10/2020

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Résumé : Clean (i.e., carbonate- and hydroxyl-free) and hydroxylated MgO surfaces of various morphologies were used to study the correlation between thermodynamic Brønsted basicity (evaluated by the deprotonation of methanol and propyne followed by FTIR) and basic reactivity (evaluated by the conversion of 2-methyl-but-3-yn-2-ol (MBOH)). A correlation is evidenced for clean surfaces, but for hydroxylated surfaces, OH groups, though weak Brønsted bases, are much more active than oxide O2- ions. Some of the hydroxyl groups whose VOH infra-red stretching band is included in the narrow high-frequency OH band were shown to be responsible for such activity. In order to identify them, the irregularities of surfaces involving low coordination (LC) ions were modeled by DFT calculations (mono- and di-atomic steps for 4C ions, corners, kinks and divacancies for 3C ions). All of them dissociate water: except for kinks and divancancies where the OH formed can be considered as isolated, in all the other cases, OH groups are H-bonded. The í OH infra-red frequencies obtained by calculations are consistent with the experimental spectrum which exhibits two domains: the broad low-frequency (${\rm V}_{\rm OH} < 3700$) domain is assigned to H-bond donor OH groups (O3CH, O4CH and O5CH), whereas the high-frequency narrow band (${\rm V}_{\rm OH} > 3700$ cm-1) corresponds to isolated OH (O2CH, O3CH and O4CH in kinks and divacancies) and H-bond acceptor OH groups (O1CH and O2CH). The latter are inferred to be implied in basic reactivity of hydroxylated surfaces toward MBOH.

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Fichiers liés : ogst06009.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2006
• Auteurs : Barbara SeliskoHélène DutartreJean-Claude GuillemotClaire DebarnotDelphine BenarrochAlexander KhromykhPhilippe DesprèsMarie-Pierre EgloffBruno Canard
• Organismes : Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques Oncogenèse rétrovirale – Retroviral Oncogenesis [CIRI] Laboratoire de biochimie des protéines Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule Département de radio-oncologie and Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques
• Publié dans Virology le 24/10/2020

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Résumé : Flavivirus protein NS5 harbors the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity. In contrast to the RdRps of hepaci- and pestiviruses, which belong to the same family of Flaviviridae, NS5 carries two activities, a methyltransferase (MTase) and a RdRp. RdRp domains of Dengue virus (DV) and West Nile virus (WNV) NS5 were purified in high yield relative to full-length NS5 and showed full RdRp activity. Steady-state enzymatic parameters were determined on homopolymeric template poly(rC). The presence of the MTase domain does not affect the RdRp activity. Flavivirus RdRp domains might bear more than one GTP binding site displaying positive cooperativity. The kinetics of RNA synthesis by four Flaviviridae RdRps were compared. In comparison to Hepatitis C RdRp, DV and WNV as well as Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus RdRps show less rate limitation by early steps of short-product formation. This suggests that they display a higher conformational flexibility upon the transition from initiation to elongation.

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 01/07/2006
• Auteurs : Jean-François PongeStéphanie TopoliantzSylvain BallofJean-Pierre RossiPatrick LavelleJean-Marie BetschPhilippe Gaucher
• Organismes : Fonctionnement, évolution et mécanismes régulateurs des écosystèmes forestiers Fonctionnement, évolution et mécanismes régulateurs des écosystèmes forestiers Direction territoriale Guyane Biodiversité, Gènes et Ecosystèmes Biodiversité et fonctionnement des sols Réseaux trophiques du sol Mission d'Etude pour la Création du Parc de la Guyane
• Publié dans Soil Biology and Biochemistry le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : It is now attested that a large part of the Amazonian rain forest has been cultivated during Pre-Colombian times, using charcoal as an amendment. The incorporation of charcoal to the soil is a starting point for the formation of fertile Amazonian Dark Earths, still selected by Indian people for shifting cultivation. We showed that finely separated charcoal was commonly incorporated in the topsoil by Pontoscolex corethrurus, a tropical earthworm which thrives after burning and clearing of the rain forest, and that this natural process could be used to improve tropical soil fertility. Our paper is a contribution to the present debate about (i) the origin of black carbon in fertile Dark Earths, (ii) the detrimental vs favourable role of Pontoscolex corethrurus in tropical agriculture, (iii) natural processes which might be used to increase tropical soil fertility.

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Fichiers liés : Article_SBB.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 30/06/2006
• Auteurs : Pierre-Yves LéoJean Philippe
• Organismes : Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille SBM offshore
• Publié dans Belgeo : Revue Belge de Géographie le 30/10/2020

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Résumé : Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche consacrée à l’industrie des services de restauration en France, qui se trouve confrontée à des modifications des habitudes de consommation ainsi qu’à une concurrence considérable. La croissance soutenue des métropoles est un facteur d’une importance capitale pour cette activité car elle augmente la demande de repas de qualité à l’extérieur du domicile. Afin de maintenir un taux de croissance rapide, les leaders étendent leurs chaînes de restaurants tout spécialement dans les pôles périphériques situés dans les faubourgs des grandes agglomérations. En même temps, certains d’entre eux adoptent les modèles et les concepts de leurs concurrents. Dans ce contexte, l’implantation d’un site apparaît comme un moyen puissant de protection de leur marché local et d’instauration de barrières à l’entrée : le consommateur n’accepte que de courts temps de parcours de et vers les restaurants. Cet article se fonde sur une enquête menée dans trois villes du sud de la France et sur l’analyse des ensembles de considération.

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Fichiers liés : belgeo-11102.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 28/06/2006
• Auteurs : Stéphane LenfantDavid GuérinClaude ChevrotSerge PalacinJean-Philippe BourgoinOthman BouloussaFrancis RondelezDominique VuillaumeFrançois Tran-Van
• Organismes : Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces Laboratoire de Chimie des Surfaces et Interfaces Laboratoire d'Electronique Moléculaire Physico-Chimie-Curie Physico-Chimie-Curie Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Interfaces
• Publié dans Journal of Physical Chemistry B le 22/10/2020

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Résumé : We report the synthesis and characterization of molecular rectifying diodes on silicon using sequential grafting of self-assembled monolayers of alkyl chains bearing a group at their outer end (Si/-/metal junctions). We investigate the structure-performance relationships of these molecular devices, and we examine the extent to which the nature of the end group (change in the energy position of their molecular orbitals) drives the properties of these molecular diodes. Self-assembled monolayers of alkyl chains (different chain lengths from 6 to 15 methylene groups) functionalized by phenyl, anthracene, pyrene, ethylene dioxythiophene, ethylene dioxyphenyl, thiophene, terthiophene, and quaterthiophene were synthesized and characterized by contact angle measurements, ellipsometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. We demonstrate that reasonably well-packed monolayers are obtained in all cases. Their electrical properties were assessed by dc current-voltage characteristics and high-frequency (1-MHz) capacitance measurements. For all of the groups investigated here, we observed rectification behavior. These results extend our preliminary work using phenyl and thiophene groups (Lenfant et al., Nano Lett. 2003, 3, 741). The experimental current-voltage curves were analyzed with a simple analytical model, from which we extracted the energy position of the molecular orbital of the group in resonance with the Fermi energy of the electrodes. We report experimental studies of the band lineup in these silicon/alkyl -conjugated molecule/metal junctions. We conclude that Fermi-level pinning at the group/metal interface is mainly responsible for the observed absence of a dependence of the rectification effect on the nature of the groups, even though the groups examined were selected to have significant variations in their electronic molecular orbitals.

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Fichiers liés : 0605700.pdf

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• Type de publi. : Communication dans un congrès
• Date de publi. : 26/06/2006
• Auteurs : Xavier HauboisGuy PerrinSylvestre LacourPeter A. SchullerJohn D. MonnierJean-Philippe BergerStephen RidgwayRafael Millan-GabetEttore PedrettiWesley A. Traub
• Organismes : Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique Pôle Astronomie du LESIA Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique Pôle Astronomie du LESIA Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique Pôle Astronomie du LESIA

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• Type de publi. : Article dans une revue
• Date de publi. : 26/06/2006
• Auteurs : Pierre BecquartGaël PetitjeanYassine Al TabaaDiane ValéaMarie-France HuguetEdouard TuaillonNicolas MedaJean-Pierre VendrellPhilippe van de Perre
• Organismes : VIH/SIDA et maladies associées VIH/SIDA et maladies associées Laboratoire de Virologie [CHRU Montpellier] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Laboratoire de Virologie [CHRU Montpellier] Laboratoire de Virologie [CHRU Montpellier] Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] Laboratoire de Virologie [CHRU Montpellier] Laboratoire de Virologie [CHRU Montpellier] VIH/SIDA et maladies associées
• Publié dans AIDS. Official journal of the international AIDS Society le 23/08/2019

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Résumé : In breast milk and paired blood samples of nine HIV-1-infected lactating women, we undertook a study to detect a CD4 T-cell reservoir and to investigate its capacity to enter viral production after activation. Breast milk-infected CD4 T cells have a greater capacity to produce viral particles actively than blood CD4 T cells. This observation may explain the apparent paradox of a transmissible viral infection from a body fluid with a low viral concentration.

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